FB-2540 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2540 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Carcharhiniformes Triakidae Mustelus Mustelus henlei (Gill, 1863) كلب البحر الأملس البني Brun glathaj Brown smooth hound Brown smoothhound Brown smooth-hound Leopard-kärphai Pruun kärphai Emissole brune Émissole brune Cazón de leche Cazón hilacho Cazón pardo Musola parda Tiburón mamón Bruine toonhaai 汉氏皱唇鲨 漢氏皺唇鯊 褐星鯊 褐星鲨 Rhinotriacis henlei Gill, 1863 Triakis henlei (Gill, 1863) 1992-06-15 2014-08-04 Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Compagno, L.J.V.0 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. 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Dimarchopoulou0 Exploitation and conservation status of the thornback ray (<i>Raja clavata</i>) in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean). Fishes 8(2):117. (Ref. 132125) FB-pic-2540-4176 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1995-05-29 1998-12-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2540 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Muhen_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Muhen_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-2540 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2014-08-04 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2540 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Adults are found on the continental shelves from the intertidal region to at least 200 m depth. They feed on crabs, ghost shrimps, mantis shrimps, isopods, squids, polychaete worms, tunicates and small bony fishes. Viviparous (with a yolk-sac placenta), with 3 to 5 young in a litter. Size at birth between 19 and 21 cm. Readily kept in captivity. Utilized for human consumption. Marketed fresh, smoked and frozen (Ref. 9987). Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244) FB-Distribution-2540 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2025-11-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2540 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Eastern Pacific: northern California, USA to the Gulf of California; Ecuador and Peru. Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244) FB-Uses-2540 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2014-08-04 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2540 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: low; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9987) FB-LifeCycle-2540 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2014-08-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2540&StockCode=2736 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Viviparous with a yolk-sac placenta; with 3 to 5 young in a litter. Size at birth ranges from 19-21 cm (Ref. 244). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Polyandry is a common life history strategy among the elasmobranchs and for M. henlei, the occurrence and frequency of polyandric behavior may vary depending on location and density of breeding individuals (Ref. 95902). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-Size-2540 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2014-08-04 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2540 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 100.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 31395)); max. reported age: 13 years (Ref. 6098) Smith, S.W., D.W. Au and C. Show 1998 Intrinsic rebound potential of 26 species of Pacific sharks. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 49:663-678. (Ref. 31395) Yudin, K.G. and G.M. Cailliet 1990 Age and growth of the gray smoothhound, <i>Mustelus californicus</i>, and the brown smoothhound, <i>M. henlei</i>, from central California. Copeia 1990(1):191-204. (Ref. 6098) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-2540 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2014-08-04 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2540 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle demersal; marine; depth range 0 - 281 m (Ref. 96339) Love, M.S., C.W. Mecklenburg, T.A. Mecklenburg and L.K. Thorsteinson 2005 Resource inventory of marine and estuarine fishes of the West Coast and Alaska: A checklist of North Pacific and Arctic Ocean species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Seattle, Washington, 98104. (Ref. 96339)