FB-3 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Oreochromis Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) Kihorno Ngege Qoroosoo Tilapia nilowa Tilápia Tilápia-do-nilo Tilápia-do-Nilo Logokpa Koroso Bulti Tlamoun nilský Nilcichlide Nil-mundruger Baringo-Nilbuntbarsch Lake Eduard-Nilbuntbarsch Nilbuntbarsch Nil-Maulbrüter Tilapie Baringo tilapia Cichlid Edward tilapia Mango fish Mozambique tilapia Nile tilapia Nilotica Suguta tilapia Tilapia Turkana tilapia Niiluse vääristilaapia Akpafiatsi Gbolonu Logokpa Ekouni maleya Niilintilapia Carpe Tilapia du Nil Didee Bugu Falga Garagaza Gargaza Karfasa Amnun yeor Ifunu Mpupa Chikadai Karwa 나일틸라피아 Nila Тилапия нильская Ngege Perege Sato Uganda Munruvare Niltilapia Tilapia திலேப்பி Pla pla Tilapia Pla nil ปลานิล Israil çipurası Tatlı su çipurası Tilapya Тиляпія Cá Rô phi vằn Rô phi Wass Epia Epiya Wesafu Mojarra Tilapia Tilapia del Nilo Tilapia nilótica Apa Biering-pill Gmnit Igihonda Ihere Ingege y'inyamugera Isake Kiumbwi Kokine Kpakaru Mahere Matole Nila Nila merah Nilska tilapija Nin Nsogora Nyamami Oro Owe Peng-pill Petit lapia Rogene Sale Sibore Sigir orok Sopore Tɛbɛnfin Tegr-pere Tilapia Tilapiya Tome Trey tilapia chhnoht Tsokungi Ukuobu Zogora Zogoro 大鱗口孵非鯽大鳞口孵非鲫尼罗非鲫尼羅口孵非鯽(引進) 尼羅口孵魚尼羅非鯽尼罗口孵非鲫(引进) 尼罗口孵鱼巴林口孵非鯽巴林口孵非鲫格紋口孵非鯽格纹口孵非鲫沃氏口孵非鯽沃氏口孵非鲫菲洛口孵非鯽菲洛口孵非鲫萨格口孵非鲫薩格口孵非鯽 Chromis guentheri Steindachner, 1864 Chromis nilotica (Linnaeus, 1758) Chromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Chromis tristrami (non Günther, 1860) Oreochromis cancellatus cancellatus (Nichols, 1923) Oreochromis cancellatus filoa Trewavas, 1983 Oreochromis nilotica (Linnaeus, 1758) Oreochromis nilotica filoa Trewavas, 1983 Oreochromis nilotics (Linnaeus, 1758) Oreochromis niloticus baringoensis Trewavas, 1983 Oreochromis niloticus cancellatus (Nichols, 1923) Oreochromis niloticus eduardianus (Boulenger, 1912) Oreochromis niloticus edwardianus (Boulenger, 1912) Oreochromis niloticus filoa Trewavas, 1983 Oreochromis niloticus lancellatus (Nichols, 1923) Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Oreochromis niloticus sugutae Trewavas, 1983 Oreochromis niloticus tana Seyoum & Kornfield, 1992 Oreochromis niloticus vulcani (Trewavas, 1933) Oreochromis vulcani (Trewavas, 1933) Perca nilotica Linnaeus, 1758 Sarotherodon niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Squalus maculatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Tilapia calciati Gianferrari, 1924 Tilapia cancellata Nichols, 1923 Tilapia crassispina Arambourg, 1948 Tilapia eduardiana Boulenger, 1912 Tilapia esduardiana Boulenger, 1912 Tilapia inducta Trewavas, 1933 Tilapia nilotica (Linnaeus, 1758) Tilapia nilotica cancellata Nichols, 1923 Tilapia nilotica eduardiana Boulenger, 1912 Tilapia nilotica nilotica (Linnaeus, 1758) Tilapia nilotica regani Poll, 1932 Tilapia nilotious (Linnaeus, 1758) Tilapia regani Poll, 1932 Tilapia vulcani Trewavas, 1933 1990-10-17 2017-12-13 Trewavas, E.0 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. 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XV + 502 pp. (Ref. 127520) Lederoun, D., V.H. Ahouanganon, R.A. Dagnide, P. Vandewalle and P. Lalèyè0 Evaluation of length-weight and length-length relationships of some of the most abundant commercial fishes from the Couffo River basin (Benin, West Africa). Fisheries & Aquatic Life 30(2):63-73. (Ref. 128374) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Mengistu, A.A., C. Aragaw, M. Mengist and G. Goshu0 The fish and fisheries of Lake Tana. p. 157-177. In K. Stave, G. Goshu and S. Aynalem (eds.) Social and ecological system dynamics: characteristics, trends, and integration in the Lake Tana basin, Ethiopia. AESS Interdisciplinary Environmental Studies and Sciences Series, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland. 669 p. (Ref. 128753) Chan, J.C.F., A.H.F. Tsang, S.-M. Yau, T.C.H. Hui, A. Lau, H.H. Tan, B.W. Low, D. Dudgeon and J.H. Liew0 The non-native freshwater fishes of Hong Kong: diversity, distributions, and origins. Raffles Bull. Zool. 71:128-168. (Ref. 129032) Esmaeili, H.R. and N. Hamidan0 Inland fishes of the Arabian Peninsula: Review and a revised checklist. Zootaxa 5330(2):201-226. (Ref. 129076) Amarasinghe, U.S.0 The fishery of two man-made lakes in Sri Lanka, and strategies for management. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka. 237 pp. (Ref. 131577) Amarasinghe, U.S., R.P.P.K. Jayasinghe and J. Moreau0 Length-based stock assessment of Oreochromis mossambicus and O. niloticus (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Cichlidae) in multi-mesh gillnet fisheries in reservoirs of Sri Lanka. Acta Ichthyologica et Pischatoria 47:265-277. (Ref. 131578) Balirwa, J.S.0 The biology, ecology, population parameters and the fishery of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L). In:The biology, ecology, management and conservation of the fisheries of Lakes Victoria, Kyoga and Nabugabo, pp. 26-38. Fisheries Research Institute, Uganda. (Ref. 131580) Bwanika, G.N., D.J. Murie and L.J. Chapman0 Comparative age and growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) in lakes Nabugabo and Wamala, Uganda. Hydrobiologia 589:287-301. (Ref. 131581) Njiru, M., J.E. Ojuok, J.B. Okeyo-Owuor, M. Muchiri, M.J. Ntiba and I.G. Cowx0 Some biological aspects and life history strategies of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) in Lake Victoria, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology 44:30-37. (Ref. 131589) Novaes, J.L.C. and E.D. Carvalho0 Reproduction, food dynamics and exploitation level of Oreochromis