FB-4542 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4542 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Eupercaria/misc Sparidae Polysteganus Polysteganus undulosus (Regan, 1908) Dentuçao manchado Escocês-de-pinta Vier-en-sewentig Plettet havrude Seventy-four Seventyfour seabream Seventy-four seabream Kalju-kiltuim Denté maculé зубан полосатый Dentón manchado Dentón ocelado 波紋擬牙鯛 波紋牙鯛 波纹拟牙鲷 波纹牙鲷 Dentex undulosus Regan, 1908 1991-07-19 2021-07-19 Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. (Ref. 276) Pauly, D.0 A preliminary compilation of fish length growth parameters. Ber. Inst. Meereskd. Christian-Albrechts-Univ. Kiel (55):1-200. (Ref. 312) Ahrens, R.0 Age determination of the seventy four. S. Afr. Assoc. Mar. Biol. Res. Bull. (6):44-47. (Ref. 1262) Smith, J.L.B. and M.M. Smith0 Sparidae. p. 580-594. In M.M. Smith and P.C. 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(Ref. 118580) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435) FB-pic-4542-24163 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1999-09-10 2010-07-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4542 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Pound_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Pound_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-4542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-07-19 00:00:00 2021-07-19 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4542 Found over rocky reef and banks of deep waters. Carnivorous species which feeds mainly on fish and squid (Ref. 5213). An excellent food fish. Sold fresh. Smith, J.L.B. and M.M. Smith 1986 Sparidae. p. 580-594. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3198) FB-Morphology-4542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1997-01-28 00:00:00 1997-01-28 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4542 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dorsal spines (total): 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 - 9 Smith, J.L.B. and M.M. Smith 1986 Sparidae. p. 580-594. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3198) FB-Distribution-4542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-07-19 00:00:00 2025-10-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4542 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Western Indian Ocean: southern Mozambique to Durban, South Africa. Smith, J.L.B. and M.M. Smith 1986 Sparidae. p. 580-594. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3198) FB-Uses-4542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-07-19 00:00:00 2021-07-19 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4542 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: very high; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Bauchot, M.-L. and M.M. Smith 1984 Sparidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 4. [var. pag.] FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3507) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) FB-Migration-4542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-07-19 00:00:00 2021-07-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4542 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-TrophicStrategy-4542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1997-04-08 00:00:00 2000-03-09 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ undulosus Feeds on fish and benthic animals (Ref. 4332). van der Elst, R.P. and F. Adkin (eds.) 1991 Marine linefish: priority species and research objectives in southern Africa. Oceanogr. Res. Inst., Spec. Publ. No.1. 132 p. (Ref. 4332) FB-Size-4542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-07-19 00:00:00 2021-07-19 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4542 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 120 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3507)); max. published weight: 16.0 kg (Ref. 4699) Bauchot, M.-L. and M.M. Smith 1984 Sparidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). volume 4. [var. pag.] FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3507) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-4542 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-07-19 00:00:00 2021-07-19 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4542 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat reef-associated; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 30 - ? m (Ref. 5213) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga 1990 Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p. (Ref. 5213)