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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4458</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Centrarchiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Terapontidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Terapon</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Terapon jarbua (Fabricius, 1775)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='or'>Gahnu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Balauling</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ava'ava</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Keskus</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kliklechol</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fa'>Yalli-e-khatkamani</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Peixe-zebra violão</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='af'>Doringvis</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Baam</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Dheeb</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Dhiba</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Dirhar</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Habraham</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Henw</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Jimjam</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Theeb</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Yalli</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Yamyam</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Yanam</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>Boorgooni</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>Borguni</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>Jeerpye</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>বরগুনি</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bagaong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bugaong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='my'>Nga-gone-kyar</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='my'>Nga-hnan-kyang</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='my'>Nga-khone-kyar</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='my'>Nga-nan-gyaung</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bogaong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Buga-ong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Gunggong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Jarbua</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='de'>Grunzender Tigerbarsch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Convex-lined grunt</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Convex-lined therapon</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Crescent grunter</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Crescent perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Crescent-banded grunter</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Crescent-banded tiger-fish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Cresent grunter</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Cresent perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Croaker</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Grunter</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Jarbua</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Jarbua terapon</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Jarbua therapon</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Jarbua tigerfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Small-scaled terapon</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Spiky trumpeter</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Squeaking perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Thonfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Thornfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Tiger-perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Threestripe tigerfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Three-striped tiger fish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Tiger perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Tiger Perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Kolmvööt-tiigerahven</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fj'>Qitawa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Gendarme</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Peau d'âne</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Relégué</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Violon</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Violon jarbua</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='gu'>Garangeta</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='gu'>Naida</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='gu'>નાઈદા </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='gu'>ગરંગેતા </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='jv'>Jambrung</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='jv'>Jangjan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='jv'>Janjan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Kotohiki</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Yakata-Isaki</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Yagata-isaki</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>コトヒキ（ヤガタイサキ）</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='kn'>Gore</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='kn'>ಗೊರೆ </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ko'>Sal-ben-ja-ri</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ko'>살벤자리</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Kallakeedam</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Keeri</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Kotha</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Marakkeri</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>കല്ലകേടം </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>കള്ളകീടം</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>കീരി</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>കീരിമീന്</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>കോത</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>കോതാ </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>മരെക്കരി </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>മരക്കേറി</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='mr'>Naveri</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='mr'>Naveri hajam</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='mr'>नवीरि</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='mr'>नवीरि हाजाम</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Bagat</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Gelama</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Gendang-gendang</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Kelong-kelong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Kerong jalur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Kerong-kerong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Kerong-kerong tambi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Kirong-kirong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Mengkerong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Rumpak</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>San gaa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='mg'>Drihe sak</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sm'>Ava'ava</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='so'>Geedow</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sw'>Kui</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sw'>Ngagu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sv'>Jarbua</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Chavathinnikeeli</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Keechan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Keeli</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Kovakeechan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Mattakkeechan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Palinkeechan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Palin-keetchan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Pootankeeli</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>பூட்டன்கீளீ </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>கீச்சான்</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>கீசன்  </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>கீளீ </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>கீளி</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>கோவக் கீச்சான்</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>கோவகீச்சன் </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>சவத்திண்ணிகீளி</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>சாவாதீன்னீகீளீ</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>பலங்கீச்சான்</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>பாலீன் கீசசான் </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>பாலீன் கீசசான்  </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>பூட்டாங் கீளி</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>மட்டகீச்சான்</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>Baikeeli</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>Ganam</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>Kilipothu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>Samudrakili</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>కిలిపోతు</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>గనమ్ </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>బైకీలి </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>సముద్రకిలి</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Bagaong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Bugaong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Bungao</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Gagaong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Gunggong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Kanigit</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Tutot</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Khangtaphaolaikhong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>ข้างตะเภาลายโค้ง</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='vi'>Cá Căng cát</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='vi'>Cá ham</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='vi'>Cá Ong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Baraonga jarbúa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Antsarabaro</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Babaguni</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bagaong kambang</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bagaw</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Banlaongan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Baraongan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Baraungan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bigaong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bobi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bongaong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bugaung</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bungkaong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Dogigi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Drihy</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Galikooru</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Gawaany</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Gonga</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Hyoaak</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Iri bateya</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kaboa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kalaero</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Karleku</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Katau-khût</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kerong-kerong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kerung-kerung</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kili</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kokoreh</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kourmanoue</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kourmaoue</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kurmanwe</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Lakeke</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Langaat</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Mangahua</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Mayavayawong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Mwââgié</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Mwârâgiya</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Pol bateya</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Rongkador</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Sekirong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Si kerekere</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Sukiroeng</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Sumaha</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Tsarabaro</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Xì lín là</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Yoxany</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>斑吾</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>細鱗鯻</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>细鳞鯻</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>花身仔</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>花身鯻</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>釘公</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>鸡仔鱼</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Coius trivittatus Hamilton, 1822</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Grammistes servus (Bloch, 1790)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Holocentrus jarbua (Fabricius, 1775)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Holocentrus servus Bloch, 1790</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Pterapon trivittatus Gray, 1846</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Sciaena jarbua Fabricius, 1775</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Stereolepis inoko Schmidt, 1931</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Terapon servus (Bloch, 1790)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Terapon timorensis Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1824</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Therapon farna Bleeker, 1879</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Therapon jarboa (Fabricius, 1775)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Therapon jarbua (Fabricius, 1775)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Therapon servus (Bloch, 1790)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-19</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-12-05</dcterms:modified>
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	<mediaURL>http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Tejar_u7.jpg</mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL>http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Tejar_u7.jpg</thumbnailURL>
	<location></location></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-12-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4458</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Found over shallow sandy bottoms, in the vicinity of river mouths. Enter estuaries and rivers (Ref. 1479, 11230, 44894, 48635), juveniles and adults are often found in freshwater (Ref. 4327). Adults in loose aggregations (Ref. 48635). Juveniles common in sandy intertidal areas; often in tidal pools.  Minimum depth reported is 20 m (Ref. 12260). Found in schools (Ref. 9710).  Omnivorous (Ref. 7300), feeding on fishes, insects, algae, and sand-dwelling invertebrates (Ref. 9710).  Spawn in the sea and juveniles migrate into fresh water (Ref. 2847).  Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male parent (Ref. 205).  Produce sound (Ref. 9137).  Caught on all types of inshore fishing gear including gill nets, traps, handlines, and bottom trawls and  marketed fresh and dried-salted  (Ref. 48274).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7300&amp;speccode=4458'>Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley 1989 Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-02-04 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-12-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4458</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Diagnosis: This species is distinguished by the following characters: body oblong moderately and laterally compressed, greatest body depth 2.5-3.2 times in standard length; head length 2.3-2.6 times in standard length; lower opercular spine extending well beyond the opercular flap; posttemporal bone exposed and serrate posteriorly; pectoral fin rays 13-14; gill rakers 6-8 +13-16 = 19-24; pored lateral line scales 75-100; horizontal scale rows above lateral line 13-17; caudal fin emarginate (Ref. 48274, 90102).Description: Dorsal fin with 11-12 spines and 9-11 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 7-10 soft rays; pectoral fin with 13-14 rays (Ref. 4327). Scales on lateral line 69-93 (Ref. 4327).Colouration: Colour of body silvery white with 3-4 curved dark brown or blackish stripes from the nape to the hind part of the body, the lowermost continuing across the middle of the caudal fin; spinous part of dorsal fin with a blackish blotch dorsally on membranes between third and sixth spines; caudal fin with stripes, the lobes with dark tips (Ref. 4327, 48274, 90102).</dc:description>
