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	<dc:identifier>FB-5236</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5236</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Characiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Alestidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Brachyalestes</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Brachyalestes carolinae (Paugy &amp; Lévêque, 1981)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Niandani kardsalmler</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Alestes carolinae Paugy &amp; Lévêque, 1981</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Brycinus carolinae (Paugy &amp; Lévêque, 1981)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-23</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-08</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2880&amp;speccode=5236'>Paugy, D.0 Characidae. p. 195-236. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren et O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2880)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=5236'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5331&amp;speccode=5236'>Paugy, D.0 Characidae. p. 140-183. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 5331)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12818&amp;speccode=5236'>Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=5236'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2-7099-0807-7' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=42019&amp;speccode=5236'>Paugy, D.0 Révision systématique des &lt;i&gt;Alestes&lt;/i&gt; et &lt;i&gt;Brycinus&lt;/i&gt; africains (Pisces, Characidae). Collection Études et Thèses. Éditions de l'O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris. 295 p. (Ref. 42019)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81279&amp;speccode=5236'>Paugy, D.0 Alestidae. p. 236-282. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81279)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=97017&amp;speccode=5236'>Paugy, D. and C. Leveque0 Un &lt;i&gt;Alestes&lt;/i&gt; nouveau du bassin du Niger &lt;i&gt;Alestes carolinae&lt;/i&gt; n. sp. (Pisces, Characidae). Cybium 5(1):97-101. (Ref. 97017)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=5236'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130776&amp;speccode=5236'>Toledo-Piza, M., E.G. Baena, F.C.P. Dagosta, N.A. Menezes, M., Benine, R.C. Andrade, V.A. Bertaco, J.L.O. Birindelli, G. Boden, P.A. Buckup, P. Camelier, F.R. Carvalho, R.M.C Castro, J. Chuctaya, E. Decru and …0 Checklist of the species of the Order Characiformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi). Neotrop. Ichthyol. 22(1):1-548. (Ref. 130776)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=131251&amp;speccode=5236'>Stiassny, M.L.J., C. Keane, J.J.M.M. Mbimbi and B.F. Melo0 Phylogenomics and morphology of the African fish genus &lt;i&gt;Brycinus&lt;/i&gt; with revalidation of &lt;i&gt;Brachyalestes&lt;/i&gt; and description of a new species from the Congo basin (Teleostei: Alestidae). Ichthyol. Herpetol. 111(4):597-611. (Ref. 131251)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1992-03-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-08 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5236</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Affinities:  B. imberi, with red fins no black longitudinal stripe; B. nigricauda, with colored caudal fin margin.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2880&amp;speccode=5236'>Paugy, D. 1990 Characidae. p. 195-236. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren et O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2880)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-5236</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://oceans.ubc.ca/maria-lourdes-deng-palomares/' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Maria Lourdes D. Palomares</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-07-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-06-28 16:07:18</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5236</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Diagnosis:  parietal fontanella absent in adults; snout short, comprised over three times in head length; dorsal-fin origin at same level as, or scarcely behind, pelvic-fin insertions; head narrow; adults medium-sized; black lateral band expanding over entire body length; sexual dimorphism affecting anal-fin shape, females with straight anal fin and males with curved anal fin; 8 premaxillary teeth; 4.5 scales above lateral line; 24-26 lateral line scales; 12-13 anal fin branched rays; 20-21 gill rakers in lower part of first branchial arch (Ref. 2880, 81279).Description: anal fin with 3 branched and 12-13 unbranched rays; jaws equal; premaxilla with two tooth rows, each comprising 8 teeth (Ref. 2880, 81279). Coloration: body silvery, dark back, white belly; dark longitudinal band (2 scales width) over the whole body length; humeral spot; precaudal band extending unto part of caudal fin; fins pale yellow in live specimens; after preservation in formalin, the longitudinal band becomes darker in males than in females (Ref. 2880, 81279).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81279&amp;speccode=5236'>Paugy, D. 2003 Alestidae. p. 236-282. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81279)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-5236</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://oceans.ubc.ca/maria-lourdes-deng-palomares/' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Maria Lourdes D. Palomares</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-07-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-06-28 16:07:18</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5236</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Anal spines: 0; Analsoft rays: 15 - 16</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81279&amp;speccode=5236'>Paugy, D. 2003 Alestidae. p. 236-282. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81279)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-5236</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5236</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Africa:  only known from the Niandan River, an affluent of the upper Niger in Guinea (Ref. 81279).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2880&amp;speccode=5236'>Paugy, D. 1990 Characidae. p. 195-236. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren et O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2880)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-5236</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-08 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5236</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>10.4 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2880))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2880&amp;speccode=5236'>Paugy, D. 1990 Characidae. p. 195-236. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren et O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2880)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-5236</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-08 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5236</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy</subject>
	<dc:description>pelagic; freshwater</dc:description>
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