FB-4244 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4244 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Pleuronectiformes Pleuronectidae Liopsetta Liopsetta glacialis (Pallas, 1776) Arktisk flyndre Lodzica Solha-ártica Solhao ártico Arktisk flynder Arctic flounder Christmas flounder Eelback flounder Polar plaice Harilik polaarlest Flet Plie arctique Ikkahnalook Ipkelnokto Ipkuknaluk Nadalna Nataaznak Nataktook Natanak Natangnok Natarnak Natarnaq Passera artica Polyarnaya kambala камбала полярная полярная камбала nataagnaq puyyaqiaq 北极光鲽 北極光鰈 南极鲽 南極鰈 Liopsetta glacialis knipowitschi Essipov, 1939 Platessa dwinensis Lilljeborg, 1851 Pleuronectes cicatricosus Pallas, 1814 Pleuronectes franklinii Günther, 1862 Pleuronectes glacialis Pallas, 1776 Pleuronectes glacialis caninensis Suvorov, 1929 1991-05-02 2022-12-15 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Matarese, A.C., A.W. Kendall, D.M. Blood and M.V. 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(Ref. 124243) FB-GeneralDescr-4244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2022-12-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4244 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats A coastal species not found far offshore (Ref. 27547). Occurs at shallow depths on mud bottoms, often in brackish water (Ref. 4705) and frequently entering freshwaters (Ref. 59043). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on small fishes and bottom invertebrates (Ref. 4705). Moves closer inshore in the evenings, especially on a rising tide (Ref. 27547). Appears to move offshore in the fall and inshore in the spring (Ref. 27547). Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe 2018 Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998) FB-DiagnosticDescr-4244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1999-03-01 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4244 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Distinguished by the presence of both eyes on the same side of the head, normal scales and generally plain coloration (Ref. 27547). Lateral line with a very low curve above pectoral fin, straight behind and with a short accessory branch on head; 73-76 pores on main portion; it is complete in males but in females as large as about 20 cm it is an open groove on the posterior part of the body (Ref. 10319). Most anterior dorsal ray above eye; anal with an embedded forward-pointing spine before first ray; caudal rounded (Ref. 27547). Eyed side dark olive green to brown, sometimes with scattered black dots or indefinite dark blotches; blind side white, rarely with brown lappings over from the eyed side; fins pale brownish, sometimes with a somewhat yellow tinge or traces of dark spots (Ref. 27547). Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) FB-Morphology-4244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1999-03-01 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4244 Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 50 - 62; Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 35 - 44; Vertebrae: 37 - 38 Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) FB-Distribution-4244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2025-01-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4244 Northeast Atlantic and Arctic: White Sea and Barents Sea eastward along the coasts of Siberia and North America to Queen Maud Gulf in Arctic Canada. North Pacific: Chukchi and Bering seas to Bristol Bay, Alaska and the northern Sea of Okhotsk. Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) FB-Uses-4244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2022-12-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4244 fisheries: minor commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Nielsen, J.G. 1986 Pleuronectidae. p. 1299-1307. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4705) FB-LifeCycle-4244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2022-12-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=4244&StockCode=4440 Reproduction cycle believed to occur only every second year (Ref. 27547). Sokolov, L.I. and L.S. Berdicheskii 1989 Acipenseridae. p. 150-153. In J. Holcík (ed.) The freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol. 1, Part II. General introduction to fishes Acipenseriformes. AULA-Verlag Wiesbaden. 469 p. (Ref. 9953) FB-TrophicStrategy-4244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-09-20 00:00:00 2008-04-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public glacialis http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology A coastal species not found far offshore (Ref. 27547). Occurs at shallow depths on mud bottoms, often in brackish water and may even enter rivers (Ref. 4705). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on small fishes, bottom invertebrates (Ref. 4705), and zoobenthos (Ref. 27547). Moves closer inshore in the evenings, especially on a rising tide (Ref. 27547). Appears to move offshore in the fall and inshore in the spring (Ref. 27547). Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) FB-Size-4244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2022-12-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4244 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 44.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 58426)); max. reported age: 26 years (Ref. 117245) Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist 2004 Annotated list of the arctic marine fishes of Canada. Can. MS Rep. Fish Aquat. Sci. 2674:iv:+112 p. (Ref. 58426) Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist 2018 Marine fishes of Arctic Canada. Toronto (ON, Canada): University of Toronto Press. xiii+618 p. (Ref. 117245) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-4244 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2022-12-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4244 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle demersal; freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 90 m