FB-5225 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5225 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Gonorynchiformes Kneriidae Cromeria Cromeria nilotica Boulenger, 1901 Kromérie nilská Naked shellear Kromeeria Niiluse kromeeria 尼罗鱼 尼羅魚 Cromeria nilotica nilotica Boulenger, 1901 1992-03-17 2024-01-24 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Boulenger, G.A.0 Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume I. Printed by order of the Trustees, London. 373 p. (Ref. 1878) Boulenger, G.A.0 Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume IV. London. 392 p. (Ref. 1880) Daget, J. and A. Iltis0 Poissons de Côte d'Ivoire (eaux douces et saumâtres). Mém. I.F.A.N. 74:385 p. (Ref. 1989) Paugy, D.0 Cromeriidae. p. 187-188. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2912) Daget, J.0 La collection de poissons d'eau douce de l'I.F.A.N. Cat. I.F.A.N. 3:1-59. (Ref. 2998) Daget, J. and J.R. Durand0 Poissons. p. 687-771. In J.R. Durand and C. Lévêque (eds.) Flore et faune aquatiques de l'Afrique Sahelo-Soudanienne. Tome II. Éditions de l'ORSTOM, Coll. Init. Doc. Techn. 45: 391-873. (Ref. 3012) Poll, M.0 Cromeriidae. p. 134. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3566) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Bianco, P.0 Fish. p. 55-63. In L. Boitani (ed.) The Southern National Park. A master plan. Istituto di Zoologia, Facoltà di Scienze dell'Università di Roma (Italy). 220 p. (Ref. 4906) Sandon, H.0 An illustrated guide to the freshwater fishes of the Sudan. Sudan Notes Rec. suppl.25:1-61. (Ref. 4912) Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818) Bailey, R.G.0 Guide to the fishes of the River Nile in the Republic of the Sudan. J. Nat. Hist. 28:937-970. (Ref. 28714) Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402) Boulenger, G.A.0 Zoology of Egypt: the fishes of the Nile. Hugh Rees, Limited, London. 578p. (Ref. 31439) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Roman, B.0 La Haute-Volta carrefour ichthyologique. Not. Doc. Voltaïques 6(1):3-24. (Ref. 43442) Werner, F.0 Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der mit Unterstützung der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien aus der Erbschaft Treitl von F. Werner unternommenen zoologischen Expedition nach dem anglo-ägyptischen Sudan (Kordofan) 1914. IV. Bearbeitung der. Fische, Amphibien und Reptilien. Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien 96:437-509. (Ref. 43512) Werner, F.0 Ergebnisse der mit Subvention aus der Erbschaft Treitl unternommenen zoologischen Forschungsreise Dr. F. Werner's nach dem ägyptischen Sudan und Nord-Uganda. V. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Fischfauna des Nils. Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 115(7):1097-1158. (Ref. 43513) Pekkola, W.0 Notes on the habits, breeding and food of some White Nile fish. Sudan Notes Rec. 2(2):112-121. (Ref. 45962) Fowler, H.W.0 A catalog of world fishes (XX). Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 27(1-2):1-132. (Ref. 50584) Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddělení), Praha. (Ref. 51055) Moritz, T., R. Britz and K.E. Linsenmair0 <i>Cromeria nilotica</i> and <i>C. occidentalis</i>, two valid species of the African freshwater fish family Kneriidae (Teleostei: Gonorhynchiformes). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 17(1):65-72. (Ref. 57474) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Getahun, A.0 An overview of the diversity and conservation status of the Ethiopian freshwater fauna. J. Afrotrop. Zool. Special Issue:87-96. (Ref. 58460) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Paugy, D.0 Cromeriidae. p. 226-228. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81276) Boulenger, G.A.0 A list of the freshwater fishes of Africa. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (Ser. 7) 16: 36-60. (Ref. 83360) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Grande, T.0 Phylogeny and paedomorphosis in an African family of freshwater fishes (Gonorynchiformes: Kneriidae). Fieldiana 78:1-20. (Ref. 89095) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Boulenger, G.A.0 Diagnoses of new fishes discovered by Mr. W.L.S. Loat in the Nile. