FB-4277 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4277 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Tetraodontiformes Monacanthidae Cantherhines Cantherhines macrocerus (Hollard, 1853) Peixe-porco Porco-pintado American whitespotted filefish Whitespoted filefish Whitespotted filefish Whitespotted Filefish Cachúa lija Chivo Lija de lunares blancos Cabra Cabrinha 白点前孔鲀 白點前孔魨 Cantherhines macroceros (Hollard, 1853) Cantherines macrocerus (Hollard, 1853) Monacanthus macrocerus Hollard, 1853 1991-05-02 2007-03-30 Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. (Ref. 276) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. 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(Ref. 33407) Gorelova, T.A. and B.I. Fedoryako0 Topic and trophic relationships of fishes associated with drifting <i>Sargassum</i> algae. J. Ichthyol. 26(2):63-72. (Ref. 33770) Figueiredo, J.L. and N.A. Menezes0 Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. VI.Teleostei (5). Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. Brazil. 116 p. (Ref. 36453) Nomura, H.0 Dicionário dos peixes do Brasil. Brasília: Editerra. 482p. (Ref. 38265) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Gasparini, J.L. and S.R. Floeter0 The shore fishes of Trindade Island, western South Atlantic. J. Nat. Hist. 35:1639-1656. (Ref. 40849) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Pattengill, C.V., B.X. Semmens and S.R. Gittings0 Reef fish trophic structure at the Flower Gardens and Stetson Bank, NW Gulf of Mexico. Proc. 8th Int. Coral Reef Sym. 1:1023-1028. (Ref. 42240) Rooker, J.R., Q.R. Dokken, C.V. Pattengill and G.J. Holt0 Fish assemblages on artificial and natural reefs in the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, USA. Coral Reefs 16:83-92. (Ref. 45556) Hardy, J.D. Jr. (comp.)0 Coral reef fish species. NOAANational Oceanographic Data Center. NODC Coral Reef Data and Information Management System. USA. 537 p. (Ref. 48497) Monteiro-Neto, C., F.E.A. Cunha, M.C. Nottingham, M.E. Araújo, I.L. Rosa and G.M.L. Barros0 Analysis of the marine ornamental fish trade at Ceará State, northeast Brazil. Biodivers. Conserv. 12:1287-1295. (Ref. 49392) Martin, F.D. and J.W. Patus0 An annotated key to the teleost fishes of Puerto Rico. Compendio Enciclopedico de los Recursos Nat. 5:1-191. (Ref. 50307) Nahím, H.R. and F. Cervigón0 Peces del archipiélago Los Roques. Agencia Española de Cooperacíon Internacional. 304 p. (Ref. 51848) Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. ix, 386 p. + 1 CD. (Ref. 52299) Matsuura, K.0 Monacanthidae. Filefishes (leatherjackets). p. 1970-1979. In K.E. Carpenter (ed.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 3: Bony fishes part 2 (Opistognathidae to Molidae), sea turtles and marine mammals. (Ref. 53031) Claro, R. and L.R. Parenti0 The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. p. 21-57. In Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman and L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Wahsington and London. 253p. (Ref. 54206) Floeter, S.R., J.L. Gasparini, L.A. Rocha, C.E.L. Ferreira, C.A. Rangel and B.M. Feitoza0 Brazilian reef fish fauna: checklist and remarks (updated Jan. 2003). Brazilian Reef Fish Project: www.brazilianreeffish.cjb.net. (Ref. 57756) Feitoza, B.M., L.A. Rocha, O.J. Luiz-Júnior, S.R. Floeter and J.L. Gasparini0 Reef fishes of St. Paul's Rocks: new records and notes on biology and zoogeography. aqua, J. Ichthyol. Aquat. Biol. 7(2):61-82. (Ref. 58047) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Menezes, N.A., P.A. Buckup, J.L. Figueiredo and R.L. Moura0 Catálogo das espécies de peixes marinhos do Brasil. São Paulo. Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 160 pp. (Ref. 80860) Feitoza, B.M., R.S. Rosa and L.A. Rocha0 Ecology and zoogeography of deep-reef fishes in Northeastern Brazil. Bull. Mar. Sci. 76(3):725-742. (Ref. 84211) Wirtz, P., A. Brito, J.M. Falcón, R. Freitas, R. Fricke, V. Monteiro, F. Reiner and O. Tariche0 The coastal fishes of the Cape Verde Islands - new records and an annotated check-list. Spixiana 36(1):113-142. (Ref. 94080) Wirtz, P., J. Bingeman, J. Bingeman, R. Fricke, T.J. Hook and J. Young0 The fishes of Ascension Island, central Atlantic Ocean: new records and an annotated checklist. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 97(4):783-798. (Ref. 98447) University of Western Australia0 Pelagic BRUVS data 2019. Video BRUVS from Jessica Meeuwig. (Ref. 121799) Eduardo, L.N., T. Frédou, A.S. Lira, L.V.S. Silva, B.P. Ferreira, A. Bertrand, F. Ménard and F. Lucena-Frédou0 Length-weight relationship of thirteen demersal fishes from the tropical Brazilian continental shelf. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 35:590-593. (Ref. 124459) Harborne, A.0 Fish and coral species lists compiled by Coral Cay Conservation: Belize 1990-1998. Coral Cay Conservation, 26p. (Ref. 128811) FB-pic-4277-2595 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-17 2010-11-10 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4277 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Camac_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Camac_u0.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-4277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2007-03-30 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4277 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Inhabits coral reefs or rocky bottoms (Ref. 5217). Found among gorgonians. Occurs in pairs (Ref. 5521). Feeds mainly on sponges, gorgonians, and algae (Ref. 9710) but also eats hydroids and stinging coral (Ref. 13442). Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-DiagnosticDescr-4277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2001-04-16 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4277 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Adults are brown, with or without many prominent white spots on body and head; caudal fin black with obscure curved median white bar and two indistinct white basal spots (Ref. 13442). Males are readily distinguished from females of about same size by the larger spines on caudal peduncle and by orange color of patch of setae anterior to the peduncular spines on males (Ref. 13442). Randall, J.E. 1996 Caribbean reef fishes. Third Edition - revised and enlarged. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Hong Kong. 3nd ed. 368 p. (Ref. 13442) FB-Morphology-4277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2001-04-16 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4277 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 2; Dorsal soft rays (total): 34 - 36; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 29 - 32 Randall, J.E. 1996 Caribbean reef fishes. Third Edition - revised and enlarged. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Hong Kong. 3nd ed. 368 p. (Ref. 13442) FB-Distribution-4277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2022-04-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4277 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Western Atlantic: Florida, USA and Bermuda to São Paulo, Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: St. Paul's Rocks (Ref. 13121). Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Uses-4277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2007-03-30 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4277 fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Sadovy, Y. 1992 A preliminary assessment of the marine aquarium export trade in Puerto Rico. Proceedings of the Seventh International Coral Reef Symposium, Guam, Vol. 2, p. 1014-1021. (Ref. 12090) Sadovy, Y. 1992 A preliminary assessment of the marine aquarium export trade in Puerto Rico. Proceedings of the Seventh International Coral Reef Symposium, Guam, Vol. 2, p. 1014-1021. (Ref. 12090) FB-TrophicStrategy-4277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-04-03 00:00:00 2008-08-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public macrocerus Inhabits coral reefs or rocky bottoms (Ref. 5217). Found among gorgonians. Occurs in pairs (Ref. 5521). Feeds mainly on sponges, gorgonians, and algae (Ref. 9710) but also eats hydroids and stinging coral (Ref. 13442). Randall, J.E. 1967 Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr. Miami 5:665-847. FB-Size-4277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2007-03-30 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4277 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription 46.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251)) Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-4277 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2007-03-30 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4277 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution reef-associated; marine; depth range 2 - 40 m (Ref. 58047), usually 3 - 20 m (Ref. 40849) Feitoza, B.M., L.A. Rocha, O.J. Luiz-Júnior, S.R. Floeter and J.L. Gasparini 2003 Reef fishes of St. Paul's Rocks: new records and notes on biology and zoogeography. aqua, J. Ichthyol. Aquat. Biol. 7(2):61-82. (Ref. 58047) Gasparini, J.L. and S.R. Floeter 2001 The shore fishes of Trindade Island, western South Atlantic. J. Nat. Hist. 35:1639-1656. (Ref. 40849)