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	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='92-5-104587-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48274&amp;speccode=4458'>Vari, R.P. 2001 Terapontidae (=Therapontidae, Theraponidae, Teraponidae). Terapon-perches (terapon-grunters). p. 3305-3316. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). Rome, FAO. pp. 2791-3380. (Ref. 48274)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-02-04 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-12-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4458</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 11 - 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 11;  Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 7 - 10</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='92-5-104587-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48274&amp;speccode=4458'>Vari, R.P. 2001 Terapontidae (=Therapontidae, Theraponidae, Teraponidae). Terapon-perches (terapon-grunters). p. 3305-3316. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). Rome, FAO. pp. 2791-3380. (Ref. 48274)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-09-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4458</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819), Australia, and Lord Howe Island.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='3-87429-411-0' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33390&amp;speccode=4458'>Fricke, R. 1999 Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31:759 p. (Ref. 33390)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-12-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4458</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: minor commercial; aquaculture: commercial; price category: unknown; price reliability: </dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40297&amp;speccode=4458'>Liao, C.-I., H.-M. Su and E.Y. Chang 2001 Techniques in finfish larviculture in Taiwan. Aquaculture 200(2001):1-31. (Ref. 40297)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Migration-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-12-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4458</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Catadromous. Migrating from freshwater to the sea to spawn, e.g., European eels.  Subdivision of diadromous.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=4458'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-12-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=4458&amp;StockCode=4656</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male parent (Ref. 205).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26281&amp;speccode=4458'>Balon, E.K. 1975 Reproductive guilds of fishes: a proposal and definition. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 32(6):821-864. (Ref. 26281)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-01-12 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-02-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>jarbua</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Occur in lentic and lotic freshwater (Ref. 7300); also found in coral reefs (Ref. 58534).  Found over shallow sandy bottoms, in the vicinity of river mouths.  Enter estuaries and rivers (Ref. 1479).  Scale-eating behavior was suggested to originate from modified predation and modified parasite removal (Ref. 28733).  Juveniles common in sandy intertidal areas.  Omnivorous (Ref. 7300), feeding on fishes, insects, algae, and sand-dwelling invertebrates (Ref. 9710).  Coastal.  Dwells in rocky shore tidal pools, wetlands and estuaries.  Ambush predator.  Feeds on invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 9773).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7300&amp;speccode=4458'>Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley 1989 Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-12-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4458</dc:source>
	<dc:description>36.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710))</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='0-00-219974-2 (pbk.).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9710&amp;speccode=4458'>Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific &amp; Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Diseases-4458-508</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Allan Palacio</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-10-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2002-10-02 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4458&amp;StockCode=4656</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Azygia Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26129&amp;speccode=4458'>Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Diseases-4458-495</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Allan Palacio</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2004-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2004-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4458&amp;StockCode=4656</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Diplectanum Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48356&amp;speccode=4458'>Lopez, N.C. 2002 Helminth parasites from two species of Philippine teraponid fishes. p. 17. In G.D. Aguilar and M.C. Buen-Tumilba (eds) Abstracts. 1st national conference in capture fisheries. Responsive research and development for a sustainable capture fisheries. 4-6 December 2002 College of Fisheries and Ocean sciences, University of the Philippines in the Visayas, Miagao, Iloilo. (Ref. 48356)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Diseases-4458-1321</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Allan Palacio</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2004-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2004-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4458&amp;StockCode=4656</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Lecithochirum Infestation 3. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48356&amp;speccode=4458'>Lopez, N.C. 2002 Helminth parasites from two species of Philippine teraponid fishes. p. 17. In G.D. Aguilar and M.C. Buen-Tumilba (eds) Abstracts. 1st national conference in capture fisheries. Responsive research and development for a sustainable capture fisheries. 4-6 December 2002 College of Fisheries and Ocean sciences, University of the Philippines in the Visayas, Miagao, Iloilo. (Ref. 48356)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Diseases-4458-447</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Allan Palacio</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-10-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2002-10-02 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4458&amp;StockCode=4656</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Stictodora Infestation 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26129&amp;speccode=4458'>Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Diseases-4458-509</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Allan Palacio</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-10-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2002-10-02 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4458&amp;StockCode=4656</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Torticaecum Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26129&amp;speccode=4458'>Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Diseases-4458-1338</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Allan Palacio</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2004-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2004-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4458&amp;StockCode=4656</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Trypanorhyncha Infestation (Cestode larvae). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48356&amp;speccode=4458'>Lopez, N.C. 2002 Helminth parasites from two species of Philippine teraponid fishes. p. 17. In G.D. Aguilar and M.C. Buen-Tumilba (eds) Abstracts. 1st national conference in capture fisheries. Responsive research and development for a sustainable capture fisheries. 4-6 December 2002 College of Fisheries and Ocean sciences, University of the Philippines in the Visayas, Miagao, Iloilo. (Ref. 48356)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-4458</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-12-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4458</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; catadromous (Ref. 51243); freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 20 - 350 m (Ref. 58488)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=4458'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58488&amp;speccode=4458'>Khalaf, M. and U. Zajonz 2007 Fourteen additional species recorded from below 150 m depth in the Gulf of Aqaba, including Liopropoma lunulatum (Pisces: Serranidae), new record for the Red Sea. Fauna of Arabia 23:421-433. (Ref. 58488)</reference></dataObject>
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