FB-4830 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4830 Animalia Chordata Cladistii Polypteriformes Polypteridae Erpetoichthys Erpetoichthys calabaricus Smith, 1865 Bichir kalabarský Bichirek úhořovitý Panserål Flösselaal Mujanjé Munjonjô Muyonjô Reed Reedfish Ropefish Sailfin Snake Fish Snakefish Putkkala Käärmekala Bano Fenål Öronål Adagba Lakisa Woyi Agbaroko Korotuwugboru Ogboro 苇栖多鳍鱼 葦棲多鰭魚 Calamichthys calabarica (Smith, 1865) Calamichthys calabaricus (Smith, 1865) Calamoichthys calabaricus (Smith, 1865) Calanichthys calabaricus (Smith, 1865) Erpetoichthys calabaris (Smith, 1865) Erpetoichthys robbianus Smith, 1865 Herpetoichthys calabaricus (Smith, 1865) Polypterus erpetoideus Smith, 1865 1991-12-18 2015-05-07 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Wheeler, A.0 Das grosse Buch der Fische. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co. Stuttgart. 356 p. (Ref. 557) Riehl, R. and H.A. 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Copeia 1975(1):119-123. (Ref. 42827) Bader, R.0 Eine Schlange im Aquarium? Der Flösselaal "schlängelt" sich bei Gefahr davon. Aq. Mag. 6(7):304-305. (Ref. 42847) Cihar, J.0 Revision der Fische der Familie Polypteridae aus den Sammlungen des Senckenberg-Museums in Frankfurt am Main. Senckenb. Biol. 53(3/4):219-223. (Ref. 42848) Ostermöller, W.0 Der Flösselaal. Aq. Mag. 6(1):32-33. (Ref. 42849) Fowler, H.W.0 A catalog of world fishes (XIV). Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 24(1-2):1-58. (Ref. 42855) Munk, O.0 The eye of <i>Calamoichthys calabaricus</i> Smith, 1865 (Polypteridae, Pisces) compared with the eye of other fishes. Vidensk. Medd. fra Dansk naturh. Foren. 127:113-125. (Ref. 42866) Frade, F.0 Linhas gerais da distribuição geográfica dos vertebrados em Angola. Mem. Junta Invest. Ultramar 43:241-257. (Ref. 42870) Angel, F.0 Atlas des poissons. IV. Poissons des eaux douces. Espèces exotiques et d'ornement. Aquariophilie. Éditions N. Boubée et Cie., Paris:181 p. 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Ryby a rybovití obratlovci (Pisces) II., nozdratí (Sarcopterygii), paprskoploutví (Actinopterygii) [chrupavčití (Chondrostei), kostnatí (Neopterygii): kostlíni (Semionotiformes) - bezostní (Clupeiformes)]. Národní muzeum (zoologické odděleí), Praha. (Ref. 51054) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Vivien, J.0 Faune du Cameroun. Guide des mammifères et poissons. GICAM et Ministère de la Coopération et du Développement, Yaoundé/Paris. 271 p. (Ref. 51193) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Visser, S.A.0 Preimpoundment features of the Kainji area and their possible influence on the ecology of the newly formed lake. p. 590-595. In W.C. Ackermann, G.F. White and E.B. Worthington (eds.) Man-made lakes: their problems and environmental effects. AGU Geophys. Monogr. 17. 847 p. (Ref. 52077) Teugels, G.G., G. McG. Reid and R.P. King0 Fishes of the Cross River basin (Cameroon-Nigeria) taxonomy, zoogeography, ecology and conservation. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent., Sci. Zool., 266:132p. (Ref. 53784) Lalèyè, P., A. Chikou, J.-C. Philippart, G. Teugels and P. Vandewalle0 Étude de la diversité ichthyologique du bassin du fleuve Ouémé au Bénin (Afrique de L'Ouest). Cybium 28(4):329-339. (Ref. 55411) Lalèyè, P.A.0 Length-weight and length-length relationships of fishes from the Ouémé River in Bénin (West Africa). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:330-333. (Ref. 57961) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Britz, R. and R. Roesler0 <i>Erpetoichthys calabricus</i>. Flösselaale erstmals nachgezogen. D.A.T.Z. 61(8):10-15. (Ref. 78138) Gosse, J.P. and J. Daget0 Polypteridae. p. 101-112. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81263) Britz, R.0 Polypteridae. p. 168-173. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81628) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Offem, B.O., Y.A. Samsons and I.T. Omoniyi0 Reproductive aspects of common freshwater fishes in the Cross River, Nigeria. J. Anim. Pl. Sci. 18(4):130-138. (Ref. 85170) Schäfer, F.0 <i>Polypterus</i>. Flösselhechte Bichirs. Verlag A.C.S. GmbH (Aqualog), Rodgau, Germany. 175p. (Ref. 88113) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Pihu, E.0 Loomade elu 4. köide. Kalad. Pihu, E. 1979. Loomade Elu, 4. Köide, Kalad. Valgus, Tallinn. (Ref. 105472) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Offem, B.O., Y.A. Samsons and I.T. Omoniyi0 Length-weight relationship, condition factor and sex ratio of forty six important fishes in a tropical flood river. Res. J. Fish Hydro. 4(2):65-72. (Ref. 118485) Aniekan, N.A., M.T. Udo, I.I. Brownson, O.I. Obot and I.E. Ekpo0 Population dynamics of Calabar snakefish (= reed fish), <i>Erpetoichthys calabaricus</i> (Teleostei: Polypteridae)(Smith, 1866) at Ibikpe Creek in Uruan, Nigeria. Journal of Wetlands and Waste Management 4(1):66-77. (Ref. 129606) FB-GeneralDescr-4830 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-12-18 00:00:00 2015-05-07 22:14:24 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4830 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Found in slow flowing rivers and standing waters (Ref. 557). Apparently restricted to reedy habitats (Ref. 42768). It moves snake-wise over the bottom, but it can also side-wind quite rapidly through the water (Ref. 42873). Feeds at night on worms, crustaceans and insects (Ref. 7020). Able to breathe air and thus can tolerate low oxygen concentrations. Larvae have external gills and resemble salamander larvae (Ref. 557). The maximum size of 90 cm TL (Ref. 3188) is probably erroneous; the largest size in collections is 37 cm (Ref. 78138). Britz, R. 2007 Polypteridae. p. 168-173. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81628) FB-DiagnosticDescr-4830 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Maria Lourdes D. Palomares 1992-03-02 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4830 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Diagnosis: The dorsal fin is composed of a series of well-separated spines each supporting one or several articulated rays and a membrane (Ref. 42791). Erpetoichthys calabaricus is distinguished from all Polypterus species by its very elongated, anguilliform body and the absence of ventral fin and subopercle (Ref. 2835, 42768, 81263).Description: Body extremely elongate and anguilliform; subcylindrical, the height of which is comprised up to 24 times in standard length and head length 11 to 14 times in standard length (Ref. 2835, 42768, 42908, 81263, 81628). Head without subopercle, very faintly flattened, 1,6 to 2 times longer than broad; upper jaw prominent (Ref. 2835, 42908, 81263). Eye lateral, its diameter comprised 7,5 to 8,5 times in head length (Ref. 2835, 81263, 81628). Pelvic fins and girdle absent (Ref. 81628). Dorsal fin with 7-13 fin rays, largely separated from the others; anal fin with 9-14 rays; ventral fin absent (Ref. 2835, 42908, 81263, 81628). Body covered with rhombic ganoid scales (Ref. 42791): 106-114 in lateral line, 30-34 around body, 28-33 predorsal scales, 48-51 prepelvic scales; lateral line scales simply perforated (Ref. 2835, 42908, 81263, 81628).Colouration: In alcohol, colour is uniformly olive brown on the back and upper part of the flanks, whitish to beige on belly (Ref. 2835, 81263, 81628). A broad dark spot on pectoral fins, extending almost to the tip of the fin rays (Ref. 2835, 81263, 81628). Gosse, J.P. and J. Daget 2003 Polypteridae. p. 101-112. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81263) FB-Morphology-4830 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Maria Lourdes D. Palomares 1992-03-02 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4830 Dorsal spines (total): 7 - 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 9 - 14; Vertebrae: 110 - 113 Gosse, J.P. and J. Daget 2003 Polypteridae. p. 101-112. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81263) FB-Distribution-4830 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-12-17 00:00:00 2023-11-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4830 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Africa: coastal species, inhabiting river estuaries from Ouémé River in Benin to Sanaga River in Cameroon (Ref. 53784, 81628). Also reported from the Chiloango River (Ref. 1878, 2835, 3188, 42870, 43033, 81263), but this record needs confirmation and needs to be supported by additional material evidence (Ref. 53784, 81628). Britz, R. 2007 Polypteridae. p. 168-173. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81628) FB-Uses-4830 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-12-18 00:00:00 2015-05-07 22:14:24 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4830 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial Mills, D. and G. Vevers 1989 The Tetra encyclopedia of freshwater tropical aquarium fishes. Tetra Press, New Jersey. 208 p. (Ref. 7020) FB-LifeCycle-4830 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Christine Marie V. Casal 1991-12-18 00:00:00 2015-05-07 22:14:24 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=4830&StockCode=5060 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Parallel swimming courtship; female deposits few eggs between anal fins of male, where they are fertilized and then scattered in vegetation where they immediately stick to substrate. This procedure is repeated many times. Eggs are 2.1-2.6 mm in diameter. Larvae hatch after 70 hours but remain attached to vegetation; 22 days after hatching the yolk sac is absorbed and larvae start feeding. Britz, R. and R. Roesler 2008 <i>Erpetoichthys calabricus</i>. Flösselaale erstmals nachgezogen. D.A.T.Z. 61(8):10-15. (Ref. 78138) FB-TrophicStrategy-4830 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-11-08 00:00:00 2002-07-16 18:52:22 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public calabaricus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Erpetoichthys is apparently restricted to reedy habitats (Ref. 42768). Found near river mouths; feeds at night on worms, crustaceans and insects (Ref. 7020). Gosse, J.-P. 1990 Polypteridae. p. 79-87. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome 1. Coll. Faune Trop. n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren and Éditions de l'ORSTOM, Paris. 384 p. (Ref. 2835) FB-Size-4830 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-12-18 00:00:00 2015-05-07 22:14:24 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4830 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses 37.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 81628)) Britz, R. 2007 Polypteridae. p. 168-173. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81628) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-4830-733 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-11-18 00:00:00 2003-11-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4830&StockCode=5060 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Bacterial Infections (general). Bacterial diseases Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Habitat-4830 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-12-18 00:00:00 2015-05-07 22:14:24 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4830 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats demersal; freshwater; brackish; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19; depth range 0 - ? m (Ref. 557) Wheeler, A. 1977 Das grosse Buch der Fische. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co. Stuttgart. 356 p. (Ref. 557)