FB-4122 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4122 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Perciformes/Cottoidei Cottidae Myoxocephalus Myoxocephalus quadricornis (Linnaeus, 1758) Hornulke Kur rogacz Sgorpion môr pedwar-corn Hornulk Vierhörniger Seeskorpion Fourhorn Fourhorn sculpin Fourhorned sculpin Four-horned sculpin Four-spined sculpin merihärg Härkäsimppu Merihärkä Chaboisseau à quatre cornes Chaboisseau quadricorne Kanajuk Kanayuk Kaneeok Kan-ny-yoke Kanyok cetrragu buļļzivs ragys Alyaskinskaya rogatka Ledovito-morskaja rogatka Rogatka четырехрогий бычок Hornsimpa Ulk kanayuq kanaiok Štirirogi morski kapelj 四角床杜父魚 四角床杜父鱼 四角紅目杜父魚 四角红目杜父鱼 Cottus hexacornis Richardson, 1823 Cottus latifrons Gratzianov, 1904 Cottus quadricornis Linnaeus, 1758 Cottus quadricornis asundensis Lönnberg, 1932 Cottus quadricornis borkensis Lönnberg, 1939 Cottus quadricornis frykenensis Lönnberg, 1932 Cottus quadricornis kallavesensis Lönnberg, 1933 Cottus quadricornis lonnbergi Lönnberg, 1919 Cottus quadricornis oernensis Lönnberg, 1932 Cottus quadricornis pygmaeus Lönnberg, 1933 Cottus quadricornis relicta Lilljeborg, 1891 Cottus quadricornis vaenernensis Lönnberg, 1932 Cottus quadricornis vermelnensis Nybelin, 1940 Myoxocephalus quadricornis hexacornis (Richardson, 1823) Myoxocephalus quadricornis lonnbergi Berg, 1916 Myoxocephalus quadricornis onegensis Berg & Popov, 1932 Myoxocephalus quadricornis quadricornis (Linnaeus, 1758) Myoxocephalus quadricornis relicta (Lilljeborg, 1891) Oncocottus hexacornis (Richardson, 1823) Oncocottus quadricornis (Linnaeus, 1758) Onocottus hexacornis (Richardson, 1823) Triglops quadricornis (Linnaeus, 1758) Triglopsis quadricornis (Linnaeus, 1758) Triglopsis quadricornis quadricorniis (Linnaeus, 1758) 1991-05-01 2011-11-03 Robins, C.R., R.M. 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McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-4122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2011-11-03 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4122 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Occurs in cold brackish and moderately saline water near the coast (Ref. 27547). Enters coastal rivers and may occur as far as 120 miles inland (Ref. 5723). Landlocked in lakes (Ref. 59043). Maximum depth reported at 100m (Ref. 35388). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Movements are limited to short onshore-offshore seasonal movements and mass movements of fry into shallow water in autumn (Ref. 28908, 28910). Moreover, there are no migrations of large numbers; movement into freshwater and long distances up rivers are apparently undertaken by relatively few individuals at a time (Ref. 27547). Diurnal from November to April but is largely nocturnal the rest of the year (Ref. 28905). Feeds on small crustaceans, fishes (Ref. 4968) and molluscs (Ref. 58426). Spawning takes place in shallow waters, male digs a groove in the gravel where pairing and egg laying occur. Move to deeper water in the spring, where they stay in summer (Ref. 35388). Landlocked populations are locally threatened (Ref. 59043). Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814) FB-DiagnosticDescr-4122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1999-03-01 00:00:00 2013-01-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4122 Identified by the four bony protuberances on the top of the head (the protuberances are smaller in females and young and absent in the freshwater form), the chainlike lateral line, the sharp spines on the preoperculum, and the absence of palatine teeth (Ref. 27547). Gill rakers reduced to rounded, spiny protuberances (Ref. 27547). Soft dorsal often much enlarged in adult males; caudal truncate to slightly rounded (Ref. 27547). Young gray above, with three or four dark saddles below dorsal fins and a dark spot on dorsal side of caudal peduncle; adults are darker; spiny dorsal fin dusted with black; soft dorsal, anal, pectoral and caudal fins have dark bars; pelvic fins pale (Ref. 27547). Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) FB-Morphology-4122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1999-03-01 00:00:00 2013-01-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4122 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dorsal spines (total): 7 - 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 16; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 13 - 17; Vertebrae: 37 - 42 Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) FB-Distribution-4122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2024-07-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4122 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Atlantic and Arctic: Baltic coast of Sweden, Finland, Russia and southwestern to eastern Poland; western coast of Sweden to northern coast of Norway, eastward to White and Barents Sea basins. In Siberia eastward to about Anadyr estuary. Landlocked populations in Sweden, central Finland and Karelia (Ref. 59043). Arctic drainages of North America (Ref. 5723). Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Uses-4122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2011-11-03 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4122 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: subsistence fisheries Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) FB-LifeCycle-4122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2011-11-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=4122&StockCode=4318 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Males become territorial and aggressive toward other males with the approach of the spawning season. Two or three days prior to spawning, the females become restless and swim about between short periods of rest. When a female swims over a male, he undulates his body from side to side and raises his spiny dorsal fin, If the female comes to rest near the male, he moves close to her in a series of short darts. Both then fan rhythymically with their pectoral fins, making a hole. The pair lie side by side, with the male's caudal fin twisted under that of the female. The male make rhythmic motions toward the female with his tail, and the motions apparently stimulate her to release her eggs (Ref. 28900, 28901). After spawning the female leaves the nest; the eggs are fanned and guarded by the male until hatching which occurs in the spring (Ref. 27547). Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) FB-TrophicStrategy-4122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-09-20 00:00:00 2014-02-21 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ quadricornis Occurs in cold brackish and moderately saline water near the coast (Ref. 27547); enters coastal rivers and may occur as far as 120 miles inland (Ref. 5723). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Movements are limited to short onshore-offshore seasonal movements and mass movements of fry into shallow water in autumn (Ref. 28908, 28910). Moreover, there are no migrations of large numbers; movement into freshwater and long distances up rivers are apparently undertaken by relatively few individuals at a time (Ref. 27547). Diurnal from November to April but is largely nocturnal the rest of the year (Ref. 28905). Feeds on small crustaceans, fishes (Ref. 4697, 4968, 27547) and molluscs (Ref. 58426). Move to deeper water in the spring, where they stay in summer (Ref. 35388). Subject to intense predation in shallow water by gulls, waterfowl and shorebirds. Also eaten by whitefish, Arctic Char, eelpouts and other Cottidae including other members of its own species (Ref. 58522). Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) FB-Size-4122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2011-11-03 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4122 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 60.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2058)); max. published weight: 260 g (Ref. 27547); max. reported age: 14 years (Ref. 12193) Berg, L.S. 1965 Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 3, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1949). (Ref. 2058) Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) Hugg, D.O. 1996 MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. and Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater, Maryland, USA. (Ref. 12193) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-4122 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2011-11-03 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4122 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat demersal; freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 100 m (Ref. 58496) Parin, N.V., V.V. Fedorov and B.A. Sheiko 2002 An annotated catalogue of fish-like vertebrates and fishes of the seas of Russia and adjacent countries: Part 2. Order Scorpaeniformes. J. Ichthyol. 42(Suppl.1):S60-S135. (Ref. 58496)