FB-25972 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25972 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Callionymiformes Callionymidae Callionymus Callionymus fasciatus Valenciennes, 1837 Halfspine seahorse Half-spined seahorse Hedgehog seahorse Queensland seahorse Seahorse Winged seahorse Cheval marin Grand hippocampe Kuda laut landak Undok-undok Cá Ngựa 棘海馬 棘海马 Hippocampus aimei Roule, 1916 Hippocampus alatus Kuiter, 2001 Hippocampus arnei Roule, 1916 Hippocampus histrix (non Kaup, 1856) Hippocampus kuda (non Bleeker, 1852) Hippocampus queenslandicus Horne, 2001 Hippocampus semispinosus Kuiter, 2001 Hippocampus sp. 2 Not applicable Hippocampus sp. 3 Not applicable Hippocampus species 4 Not applicable Hippocampus whitei (non Bleeker, 1855) 1997-01-20 2018-04-23 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Herre, A.W.C.T.0 Check list of Philippine fishes. Res. Rep. U.S. Fish Wild. Serv. (20):1-977. (Ref. 280) Gloerfelt-Tarp, T. and P.J. Kailola0 Trawled fishes of southern Indonesia and northwestern Australia. Australian Development Assistance Bureau, Australia, Directorate General of Fishes, Indonesia, and German Agency for Technical Cooperation, Federal Republic of Germany. 407 p. (Ref. 5978) Grant, E.0 Fishes of Australia. E. M. Grant PTY Limited, Queensland, Australia. (Ref. 6872) Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley0 Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300) Kottelat, M.0 Zoogeography of the fishes from Indochinese inland waters with an annotated check-list. Bull. Zoöl. Mus. Univ. Amsterdam 12(1):1-55. (Ref. 12041) Baillie, J. and B. Groombridge (eds.)0 1996 IUCN red list of threatened animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 378 p. (Ref. 12255) Lourie, S.A., A.C.J. Vincent and H.J. Hall0 Seahorses: an identification guide to the world's species and their conservation. Project Seahorse, London. 214 p. (Ref. 30915) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of November 1999. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in November 1999. (Ref. 33021) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Hilton-Taylor, C.0 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xviii + 61 p. (with 1 CD-ROM). (Ref. 36508) Randall, J.E. and K.K.P. Lim (eds.)0 A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667. (Ref. 36648) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Kuiter, R.H.0 Revision of the Australian seahorses of the genus <i>Hippocampus</i> (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Rec. Aus. Mus. 53:293-340. (Ref. 42735) Aprieto, V.L. and E.P. Villoso0 Demersal fish resources of Lingayen Gulf. Fish. Res. J. Phillips. 7(2):40-49. (Ref. 43020) Kuiter, R.H.0 Seahorses, pipefishes and their relatives: a comprehensive guide to Syngnathiformes. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, England. (Ref. 45091) Allen, G.R. and M. Adrim0 Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72. (Ref. 47567) Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka0 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302. (Ref. 48635) Foster, S.J. and A.C.J. Vincent0 Life history and ecology of seahorses: implications for conservation and management. J. Fish Biol. 65(1):1-61. (Ref. 52034) Nguyen, V.L. and H.H. Do0 Biological parameters of two exploited seahorse species in a Vietnamese fishery. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference in Marine Conservation, Hong Kong. (Ref. 53181) Truong, S.K. and T.N.M. Nga0 Reproduction of two species of seahorses, <i>Hippocampus histrix</i> and <i>H. trimaculatus</i> in Binhthuan waters. Bao Cao Khoa Hoc 27:68. (Ref. 53425) Nghia, N.V.0 Fishes of Viet Nam. Unpublished compilation of Nguyen Viet Nghia. (Ref. 55784) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154) Fricke, R.0 Review of the pipefishes and seahorses (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) of New Caledonia, with descriptions of five new species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturkd., Ser. A Nr. 668:1-67. (Ref. 75989) Department of Fisheries Malaysia0 Valid local name of Malaysian marine fishes. Department of Fisheries Malaysia. Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry. 180 p. (Ref. 85449) Fricke, R., M. Kulbicki and L. Wantiez0 Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 4:341-463. (Ref. 86942) Adrim, M., I.-S. Chen, Z.-P. Chen, K.K.P. Lim, F.H. Tan, Y. Yusof and Z. Jaafar0 Marine fishes recorded from the Anambas and Natuna Islands, South China Sea. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Suppl. No. 11:117-130. (Ref. 89611) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 25 September 2012. UNEP. (Ref. 93496) CITES and UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 05 February 2015. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. Http://checklist.cites.org. [Accessed 04/11/2015]. (Ref. 102318) CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 10 March 2016. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 23/06/2016]. (Ref. 108899) Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster0 A global revision of the seahorses <i>Hippocampus</i> Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 04 April 2017. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 01/08/2017]. (Ref. 115941) CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 04 October 2017. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 08/17/2017]. (Ref. 118484) Tsuboi, M., W. van der Bijl, B.T. Kopperud, J. Erritzoe, K.L. Voje, A. Kotrschal, K.E. Yopak, S.P. Collin, A.N. Iwaniuk and N. Kolm0 Breakdown of brain-body allometry and the encephalization of birds and mammals. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2:1495-1500. (Ref. 118717) Hazes, B.0 Hazes' underwater photos. Collection of Philippine underwater photos. Unpublished. (Ref. 127519) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 11 January 2023 and 25 November 2023. UNEP. (Ref. 128078) Horne, M.L.0 A new seahorse species (Syngnathidae: <I>Hippocampus</I>) from the Great Barrier Reef. Rec. of the Australian Mus. 53:243-246. (Ref. 128284) Camins, E., L.M. Stanton, M.J. Correia and A.C.J. Vincent0 Comprehensive review of advances in life history of 35 seahorse species, drawn from community science. Fisheries Centre Research Report 31(1):107p. (Ref. 128812) Foster, S.J.0 Implementation of CITES Appendix II listing for seahorses in the context of export bans and suspensions. Fisheries Centre Research Report 31(3):306 pp. (Ref. 129070) Meerwasser-Lexikon Team0 <i>Hippocampus semispinosus</i>. Meerwasser-Lexikon.de (accessed 22/01/2024). (Ref. 130605) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III. UNEP. (Ref. 131153) Camins, E., L.M. Stanton, M.J. Correia, S.J. Foster, H.J. Koldewey and A.C.J. Vincent0 Advances in life‐history knowledge for 35 seahorse species from community science. J. Fish Biol. 104(5):1548-1565. (Ref. 137497) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-25974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1997-01-20 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25974 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Found in the continental shelf, on muddy, sandy bottoms, rubbles and in coral reefs (Ref. 75154); in a sponge or seagrass habitat, often attached to hard and soft coral species (Ref. 128284). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Maximum length is based on a straight-line length measurement from upper surface (ignoring spines) of first trunk ring, to tip of tail; female 13.8 cm (Ref. 42735). Less desirable for traditional Chinese medicine, but use may increase with the rise in patent medicines. Taken in trawls (Ref. 42735). Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster 2016 A global revision of the seahorses <i>Hippocampus</i> Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213) FB-DiagnosticDescr-25974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 2000-01-20 00:00:00 2016-06-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25974 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Description: (based on 53 specimens): Adult height: 5.3-16.0cm. Rings: 11+36 (33-39). Snout length: 2.2-2.3 (2.0-2.4) in head length. Dorsal fin rays: 17-18 (16-20) covering 2+1 rings. Pectoral fin rays: 17 (16-19). Coronet: low-medium with four or five sharp spines. Spines: well-developed, blunt tipped or quite sharp, usually longer on first, fourth, seventh and eleventh trunk rings and with a regular series of longer spines on tail. Other distinctive characters: single or double cheek spines; males with very strongly developed spines bordering pouch (blunt-tipped); no nose spine (or very small); spine in front of coronet not excessively developed. Color pattern: variable; plain, or pale with darker ‘saddles’ across dorsolateral surface and darker cross-bands on tail. Lourie, S.A., A.C.J. Vincent and H.J. Hall 1999 Seahorses: an identification guide to the world's species and their conservation. Project Seahorse, London. 214 p. (Ref. 30915) FB-Morphology-25974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 2000-01-20 00:00:00 2016-06-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25974 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 1620 Lourie, S.A., A.C.J. Vincent and H.J. Hall 1999 Seahorses: an identification guide to the world's species and their conservation. Project Seahorse, London. 214 p. (Ref. 30915) FB-Distribution-25974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1997-01-20 00:00:00 2024-07-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25974 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Indo-Pacific: India and Sri Lanka to Australia; north to China. Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster 2016 A global revision of the seahorses <i>Hippocampus</i> Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213) FB-Uses-25974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1997-01-20 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25974 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Meerwasser-Lexikon Team 2013 <i>Hippocampus semispinosus</i>. Meerwasser-Lexikon.de (accessed 22/01/2024). (Ref. 130605) Meerwasser-Lexikon Team 2013 <i>Hippocampus semispinosus</i>. Meerwasser-Lexikon.de (accessed 22/01/2024). (Ref. 130605) FB-LifeCycle-25974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1997-01-20 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=25974&StockCode=20485 Male carries the eggs in a brood pouch (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-25974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 2005-02-17 00:00:00 2023-08-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public spinosissimus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Dwells in seagrass, rocky reefs, loose rock/pebble/gravel, subtidal rocky and muddy substrates (Ref. 128812), and in soft bottom areas with silt, sand and seagrass (Ref. 129070). Foster, S.J. and A.C.J. Vincent 2004 Life history and ecology of seahorses: implications for conservation and management. J. Fish Biol. 65(1):1-61. (Ref. 52034) FB-Size-25974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1997-01-20 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25974 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 18.0 cm OT (male/unsexed; (Ref. 48635)); 13.6 cm OT (female) Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka 2001 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302. (Ref. 48635) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-25974 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1997-01-20 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25974 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle reef-associated; non-migratory; brackish; marine; depth range 10 - 80 m (Ref. 42735) Kuiter, R.H. 2001 Revision of the Australian seahorses of the genus <i>Hippocampus</i> (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Rec. Aus. Mus. 53:293-340. (Ref. 42735)