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	<dc:identifier>FB-54625</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=54625</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Anabantiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Osphronemidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Parosphromenus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Parosphromenus bintan Kottelat &amp; Ng, 1998</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Izu stingray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Izu astelrai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Izuhime-ei</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Izupijlstaartrog</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>伊豆魟</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Dasyatis izuensis Nishida &amp; Nakaya, 1988</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1999-12-09</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2015-07-24</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=54631'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7445&amp;speccode=54631'>Nishida, K. and K. Nakaya0 Taxonomy of the genus &lt;i&gt;Dasyatis&lt;/i&gt; (Elasmobranchia, Dasyatidae) from the North Pacific. In: Pratt Jr., H. L., S. H. Gruber and T. Taniuchi (eds.): Elasmobranchs as living resources: advances in the biology, ecology, systematics, and the status of the fisheries. NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Tech. Rept. NMFS 90:327-346. (Ref. 7445)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=54631'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34976&amp;speccode=54631'>Nishida, K. and K. Nakaya0 &lt;i&gt;Dasyatis izuensis&lt;/i&gt;, a new stingray from the Izu Peninsula, Japan. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 35(3):227-235. (Ref. 34976)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-8018-6048-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35766&amp;speccode=54631'>Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43454&amp;speccode=54631'>Bor, P.H.F.0 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). (Ref. 43454)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50449&amp;speccode=54631'>Dulvy, N.K. and J.D. Reynolds0 Evolutionary transitions among egg-laying, live-bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 264:1309-1315. (Ref. 50449)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58018&amp;speccode=54631'>Bogutskaya, N.G.0 Preliminary assignment of coordinates to type localities in the Catalog of Fishes. Unpublished dbf file. (Ref. 58018)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=54631'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=54631'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114953&amp;speccode=54631'>Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor0 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1999-12-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-06-01 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Occurs in shallow coastal waters (Ref. 7445).  Almost with certainty to occur deeper than 20 m (Ref. 114953).  Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114953&amp;speccode=54631'>Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2016 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1999-12-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Northwest Pacific:  restricted to southern Japan.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114953&amp;speccode=54631'>Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2016 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-54631</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1999-12-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=54631&amp;StockCode=45229</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).  Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=54631'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-54631</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1999-12-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=54631</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>41.8 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 34976))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34976&amp;speccode=54631'>Nishida, K. and K. Nakaya 1988 &lt;i&gt;Dasyatis izuensis&lt;/i&gt;, a new stingray from the Izu Peninsula, Japan. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 35(3):227-235. (Ref. 34976)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>John E. Randall</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=54631</dc:source>
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	<dc:description>demersal; marine; depth range 10 - 20 m (Ref. 114953)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114953&amp;speccode=54631'>Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2016 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)</reference></dataObject>
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