FB-5011 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5011 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Myliobatiformes Myliobatidae Aetomylaeus Aetomylaeus bovinus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) Bispo Papa Peixe-bispo Ratao bovino Ratão-bispo Bulrog Pylstert Maran býčí Rejnok kačení Falcone Afrikansk ørnerokke Afrikanischer Adlerrochen Afrikanischer gefleckter Adlerrochen Entenschnabelrochen Gestreifter Adlerrochen Bull ray Bullray Duckbill Duckbill ray Eagle ray Harilik sõnnrai Juovakotkarausku Aigle vachette Aigle-vachette Mourine Mourine évêque Mourine évêque bovine Mourine vachette Raie aigle Cukan Golub cukan Golub ćukan Bugghiu Colombo Colombo di mare Ferraccia Matan Muggiu Nottola Orineglia Oxella Patesse Stramasso Tattarita Tistuni Vaccarella Vaccariella Vacche Vascarella Vescovo Ghasfur Hamiema Hamiema rasha twila Tajra Korocka Folya Folya balığı Fulya balığı Ndiaouatt Ndiaouratt Soukel Arzobispo Bon Jesús Chucho Chucho vaca Milá Obispo Peje obispo Pez obispo Ratón Bon Jesús Gangan Rynchaetopsaro Tchissibissi Vleermuisadelaarsrog Αετός Ρυγχαετόψαρο Χελιδόνα Χελιδόνι 横纹前鳍鲼 橫紋前鰭鱝 非洲鱝 非洲鲼 Aetomylaeus huletti Smith, 1953 Aetomylus huletti Smith, 1953 Myliobates episcopus Valenciennes, 1844 Myliobatis bonaparti Duméril, 1865 Myliobatis bovina Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817 Pteromylaeus bovinus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) 1992-02-11 2015-11-23 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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Dimarchopoulou0 Exploitation and conservation status of the thornback ray (<i>Raja clavata</i>) in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean). Fishes 8(2):117. (Ref. 132125) FB-GeneralDescr-5011 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2015-11-23 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5011 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Found in coastal tropical and warm temperate waters, occasionally offshore. Sometimes found in small groups (Ref. 5578). Feed on bottom-living crustaceans and mollusks. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449), aplacental (Ref. 57025). Prized angling fish, often released (Ref. 5578). Flesh highly esteemed (Ref. 3965). White, W.T. 2014 A revised generic arrangement for the eagle ray family Myliobatidae, with definitions for the valid genera. Zootaxa 3860(2):149-166. (Ref. 97392) FB-DiagnosticDescr-5011 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-27 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5011 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Long, flat, rounded snout like a duck's bill; head thick and pectoral disc with sharply curved, angular corners; upper or lower jaw; usually with 7 rows of flat teeth (Ref. 5578). Light brown with several pale blue-grey stripes (may be absent) dorsally, white ventrally (Ref. 5578). Compagno, L.J.V., D.A. Ebert and M.J. Smale 1989 Guide to the sharks and rays of southern Africa. New Holland (Publ.) Ltd., London. 158 p. (Ref. 5578) FB-Distribution-5011 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2024-06-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5011 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Eastern Atlantic: Portugal and Morocco to Angola, including the Mediterranean, Madeira and the Canary Islands; then from Saldanha Bay to Natal (South Africa) and southern Mozambique (Ref. 5578). McEachran, J.D. and B. Séret 1990 Myliobatididae. p. 67-70. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4440) FB-Uses-5011 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2015-11-23 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5011 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes Schneider, W. 1990 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. Rome: FAO. 268 p. (Ref. 2683) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) FB-LifeCycle-5011 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2015-11-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=5011&StockCode=5245 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Gestation about 6 months; 3-7 young produced (Ref. 5578). Size at birth 45 cm WD (Ref. 6677). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-5011 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-09-21 00:00:00 2020-09-28 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public bovinus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Semipelagic (Ref. 122907), found in coastal tropical and warm temperate waters (Refs. 5578, 122907), occasionally offshore (Ref. 5578). Also found in lagoons and estuaries (Ref. 122907). Sometimes found in small groups (Ref. 5578). Feeds on fish (Ref. 5578), on bottom-living crustaceans and mollusks (Ref. 57025). Compagno, L.J.V., D.A. Ebert and M.J. Smale 1989 Guide to the sharks and rays of southern Africa. New Holland (Publ.) Ltd., London. 158 p. (Ref. 5578) FB-Size-5011 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2015-11-23 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5011 222 cm WD (female); max. published weight: 116.0 kg (Ref. 85836) Lipej, L., B. Mavrić and J. Dulčić 2009 Size of the bull ray, <i>Pteromylaeus bovinus</i> (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817), from the northern Adriatic. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25(Suppl.1):103-105. (Ref. 85836) Lipej, L., B. Mavrić and J. Dulčić 2009 Size of the bull ray, <i>Pteromylaeus bovinus</i> (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817), from the northern Adriatic. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25(Suppl.1):103-105. (Ref. 85836) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-5011 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2015-11-23 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5011 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats benthopelagic; brackish; marine; depth range 10 - 150 m (Ref. 6808) Brito, A. 1991 Catalogo de los pesces de las Islas Canarias. Francisco Lemus, la Laguna. 230 p. (Ref. 6808)