FB-4700 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Mugiliformes Mugilidae Osteomugil Osteomugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) Tainha de barbatana grande Langarm-harder Maid Balanak Gisaw Langfinnet multe Longarm mullet Longfin grey mullet Longfin mullet Longfin-mullet Long-finned mullet Mud mullet Mullet Roundhead mullet Round-head mullet Round-headed mullet Wedge snout mullet Muge Mulet Mulet longue aile Buntis Bentek Gereh Gereh kodok Nan-yô-bora Bhadvi Boi बोइ भादवी Anding Belanak Belanak anding Belanak bakau Belanak kedera Belanak kodok Belanak putih Chia hu Jempol Kadar Kedera Kedera sayap panjang Kemurak Loban Caanood Mkizi Avelemeen அவீலீமீன் அவிலி மீன் Kunnesee కున్నీసీ  Banak Talilong Cá döi Cá Đối đầu nhọn Cá dúi Lisa de aleta larga Banak Dhuraay-dhuraay Lisas Lul-luran Mulet Thac Yaanit Yanit 科氏鯔 科氏鲻 長鰭凡鯔 鱭魚 长鳍凡鲻 鱭魚 Liza strongylocephalus (Richardson, 1846) Moolgarda cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) Mugil amarulus Valenciennes, 1836 Mugil atherinoides Duncker & Mohr, 1926 Mugil cunnesius Valenciennes, 1836 Mugil kelaarti Günther, 1861 Mugil kelaartii Günther, 1861 Mugil longimanus Günther, 1861 Mugil ophuiseni Bleeker, 1858 Mugil ophuysenii Bleeker, 1858 Mugil strongylocephalus Richardson, 1846 Myxus cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) Valamugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) 1991-11-04 2023-12-01 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Vacun_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Vacun_u1.gif FB-pic-4700-23242 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-06-17 2018-10-12 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Vacun_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Vacun_u0.jpg FB-pic-4700-23243 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-06-17 2010-07-22 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Vacun_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Vacun_u1.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-4700 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-11-04 00:00:00 2023-12-01 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 Occur in shallow coastal waters, including estuaries and backwaters, frequently enters freshwater. Form larger aggregations during spawning which takes place at sea. Young individuals enter tidal rivers. Feed on organic matter contained in sand and mud (Ref. 30573). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Marketed fresh and salted. Decays rapidly, but well liked when fresh. Thomson, J.M. 1984 Mugilidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 3. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2830) FB-DiagnosticDescr-4700 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-05-18 00:00:00 2023-12-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Description: Body spear-shaped from side and wedge-shaped in cross-section (Ref. 52193). Head obtusely pointed; eyes latero-ventral more visible from below; mouth terminal; maxilla exposed when shut, upper jaw notched for median process on lower jaw, posterior tip of upper jaw hidden when mouth closed; lips thin; teeth small, villiform; eyes lateral with well developed adipose eyelids (Ref. 2109, 52193). Dorsal fin with 4 spines, 2 unbranched and 7-8 branched rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 9 soft rays; scaly process at base of first dorsal fin; origin of second dorsal fin behind origin of anal fin; pectoral fins set at declined angle to body, 86-97% of head length, reaching beyond eye when folded forward, and reaching below origin of first dorsal fin with axillary scale nearly half the length of fin (Ref. 2109, 52193). Scales in lateral series 30-43, scales with membranous digitated hind margin (Ref. 2109).Colouration: Colour greenish-grey dorsally, sides silvery; second dorsal and anal fin with black margins (Ref. 9812). Faint longitudinal stripes along upper scale rows (Ref. 52193). Bathia, U. and T. Wongratana 1974 Mugilidae. In W. Fischer and P.J.P. Whitehead (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Indian Ocean (fishing area 57) and Western Central Pacific (Fishing Area 71). Volume 3. [var. pag.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2109) FB-Morphology-4700 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-05-18 00:00:00 2023-12-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 4 - 5; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 10; Analspines: 2 - 3; Analsoft rays: 9 Bathia, U. and T. Wongratana 1974 Mugilidae. In W. Fischer and P.J.P. Whitehead (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Indian Ocean (fishing area 57) and Western Central Pacific (Fishing Area 71). Volume 3. [var. pag.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2109) FB-Distribution-4700 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-11-04 00:00:00 2025-03-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Indo-West Pacific (Ref. 4393), including African east coast river estuaries as far south as Algoa Bay, South Africa (Ref. 52193). Recorded as far inland as Zimbabwe on the Save River (Ref. 52193). Smith, M.M. and J.L.B. Smith 1986 Mugilidae. p. 714-720. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4393) FB-Uses-4700 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-11-04 00:00:00 2023-12-01 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases fisheries: commercial; bait: usually Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833) van der Elst, R. 1993 A guide to the common sea fishes of southern Africa. (3rd Ed.). Struik Publishers, Cape Town. 398 p. (Ref. 12484) FB-Migration-4700 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-11-04 00:00:00 2023-12-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Catadromous. Migrating from freshwater to the sea to spawn, e.g., European eels. Subdivision of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. McDowall, R.M. 1988 Diadromy in fishes: migrations between freshwater and marine environments. Croom Helm, London. (Ref. 26213) FB-TrophicStrategy-4700 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1996-11-26 00:00:00 2008-10-28 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public cunnesius http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Occur in shallow coastal waters, including estuaries and backwaters, frequently enters freshwater. Form larger aggregations during spawning which takes place at sea. Young individuals enter tidal rivers. Feed on organic matter contained in sand and mud (Ref. 30573); also microalgae and detritus (Ref. 11889). Gill-raker filaments were found in the stomach captured using gill net. Mullets struggle to be free of the constricting meshes, food is often regurgitated at an early stage, subsequent gasping of oxygen would then easily cause gill-rakers, broken loose in the struggle, to be swalowed (Ref. 74739). Thollot, P. 1996 Les poissons de mangrove du lagon sud-ouest de Nouvelle-Calédonie. ORSTOM Éditions, Paris. (Ref. 11889) FB-Size-4700 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-11-04 00:00:00 2023-12-01 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 41.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 52193)) Skelton, P.H. 2001 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Struik Publishers, 395 p. (Ref. 52193) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-4700 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-11-04 00:00:00 2023-12-01 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4700 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats demersal; catadromous (Ref. 26213); freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 3 m (Ref. 86942) McDowall, R.M. 1988 Diadromy in fishes: migrations between freshwater and marine environments. Croom Helm, London. (Ref. 26213) Fricke, R., M. Kulbicki and L. Wantiez 2011 Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 4:341-463. (Ref. 86942)