FB-290 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=290 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Siluriformes Ictaluridae Ictalurus Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818) Malle Esbele Esbele Europaiye Esbeleh Gorba-mahi Mahi-e Sebili Nake Sum Sum pospolity Peixe-gato Siluro-europeu Peshku mace europian Siluri جري أو سمكة نهرية دون زعانف Som Sumec Sumec obecny Sumec velký Pencath Europæisk malle Malle målle Donauwels Europäischer flußwels Schaden Schaiden Schait Scharn Scheid Scheidel Uwelra Wälin Waller Wallerfisch Welro Wels Wils Wilß Wölz Danube catfish European catfish Sheatfish Som catfish Wels Wels catfish Harilik säga säga Monni Säkiä Silure glane שפמנון אירופאי Harcsa Siluro sams šamas Som Obyknovennyi Obyknovennyi som Som обыкновенный (европейский) сом Сом сом Сом европейский сом европейский Som Sumec obycajný Mal Yayin baligi Yayın balığı Rechnoi som Сом Siluro Glanidi Goulianos Iaprac Iarma Kalis Meerval Moaca Som Somn Somn-pana Somotei Γιαγίνι Γουλιανός Жаян گربه ماهي گربه ماهي روگاهي 欧鲇 欧鲶 欧鲶(引进) 歐鯰(引進) Siluris glanis Linnaeus, 1758 Silurus glanis aralensis Kessler, 1872 Silurus silurus Wulff, 1765 1990-10-17 2019-08-19 Flower, S.S.0 Further notes on the duration of life in animals. 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Ates0 Length-Weight relationship of 13 fish species from the Lower Sakarya River, Turkey. Aquat. Sci. Eng. 34(3):86-89. (Ref. 121682) Tammiksaar, E. and K. Kangur0 Fish and fishing in Lake Peipsi (Estonia/Russia) since 1851: Similarities and differences between historical and modern times. J. Great Lakes Res. 46(2020):862-869. (Ref. 122793) Boulêtreau, S. and F. Santoul0 The end of the mythical giant catfish. Ecosphere 7(11)[e01606]:1-5. (Ref. 123627) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Vanovac, S., D. Howard, C.T. Monk, R. Arlinghaus and P.J. Giabbanelli0 Network analysis of intra- and interspecific freshwater fish interactions using year-around tracking. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 18(183) (Ref. 129442) Carol, J., L. Zamora and E. García‐Berthou0 Preliminary telemetry data on the movement patterns and habitat use of European catfish (<i>Silurus glanis</i>) in a reservoir of the River Ebro, Spain Ecology of Freshwater Fish 16(3):450-456. (Ref. 129678) Capra, H., H. Pella and M. Ovidio0 Individual movements, home ranges and habitat use by native rheophilic cyprinids and non‐native catfish in a large regulated river. Fisheries Management and Ecology 25(2):136-149. (Ref. 130148) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435) Keskin, A. and D. Pauly0 Testing predictions of length at first maturity of teleostean fishes, given their maximum length. Cybium 47(3):249-257. (Ref. 131385) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-289-44579 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg Information Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 2006-04-11 2006-04-11 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=289 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Sigla_ua.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Sigla_ua.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=289 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution The maximum length of the species has been recorded as 5 m for a long time and the maximum weight as 306 kg . It has been demonstatred that misidentifications and problems of measurment units have led to these numbers. The recorded maxima with evidence are 2.73 m and 130 kg (Ref. 123627). Inhabits large and medium size lowland rivers, backwaters and well vegetated lakes (Ref. 59043). Occurs mainly in large lakes and rivers, though occasionally enters brackish water in the Baltic and Black Seas (Ref. 9988). Found in deep waters of dams constructed on the lower reaches of rivers (Ref. 9696). A nocturnal predator, foraging near bottom and in water column. Larvae and juveniles are benthic, feeding on a wide variety of invertebrates and fish. Adults prey on fish and other aquatic vertebrates. Attains first sexual maturity at 2-3 years of age (Ref. 59043). Spawns in the salt water of the Aral Sea (at Kulandy) (Ref. 1441). Marketed fresh, canned and frozen; can be pan-fried and baked (Ref. 9988). Locally threatened due to river regulation destroying shallow spawning sites (Ref. 59043). Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-DiagnosticDescr-289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-10-25 00:00:00 2010-07-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=289 Distinguished from all other freshwater fishes in Europe by the following unique characters: two pairs of mental barbels; and anal fin with 83-91½ rays. Differs further from the following combination of features: body naked; large, depressed head; dorsal fin with 2-4½ rays; caudal fin rounded or truncate; no adipose fin; and anal rays almost touching caudal (Ref. 59043). Caudal fin with 17 rays (Ref. 2196). Keith, P. and J. Allardi (coords.) 2001 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de France. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Patrimoines naturels, 47:1-387. (Ref. 40476) FB-Morphology-289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-10-25 00:00:00 2010-07-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=289 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 4 - 5; Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 83 - 95 Keith, P. and J. Allardi (coords.) 2001 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de France. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Patrimoines naturels, 47:1-387. (Ref. 40476) FB-Distribution-289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=289 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Europe and Asia. North, Baltic, Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins, as far north as southern Sweden and Finland; Aegean Sea basin in Maritza and from Struma to Sperchios drainages; Turkey. Absent from the rest of Mediterranean basin. Now widely introduced and translocated throught Europe and Lake Balkhash basin in Kazakhstan. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction. Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Uses-289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=289 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Garibaldi, L. 1996 List of animal species used in aquaculture. FAO Fish. Circ. 914. 38 p. (Ref. 12108) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Flower, S.S. 1935 Further notes on the duration of life in animals. I. Fishes: as determined by otolith and scale-readings and direct observations on living individuals. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 2:265-304. (Ref. 274) FB-LifeCycle-289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=289&StockCode=303 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Males defend small territories in the spawning sites and construct nests made of plant materials. They dig shallow depressions or clean spawning substrate such as willow (Salix) and roots. Males guard the nests until larvae emerge. Spawns in pairs. Eggs hatch in 2-3 days. Larvae live in the nest until yolk sac is absorbed for 2-4 (Ref. 59043). Eggs are surrounded by a mucous and adherent wrapping. Incubation lasts about 50 hours at 24°C. Egg size 3 mm, larval length at hatching 8.5 mm (Ref. 26211). Lelek, A. 1987 Threatened fishes of Europe. The freshwater fishes of Europe Vol.9. Aula-Verlag Wiesbaden. 343. (Ref. 26211) FB-TrophicStrategy-289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-09-19 00:00:00 2008-03-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ glanis Found in deep waters of dams constructed in the lower reaches of rivers (Ref. 9696). Omarov, O.P. and O.A. Popova 1985 Feeding behavior of pike, <i>Esox lucius</i> and catfish, <i>Silurus glanis</i>, in the Arakum Reservoirs of Dagestan. J. Ichthyol. 25(1):25-36. (Ref. 9053) FB-Size-289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=289 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 273 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 123627)); max. published weight: 130.0 kg (Ref. 123627); max. reported age: 80 years (Ref. 59043) Boulêtreau, S. and F. Santoul 2016 The end of the mythical giant catfish. Ecosphere 7(11)[e01606]:1-5. (Ref. 123627) Boulêtreau, S. and F. Santoul 2016 The end of the mythical giant catfish. Ecosphere 7(11)[e01606]:1-5. (Ref. 123627) Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-289-17 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-02-23 00:00:00 2004-02-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=289&StockCode=303 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat SVC. Viral diseases Fijan, N. 1999 Spring viraemia of carp and other viral diseases and agents of warm-water fish. p.177-244. In P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Bruno (eds.) Fish Diseases and Disorders, Vol. 3: Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Infections. CAB Int'l. (Ref. 48847) FB-Habitat-289 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=289 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution benthopelagic; non-migratory; freshwater; brackish; depth range 0 - 30 m (Ref. 9988) Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988)