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (Ser. 7), 8(46):444-446. (Ref. 91348) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Termeki on Eesti Keele Instituudi0 Termeki on Eesti Keele Instituudi. http://term.eki.ee/termbase/view/7351963/ (Ref. 105574) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) FB-DiagnosticDescr-5225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Nicolas Bailly 2017-11-15 00:00:00 2012-08-29 19:57:05 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5225 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Diagnosis: pelvic fin origin well in front of anterior base of dorsal fin; preorbital stripe absent; caudal peduncle depth 10.1-12.9% of SL; dorsal precaudal fin fold more pronounced, reaching base of dorsal fin; 6-7 pectoral fin rays; 6 (rarely 7) pelvic fin rays; 3 (rarely 2) supernumerary rays in anal fin; 7 dorsal fin pterygiophores; 8+8 principal caudal fin rays; cephalic lateral line canals and supraorbital bone absent; parasphenoid slender, without foramina for internal carotid arteries; neural spine of 2nd vertebra long and slender, at least 2 times length of its vertebral centrum and similar in shape to subsequent neural spines (Ref. 57474).Description: body elongate, strongly laterally compressed, caudal peduncle depth nearly identical to body depth; scaleless; snout rounded; mouth inferior and in front of eyes, protractile, opening very small; lips unculiferous; jaws toothless; opercular opening reduced to a tiny semilunate orifice above pectoral fin base; deep precaudal fin fold extending anteriorly up to dorsal and anal fin bases; pelvic fin rays 6(-7) plus pelvic splint; 9-10 dorsal fin rays, including 2-3 supernumerary rays; 7 dorsal fin pterygiophores; 8-10 anal fin rays, including (2-)3 supernumerary rays; 6 (rarely 7) anal fin pterygiophores; caudal fin forked with 7-13 dorsal procurrent rays, 8 upper and 8 lower principal rays and 8-12 procurrent ventral rays; 41-45 vertebrae, 27-29 abdominal and 13-16 caudal; ribs on all abdominal vertebrae except first 2; 3 branchiostegal rays (Ref. 57474). Cranium with many pecularities, mainly due to the enormous size of the brain (Ref. 31439). Details on osteology in Moritz et al 2006 (Ref. 57474) and Swinnerton 1903; detailed skull morphology in Boulenger 1907 (Ref. 31439) and Gregory 1933.Coloration: in alcohol: overall light brown background color caused by preservation of musculature with myosepta clearly visible; no marks on flanks except a narrow horizontal stripe along horizontal septum extending from level of posterior dorsal fin base to caudal peduncle; numerous small spots along dorsum, densest on dorsal precaudal fin fold; smaller chromatophores surrounding base of caudal fin; scattered chromatophores on dorsal part of head, and lining fin rays of dorsal fin, present also at base of anal fin and at upper and lower most parts of caudal fin; occasionally with individual spots on opercular region; rarely with well marked black stripe along entire horizontal septum and with dorsal flanks densely covered with brown spots, individual spots also below midline, dark spots on pelvic, dorsal and base of anal fin, and a few chromatophores on ventral midline between anal and pelvic fins (Ref. 57474). Live coloration unknown, but probably colorless translucent with the above mentioned dark marks (Ref. 57474). Moritz, T., R. Britz and K.E. Linsenmair 2006 <i>Cromeria nilotica</i> and <i>C. occidentalis</i>, two valid species of the African freshwater fish family Kneriidae (Teleostei: Gonorhynchiformes). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 17(1):65-72. (Ref. 57474) FB-Morphology-5225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Nicolas Bailly 2017-11-15 00:00:00 2012-08-29 19:57:05 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5225 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 10; Analsoft rays: 9 - 10; Vertebrae: 41 - 45 Moritz, T., R. Britz and K.E. Linsenmair 2006 <i>Cromeria nilotica</i> and <i>C. occidentalis</i>, two valid species of the African freshwater fish family Kneriidae (Teleostei: Gonorhynchiformes). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 17(1):65-72. (Ref. 57474) FB-Distribution-5225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tess Cruz 1992-03-17 00:00:00 2022-08-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5225 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Africa: Upper White Nile basin in South Sudan (Ref. 28714, 57474) and Ethiopia (Ref. 58460). Moritz, T., R. Britz and K.E. Linsenmair 2006 <i>Cromeria nilotica</i> and <i>C. occidentalis</i>, two valid species of the African freshwater fish family Kneriidae (Teleostei: Gonorhynchiformes). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 17(1):65-72. (Ref. 57474) FB-Size-5225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tess Cruz 1992-03-17 00:00:00 2024-01-24 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5225 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 2.9 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 81276)) Paugy, D. 2003 Cromeriidae. p. 226-228. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81276) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-5225 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tess Cruz 1992-03-17 00:00:00 2024-01-24 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5225 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat benthopelagic; freshwater