FB-4747 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Acanthuriformes Acanthuridae Acanthurus Acanthurus nigricauda Duncker & Mohr, 1929 Cirurgião graduado Epaulet-doktervis Gurisan Pata Epaulet-kirurgfisk Black-barred surgeonfish Blackstreak surgeonfish Epaulette surgeon Epaulette surgeonfish Epaullete surgeonfish Eye-line surgeon Eyeline surgeonfish Eye-line surgeonfish Shoulderbar surgeonfish Surgeonfish Mustklapp-kirurgkala Balagi Balagi naba Dridri Jila Tila Chirurgien à queue blanche Chirurgien à virgule noire Oturi Pugpugot 양쥐돔 Aelmeej Barat-barat Debam Debam palit hitam Dengkis Pone-i'usina Oturi Dabahita Indangan Labahita Saging-saging Samarel Bagis Dodoh Havani Iga bili igu pura Kalu orava Kapalagi Komang Kuu wadu Ma'ito Maomao Meito Palagi Palangi Patupatu pō Pilo-pilo Saplan Tudlo-an Yefal 倒吊 粗皮仔 黑尾刺尾魚 黑尾刺尾鯛 黑尾刺尾鱼 黑尾刺尾鲷 Acanthurus gahhm (non Forsskål, 1775) Acanthurus gahm nigricauda Duncker & Mohr, 1929 Acanthurus nigricans (non Linnaeus, 1758) Acanthurus nigricauada Duncker & Mohr, 1929 Acanthurus nigricaudus Duncker & Mohr, 1929 1991-11-26 2023-06-15 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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Bishop Museum Press: Honolulu, HI, USA p. 41. (Ref. 131529) Muallil, R.N., A.M. Tambihasan, M.J. Enojario, R.T. Tarabasa, A.A. Habibuddin, A.S. Injani, M.A.T. Ammang, A.S. Aksa and C.L. Nañola Jr.0 Data on the length-weight relationship of 161 species of commercially important coral reef fishes in Tawi-Tawi islands, Southern Philippines. Data in Brief 50. (Ref. 132177) Béarez, P. and L. Bouffandeau0 Fishing for survival: The forgotten slaves of Tromelin Island (Indian Ocean). Int J Osteoarchaeol. 29:487-498. (Ref. 137464) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-4747-9683 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-05 2008-10-22 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_u5.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Acnig_u5.jpg FB-pic-4747-11801 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-08-27 2000-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_u3.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Acnig_u3.gif FB-pic-4747-27439 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 2000-08-29 2000-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_uj.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Acnig_uj.jpg FB-pic-4747-37218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 2003-04-09 2005-07-22 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_u4.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Acnig_u4.gif FB-GeneralDescr-4747 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2023-06-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Occurs in clear lagoon and seaward reefs around isolated coral heads. Solitary or in small groups (Ref. 90102). Prefers sandy bottoms of bays and lagoons rather than the coral reefs like most other Acanthuridae. The species is sometimes poisonous (Ref. 4795). Caught with nets (Ref. 30573). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797. Randall, J.E. 1987 Three nomenclatorial changes in Indo-Pacific surgeonfishes (Acanthurinae). Pac. Sci. 41(1-4):54-61. (Ref. 1921) FB-DiagnosticDescr-4747 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2013-04-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Color in life dark brown without lines on body or spots on head (one phase is purplish grey); horizontal black band behind upper gill opening absent on juveniles Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene 1990 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334) FB-Morphology-4747 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2013-04-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 25 - 28; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 23 - 26 Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene 1990 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334) FB-Distribution-4747 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 Indo-Pacific: East Africa, including the Mascarene Islands (Ref. 37792) to the Tuamoto Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to southern Great Barrier Reef. Not occurring in the Red Sea. Randall, J.E. 1956 A revision of the surgeonfish genus <i>Acanthurus</i>. Pac. Sci. 10(2):159-235. (Ref. 1920) FB-Uses-4747 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2023-06-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III 1990 Dr. Burgess's atlas of marine aquarium fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. 768 p. FB-LifeCycle-4747 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2023-06-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=4747&StockCode=4971 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Probably spawn in pairs (Ref. 240). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-4747 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 2000-03-02 00:00:00 2008-05-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public nigricauda http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Occurs in clear lagoon and seaward reefs around isolated coral heads. Prefers sandy bottoms of bays and lagoons rather than the coral reefs like most other Acanthuridae. Herbivorous (Ref. 43650). Stomach is muscular and gizzard-like. Principal food items are benthic sediments and filamentous microalgae (Ref. 5543). Thresher, R.E. and P.L. Colin 1986 Trophic structure, diversity and abundance of fishes of the deep reef (30-300 m) at Enewetak, Marshall Islands. Bull. Mar. Sci. 38(1):253-272. (Ref. 33482) FB-Size-4747 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2023-06-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 45.3 cm FL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 125599)); max. published weight: 2,736 g (Ref. 125599) Matthews, T., D. Ochavillo, S. Felise, T. Letalie, E. Letuane, E. Schuster, A. Soonaolo, S. Tofaeono, A. Tua and F. Tuilagi 2019 Length-weight relationships for 71 reef and bottomfish species from Tutuila and Aunu'u, American Samoa. Pacific Islands Fish. Sci. Cent. Admin. Rep. H-19-03, 9 p. (Ref. 125599) Matthews, T., D. Ochavillo, S. Felise, T. Letalie, E. Letuane, E. Schuster, A. Soonaolo, S. Tofaeono, A. Tua and F. Tuilagi 2019 Length-weight relationships for 71 reef and bottomfish species from Tutuila and Aunu'u, American Samoa. Pacific Islands Fish. Sci. Cent. Admin. Rep. H-19-03, 9 p. (Ref. 125599) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-4747 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2023-06-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4747 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size reef-associated; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 30 m (Ref. 9710), usually 2 - 15 m (Ref. 27115) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) Baensch, H.A. and H. Debelius 1997 SF457.1 .B3513 1994 Mergus Verlag GmbH, Postfach 86, 49302, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. 3rd edition. (Ref. 27115)