niloticus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from artisanal fisheries in Barra Bonita Reservoir, Brazil. Revista de Biología Tropical (International Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation) 60:721-734. (Ref. 131590) Tesfaye, G., M. Wolff and M. Taylor0 Gear selectivity of fishery target resources in Lake Koka, Ethiopia: evaluation and management implications. Hydrobiologia 765:277-295. (Ref. 131591) Waithaka, E., E. Yongo, N. Outa and E. Mutethya0 Population Biology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Lakes & Reservoirs:Science, Policy and Management for Sustainable Use 25:244-249. (Ref. 131592) Amarasinghe, U.S. and D., Pauly0 The relationship between size at maturity and maximum size in cichlid populations corroborates the Gill-Oxygen Limitation Theory (GOLT). Asian Fish. Sci., 34(1):14-22. (Ref. 131594) Hontonyon, E. W.0 Fish catches among water side communities of Badagry, Lagos State, Nigeria. Lagos State University, Department of Fisheries, Thesis. (Ref. 132914) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-2-10379 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif Robbie N. Cada 1993-07-01 2008-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Ornilnu0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Ornilnu0.gif FB-pic-2-13870 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-03-19 2000-12-17 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Ornil_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Ornil_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-18 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Adults occur in a wide variety of freshwater habitats like rivers, lakes, sewage canals and irrigation channels (Ref. 28714). They do not do well in pure salt water, but able to survive in brackish water (Ref. 52307). Mainly diurnal. They feed mainly on phytoplankton or benthic algae. Additionally, insect larvae are of some importance, as are aufwuchs and detritus; juveniles tend to be more omnivorous than adults (Ref. 52307). Oviparous (Ref. 205), ovophilic (Ref. 52307). A maternal mouthbrooder (Ref. 2, 28714, 52307, 118638), males dig simple pits in shallow water (Ref. 118638). May mature early (about 11 cm TL females, 14 cm TL males) (Ref. 28714). Globally, the most important tilapia species in fish farming and supports major capture fisheries where established; generally highly invasive and known to hybridise with many other Oreochromis species and for this reason further stocking has been banned in a number of countries, e.g. South Africa, Malawi and Zambia (Ref. 118638). Extended temperature range 8-42 °C, natural temperature range 13.5 - 33 °C (Ref. 3). Maximum depth from Ref. 34290. Marketed fresh and frozen (Ref. 9987). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2022-10-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Diagnosis: A large deep-bodied tilapia, with a relatively small head (Ref. 118638). Jaws of mature male not greatly enlarged, length of lower jaw 29-37% of head length; genital papilla of breeding male not tassellated (Ref. 2). Body depth 36-50% of SL (Ref. 28714). Most distinguishing characteristic is the presence, at all life stages, of regular vertical stripes throughout depth of caudal fin (Ref. 4967, 53405, 118638). In smaller fishes, these are relatively wide and form an arc, and start at the base of the caudal fin (Ref. 118638). Males are bluish pink, sometimes with a dark throat, belly, anal and pelvic fins; females are usually brownish, silvery/white beneath with around 10 thin vertical bars (Ref. 118638).Description: Lower pharyngeal bone longer than broad, its anterior part longer than toothed part; outer jaw teeth bicuspid, inner jaw teeth tricuspid, posterior pharyngeal teeth bicuspid and stout; 3-4 rows of teeth in jaws (3-5, rarely 6, in specimens over 200 mm SL); micro-gillrakers present; scales cycloid (Ref. 53405).Coloration: margin of dorsal fin grey or black; vertical bars in caudal fin 7-12 (Ref. 2). Regular black cross bars on caudal fin; ground colour greyish, relatively dark in adults; back olivaceous-green, sides paler, with 6-9 rather indistinct cross bars; belly whitish; upper lip pale green or white, lower lip white; dorsal and anal fins greyish, sometimes with very narrow red margin, soft part of fin with vertical lines (or with aligned light spots resembling striped pattern); pelvic fins grey, pectorals transparent; "tilapian" spot lacking in adults but very distinct in fingerlings which also have more distinct cross bars and very prominent black spot on upper part of caudal peduncle; throat, belly and unpaired fins black in mature males (Ref. 53405). Head and trunk in breeding male suffused with red (Ref. 28714). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Morphology-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2022-10-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 15 - 18; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 13; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 9 - 11; Vertebrae: 30 - 32 Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Distribution-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Africa: naturally occurring in coastal rivers of Israel (Ref. 5166), Nile basin (including lake Albert, Edward and Tana), Jebel Marra, Lake Kivu, Lake Tanganyika, Awash River, various Ethiopian lakes, Omo River system, Lake Turkana, Suguta River and Lake Baringo (Ref. 2). In West Africa natural distribution covers the basins of the Senegal, Gambia, Volta, Niger, Benue and Chad, with introduced specimens reported from various coastal basins (Ref. 53405). Widely introduced for aquaculture, with many existing strains. