FB-3612 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3612 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Astronotus Astronotus ocellatus (Agassiz, 1831) Pielegnica pawiooka Acará-açu Acará-grande Acaraú-açu Acaráuaçu Apaiari Apiari Bola-de-ouro Cará Cará pirosca Cará-açu Cará-boi Cará-grande Corró-baiano Corró-chinês Dorminhoco Påfugleøjecichlide Pfauenaugenbuntbarsch Marble cichlid Oscar Red oscar Velvet cichlid Harilik paabusilmahven Paabusilm-ahven Riikinkukkoahven Astronotus Cichlidé œil de paon Oscar Astronotus Oscar Påfågelcichlid acará Acarahuazú apaiarí Carahuazú caraussú Vieja Aluago elselepo Crombier Krobié rouj Masug Oskar Paya 图丽鱼(地图鱼) 圖麗魚(地圖魚) Acara compressus Cope, 1872 Acara hyposticta Cope, 1878 Astronotus ocellatus ocellatus (Agassiz, 1831) Astronotus ocellatus zebra Pellegrin, 1904 Astronotus orbiculatus Haseman, 1911 Cychla rubroocellata Jardine & Schomburgk, 1843 Lobotes ocellatus Agassiz, 1831 1991-05-01 2008-05-28 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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(Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-3612 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2008-05-28 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3612 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Preferably inhabits quiet shallow waters in mud-bottomed and sand-bottomed canals and ponds (Ref. 5723). Feeds on small fish, crayfish, worms and insect larvae. Quite popular with aquarists but not for aquaculturists because of its slow growth (Ref. 35237). Maximum length 40 cm TL (Ref. 5723). A highly esteemed food fish in South America (Ref. 44091). Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr 1991 A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723) FB-DiagnosticDescr-3612 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Philippe Béarez 2001-11-14 00:00:00 2022-07-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3612 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Large mouth with thick lips; 7 preopercular pores; first gill arch without lobe; gill rakers short and thick with many denticles; dorsal and anal fins bases densely scaled; many branched rays; body color dark with bright orange opercle margin and ventral parts of the lateral sides of the body; often a black rounded blotch with orange margin at caudal fin base (Ref. 35237). Keith, P., P.-Y. Le Bail and P. Planquette 2000 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane. Tome 2, Fascicule I: Batrachoidiformes, Mugiliformes, Beloniformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Synbranchiformes, Perciformes, Pleuronectiformes, Tetraodontiformes. Collection Patrimoines Naturels 43(I): 286p. Paris: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. (Ref. 35237) FB-Morphology-3612 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Philippe Béarez 2001-11-14 00:00:00 2022-07-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3612 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Dorsal spines (total): 12 - 14; Dorsal soft rays (total): 17 - 21; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 16 - 20 Keith, P., P.-Y. Le Bail and P. Planquette 2000 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane. Tome 2, Fascicule I: Batrachoidiformes, Mugiliformes, Beloniformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Synbranchiformes, Perciformes, Pleuronectiformes, Tetraodontiformes. Collection Patrimoines Naturels 43(I): 286p. Paris: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. (Ref. 35237) FB-Distribution-3612 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2024-01-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3612 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases South America: western Amazon and Orinoco basins. Introduced elsewhere. Perez Lozano, A., O.M. Lasso-Alcalá, P.S. Bittencourt, D.C. Taphorn, N. Perez and I.P. Farias 2022 A new species of <i>Astronotus</i> (Teleostei, Cichlidae) from the Orinoco River and Gulf of Paria basins, northern South America. Zookeys 1113:111-152. (Ref. 126783) FB-Uses-3612 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2008-05-28 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3612 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: highly commercial Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Mills, D. and G. Vevers 1989 The Tetra encyclopedia of freshwater tropical aquarium fishes. Tetra Press, New Jersey. 208 p. (Ref. 7020) FB-LifeCycle-3612 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2008-05-28 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=3612&StockCode=3808 In captivity, both male and female clean a suitable spawning site - often a flat rock , or branches, or in a circular nest excavated in shallow water (Ref. 44091). Eggs (usually numbering in the thousands, Ref. 44091) are deposited and are guarded by both parents. Egg hatch in 3 or 4 days and parent move the fry to a shallow pit in the sand where they remain for 6 or 7 days (Ref. 7020). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-3612 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Carlos Palma Gonzales 1995-04-18 00:00:00 2008-06-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public ocellatus Preferably inhabits quiet shallow waters in mud-bottomed and sand-bottomed canals and ponds (Ref. 5723). Usually solitary (Ref. 9088). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on small fish, crayfish, worms and insect larvae, terrestrial invertebrates and aquatic macrophytes (Ref. 9089). Omnivore (Ref. 76754). Goulding, M. 1981 Man and fisheries on an Amazon frontier. In H.J. Dumont (ed.). Developments in Hydrobiology, v. 4. The Hague: W. Tunk Publishers. 137 p. FB-Size-3612 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2008-05-28 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3612 45.7 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637)); max. published weight: 1,580 g (Ref. 40637) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-3612-733 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-11-17 00:00:00 2003-11-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=3612&StockCode=3808 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Bacterial Infections (general). Bacterial diseases Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Diseases-3612-32 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-11-17 00:00:00 2003-12-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=3612&StockCode=3808 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Dactylogyrus Gill Flukes Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Diseases-3612-1520 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-04-13 00:00:00 2005-04-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=3612&StockCode=3808 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Goezia Disease 6. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153) FB-Diseases-3612-409 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-11-17 00:00:00 2003-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=3612&StockCode=3808 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Ichthyobodo Infection. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Diseases-3612-1153 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-11-17 00:00:00 2003-11-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=3612&StockCode=3808 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Intestinal Worm Infection (general). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Diseases-3612-1168 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-11-17 00:00:00 2003-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=3612&StockCode=3808 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Nematode Infection (general). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Diseases-3612-876 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-05-03 00:00:00 2005-05-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=3612&StockCode=3808 Procamallanus Infection 10. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153) FB-Diseases-3612-14 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-11-17 00:00:00 2003-12-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=3612&StockCode=3808 White spot Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 2003 The new ilustrated guide to fish diseases in ornamental tropical and pond fish. Bassleer Biofish, Stationstraat 130, 2235 Westmeerbeek, Belgium, 1st Edition, 232 p. (Ref. 48502) FB-Habitat-3612 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2008-05-28 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3612 benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19