<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><response xmlns="http://www.eol.org/transfer/content/0.1"
	xmlns:xsd="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
	xmlns:dc="https://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	xmlns:dcterms="https://purl.org/dc/terms/"
	xmlns:geo="https://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#"
	xmlns:dwc="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/dwcore/"
	xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.eol.org/transfer/content/0.1 http://services.eol.org/schema/content_0_2.xsd">
<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-5156</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5156</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Perciformes/Zoarcoidei</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Zoarcidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Melanostigma</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Melanostigma pammelas Gilbert, 1896</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Black eelpout</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Midwater eelpout</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Pacific softpout</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>太平洋黑綿鳚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>太平洋黑绵鳚</commonName>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-05</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-02-28</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2120&amp;speccode=5156'>Thurston, R.V. and P.C. Gehrke0 Respiratory oxygen requirements of fishes: description of OXYREF, a data file based on test results reported in the published literature. p. 95-108. In R.C. Russo &amp; R.V. Thurston (eds.) Fish Physiology, Toxicology, and Water Quality Management. Proceedings of an International Symposium, Sacramento, California, USA, September 18-19, 1990. US Environmental Protection Agency EPA/600/R-93/157. (Ref. 2120)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2354&amp;speccode=5156'>Belman, B.W. and M.S. Gordon0 Comparative studies on the metabolism of shallow-water and deep-sea marine fishes. V. Effects of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on oxygen consumption in the mesopelagic zoarcid &lt;i&gt;Melanostigma pammelas&lt;/i&gt;. Mar. Biol. 50:275-281. (Ref. 2354)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-395-26873-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2850&amp;speccode=5156'>Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann0 A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6876&amp;speccode=5156'>Quast, J.C. and E.L. Hall0 List of fishes of Alaska and adjacent waters with a guide to some of their literature. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-658, 47 p. (Ref. 6876)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-660-10459-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6885&amp;speccode=5156'>Hart, J.L.0 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7182&amp;speccode=5156'>Hubbs, C.L., W.I. Follett and L.J. Dempster0 List of the fishes of California. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA, No. 133, 51 p. (Ref. 7182)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=10937&amp;speccode=5156'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the University of British Columbia Fish Museum Fish Museum. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. (Ref. 10937)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11366&amp;speccode=5156'>Evermann, B.W. and E.L. Goldsborough0 The fishes of Alaska. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 26: 219-360. (Ref. 11366)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11368&amp;speccode=5156'>Grinols, R.B.0 Check-list of the offshore marine fishes occurring in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, principally off the coasts of British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. M. Sc. Thesis. Univ. Wash., USA. 217 p. (Ref. 11368)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11458&amp;speccode=5156'>Gilbert, C.H.0 The ichthyological collections of the streamer 'Albatross' during the years 1890 and 1891. Rep. U.S. Comm. Fish. 19: 393-476. (Ref. 11458)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11756&amp;speccode=5156'>Gilbert, C.H.0 Fishes collected by the United States Fisheries steamer 'Albatross' in Southern California in 1904. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 48: 305-380. (Ref. 11756)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11954&amp;speccode=5156'>Anderson, M.E.0 Systematics and osteology of the Zoarcidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Ichthyol. Bull. J.L.B. Smith Inst. Ichthyol. 60:120 p. (Ref. 11954)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26282&amp;speccode=5156'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Special Publication, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 3 vols. 2905 p. (Ref. 26282)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=5156'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33624&amp;speccode=5156'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Centro Interdisiplinario de Ciencias Marinas. Centro Interdisiplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR), La Paz, Mexico. (Ref. 33624)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=5156'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40919&amp;speccode=5156'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41039&amp;speccode=5156'>Grey, M.0 The distribution of fishes found below a depth of 2000 meters. Fieldiana (Zool.) 36(2):75-337. (Ref. 41039)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=5156'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=42125&amp;speccode=5156'>Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal British Columbia Museum. Royal British Columbia Museum, 675 Belleville Street, Victoria BC, Canada V8V 1X4. (Ref. 42125)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51665&amp;speccode=5156'>Anderson, M.E. and V.V. Fedorov0 Family Zoarcidae Swainson 1839. Eelpouts. Calif. Acad. Sci. Annotated Checklists of Fishes (34):58. (Ref. 51665)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58018&amp;speccode=5156'>Bogutskaya, N.G.0 Preliminary assignment of coordinates to type localities in the Catalog of Fishes. Unpublished dbf file. (Ref. 58018)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=5156'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=82347&amp;speccode=5156'>Childress, J.J. and M.H. Nygaard0 The chemical composition of midwater fishes as a function of depth of ccurrence off southern California. Deep-Sea Res. 20:1093-1109. (Ref. 82347)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=132372&amp;speccode=5156'>Guo, Z. and N. Bailly0 Length-weight relationships of marine fishes using preserved specimens: a contribution of the UBC Beaty Biodiversity Museum Fish Collection. p. 23-42. In D. Pauly and V. Ruiz-Leotaud (eds). Marine and Freshwater Miscellanea V. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 32(4). Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. (Ref. 132372)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=5156'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-5156</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-02-28 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5156</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Occurs in deep coastal waters (Ref. 2850).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11954&amp;speccode=5156'>Anderson, M.E. 1994 Systematics and osteology of the Zoarcidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Ichthyol. Bull. J.L.B. Smith Inst. Ichthyol. 60:120 p. (Ref. 11954)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-5156</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-09-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1999-03-29 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5156</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Variable in color, black on head and abdomen, brownish elsewhere (Ref. 6885).  Living color sometimes silvery blue (Ref. 6885).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='0-660-10459-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6885&amp;speccode=5156'>Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-5156</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-09-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1999-03-29 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5156</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 84 - 88;  Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 69 - 75</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='0-660-10459-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6885&amp;speccode=5156'>Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-5156</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-12-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5156</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Northeast Pacific:  Queen Charlotte Islands in British Columbia, Canada to central Mexico.  Records from Alaska are erroneous (Ref. 11458).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='0-395-26873-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2850&amp;speccode=5156'>Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann 1983 A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-5156</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-02-28 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5156</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>30.4 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 41039))</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41039&amp;speccode=5156'>Grey, M. 1956 The distribution of fishes found below a depth of 2000 meters. Fieldiana (Zool.) 36(2):75-337. (Ref. 41039)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-5156</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-02-28 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5156</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>bathypelagic; marine; depth range 450 - ? m (Ref. 82347), usually 699 - ? m (Ref. 58018)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=82347&amp;speccode=5156'>Childress, J.J. and M.H. Nygaard 1973 The chemical composition of midwater fishes as a function of depth of ccurrence off southern California. Deep-Sea Res. 20:1093-1109. (Ref. 82347)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58018&amp;speccode=5156'>Bogutskaya, N.G. 2007 Preliminary assignment of coordinates to type localities in the Catalog of Fishes. Unpublished dbf file. (Ref. 58018)</reference></dataObject>
</taxon>
</response>