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction. The following subspecies were previously recognized: Oreochromis niloticus baringoensis, Oreochromis niloticus cancellatus, Oreochromis niloticus eduardianus, Oreochromis niloticus filoa, Oreochromis niloticus niloticus, Oreochromis niloticus sugutae, Oreochromis niloticus tana and Oreochromis niloticus vulcani. Trewavas, E. and G.G. Teugels 1991 Oreochromis. p. 307-346. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5166) FB-Uses-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-18 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Garibaldi, L. 1996 List of animal species used in aquaculture. FAO Fish. Circ. 914. 38 p. (Ref. 12108) FB-Migration-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106) FB-LifeCycle-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Sexual maturity is reached at 3-6 months depending on temperature, reaching about 30 g. Reproduction occurs only when temperatures are over 20°C. Several yearly spawnings every 30 days. Females incubate eggs inside their mouths (approximately for a week) where larvae hatch and remain until the vitellus is reabsorved. Egg size 1.5 mm, larval length at hatching 4 mm.Spawns in firm sand in water from 0.6 to 2 m deep of lakes (Ref. 2) and inshore waters (Ref. 55624). Males set up and defend territory which are visited by the females. Courtship lasts several hours. A single male probably fertilises the eggs of more than one female (Ref. 55624). Eggs are shed in batches in shallow nest and fertilized by male. Each batch of eggs is picked up into oral cavity by female. Females solely involved in broodcare. Female carries up to 200 eggs in her mouth where the larvae hatch and remain until after the yolk-sac is absorbed. Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-TrophicStrategy-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-19 00:00:00 2011-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public niloticus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Inhabit the littoral zone of lakes and are abundant in Lakes Turkana (Rudolf) and Albert. Although a freshwater species they are also found in brackish water like in the Nile Delta. The area occupied by the species extends from 8° S to 32° N and from 6000 ft (1830 m) to sea level. O. niloticus of Lake Edward form very large schools of 100 sq.m or more at the lake surface when feeding. The species takes epiphytic algae, diatoms or plankton according to conditions. (See also Ref. 3736). Philippart, J.-C. and J.-C. Ruwet 1982 Ecology and distribution of tilapias. p. 15-60. In R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell (eds.) The biology and culture of tilapias. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 7. (Ref. 3) FB-Size-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-18 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 60.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4967)); max. published weight: 4,324 g (Ref. 40637); max. reported age: 9 years (Ref. 164) Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) Noakes, D.G.L. and E.K. Balon 1982 Life histories of tilapias: an evolutionary perspective. p. 61-82. In R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell (eds.) The biology and culture of tilapias. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 7. (Ref. 164) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-2-310 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-12-22 00:00:00 2005-01-21 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Acanthogyrus Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-2-282 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-11-12 00:00:00 2004-06-09 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Aeromonasis in Tilapia. Bacterial diseases Wada, K. 1990 Aeromonas infectious disease of Oreochromis niloticus. J. Yoshoku-Disease Leaflet No. 146. (Ref. 4869) FB-Diseases-2-157 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-09-27 00:00:00 2005-09-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Aeromonosis. Bacterial diseases Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-2-401 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2005-09-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Alitropus Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-1572 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-07-18 00:00:00 2005-07-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Amplicaecum Infection (Larvae). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-2-399 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Caligus Infestation 3. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-308 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-07-23 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Cichlidogyrus Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-1440 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-01-21 00:00:00 2005-02-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Cichlidogyrus Infestation 10. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-2-556 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Cichlidogyrus Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-557 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Cichlidogyrus Infestation 3. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-558 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Cichlidogyrus Infestation 4. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-1292 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-07-19 00:00:00 2004-07-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Cichlidogyrus Infestation 5. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Martinez, V.M.V., M.L.A. Macedo, T. Scholz, D.G. Solis and E.F.M. Franco 2002 Atlas de los helmintos parásitos de cíclidos de México. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Dirección de Publicaciones Tresguerras 27, 06040, México, D.F. (Ref. 51032) FB-Diseases-2-551 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Cichlidogyrus Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-1265 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-07-18 00:00:00 2005-07-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Contracaecum Disease (larvae). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-2-443 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2002-10-25 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Cristaria Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-359 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-07-22 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Cryptobia Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-32 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dactylogyrus Gill Flukes Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Nguenga, D. 1988 A note on infestation of Oreochromis niloticus with Trichodina sp. and Dactylogyrus sp. p. 117-119. In R.S.V. Pullin, T. Bhukaswan, K. Tonguthai and J.L. Maclean (eds.) The Second International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 15, 623 p. Dept. of Fish., Bangkok, Thailand and ICLARM, Manila, Philippines. (Ref. 176) FB-Diseases-2-1550 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-09-12 00:00:00 2005-09-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Dactylosoma Infection 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Baker, J.R. 1960 Trypanosomes and dactylosomes from the blood of fresh-water fish in East-Africa. Parasitology 50:515-526. (Ref. 52501) FB-Diseases-2-1439 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-01-21 00:00:00 2005-01-21 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dilepid Cestode larvae Infestation (general sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-2-9 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-03-10 00:00:00 2004-03-10 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Edwardsiellosis. Bacterial diseases Plumb, J.A. 1999 Edwardsiella Septicaemias. p.479-521. In P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Bruno (eds.) Fish Diseases and Disorders, Vol. 3: Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Infections. CAB Int'l. (Ref. 48850) FB-Diseases-2-562 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Enterogyrus Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-57 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-02-26 00:00:00 2004-02-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Epitheliocystis. Bacterial diseases Lannan, C.N., J.L. Batholomew and J.L. Fryer 1999 Chlamydial infections of fish: Epitheliocystis. p.255-267. In P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Bruno (eds.) Fish Diseases and Disorders Vol. 3: Viral, bacterial and fungal infections. CABI Int'l. (Ref. 48851) FB-Diseases-2-471 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-09-06 00:00:00 2005-09-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Ergasilus Disease 3. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Lopez, N.C. 2001 Parasitic crustaceans in fishes from some Philippine lakes. p.75-79. In C.B. Santiago, M.L. Cuvin-Aralar and Z.U. Basiao (eds) Conservation and ecological management of Philippine lakes in relation to fisheries and aquaculture. SEAFDEC, Aquacult. Dept., Iloilo,Phil., PCAMRD, Los Baños, Lag., & BFAR Q.C. Phil.,187p. (Ref. 45120) FB-Diseases-2-361 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-08-07 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution False Fungal Infection (Apiosoma sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-363 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-08-07 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 False Fungal Infection (Epistylis sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-19 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-03-21 00:00:00 2003-03-21 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Fish louse Infestation 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. (Ref. 42533) FB-Diseases-2-1149 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-08-30 00:00:00 2005-08-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Fish tuberculosis (FishMB). Bacterial diseases Roberts, R.J. and C. Sommerville 1982 Diseases of tilapias. p. 247-263. In R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell (eds.) The biology and culture of tilapias. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 7. (Ref. 82) FB-Diseases-2-1336 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-05-20 00:00:00 2005-05-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Fish Tuberculosis 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-2-1267 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-08-11 00:00:00 2004-08-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Gnathostoma Disease (larvae). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Martinez, V.M.V., M.L.A. Macedo, T. Scholz, D.G. Solis and E.F.M. Franco 2002 Atlas de los helmintos parásitos de cíclidos de México. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Dirección de Publicaciones Tresguerras 27, 06040, México, D.F. (Ref. 51032) FB-Diseases-2-563 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Gyrodactylus Infestation 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-564 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-28 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Gyrodactylus Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-553 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-24 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Ichthyophthirius Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-283 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-09-02 00:00:00 2005-09-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Iridovirosis. Viral diseases McGrogan, D.G., V.E. Ostaland, P.J. Byrne and H.W. Ferguson 1998 Systemic disease involving an iridovirus-like agent in cultured tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L. - a case report. J. Fish Dis. 21:149-152. (Ref. 47596) FB-Diseases-2-565 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2005-09-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Lamproglena Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-1539 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-05-20 00:00:00 2005-05-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Myxobacterial Infections. Bacterial diseases Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-2-63 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-08-23 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Skin Flukes. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-365 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-06-20 00:00:00 2005-06-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Sporozoa-infection (Myxobolus sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-2-376 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Transversotrema Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-561 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Trichodina Infestation 10. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-416 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Trichodina Infestation 5. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-559 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Trichodina Infestation 8. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-560 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2002-10-25 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Trichodina Infestation 9. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-404 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-24 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Trichodina Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-58 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Trichodinosis. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Nguenga, D. 1988 A note on infestation of Oreochromis niloticus with Trichodina sp. and Dactylogyrus sp. p. 117-119. In R.S.V. Pullin, T. Bhukaswan, K. Tonguthai and J.L. Maclean (eds.) The Second International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 15, 623 p. Dept. of Fish., Bangkok, Thailand and ICLARM, Manila, Philippines. (Ref. 176) FB-Diseases-2-555 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Tripartiella Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-407 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-25 00:00:00 2004-03-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Tripartiella Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-2-342 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-06-03 00:00:00 2005-06-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Trypanosoma Infection. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-2-1375 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-09-12 00:00:00 2005-09-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Trypanosoma Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Baker, J.R. 1960 Trypanosomes and dactylosomes from the blood of fresh-water fish in East-Africa. Parasitology 50:515-526. (Ref. 52501) FB-Diseases-2-402 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-03-21 00:00:00 2004-02-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Turbidity of the Skin (Freshwater fish). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. (Ref. 42533) FB-Diseases-2-1592 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-09-26 00:00:00 2005-09-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Whirling Viral Disease of Tilapia Larvae. Viral diseases Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-2-87 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 2002-08-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2&StockCode=1 Yellow Grub. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Kabata, Z. 1985 Parasites and diseases of fish cultured in the tropics. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, UK. 318 p. FB-Habitat-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-18 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 126106); freshwater; brackish; depth range 0 - 20 m (Ref. 32849), usually ? - 20 m (Ref. 34290) Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106) Wudneh, T. 1998 Biology and management of fish stocks in Bahir Dar Gulf, Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands. 144 p. Ph. D. dissertation. (Ref. 32849) van Oijen, M.J.P. 1995 Appendix I. Key to Lake Victoria fishes other than haplochromine cichlids. p. 209-300. In F. Witte and W.L.T. van Densen (eds.) Fish stocks and fisheries of Lake Victoria. A handbook for field observations. Samara Publishing Limited, Dyfed, Great Britain. (Ref. 34290)