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	<dc:identifier>FB-24987</dc:identifier>
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	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Perciformes/Zoarcoidei</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Zoarcidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Melanostigma</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Melanostigma orientale Tominaga, 1971</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Codhead rat tail</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Codhead whiptail</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Codheaded rattail</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>杜父底尾鱈</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>杜父底尾鳕</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Bathygadus sp. Not applicable</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1996-08-15</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-10-01</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2800&amp;speccode=24990'>Iwamoto, T.0 Macrouridae. p. 330-341. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 2800)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=24990'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-477-01427-5(pbk.).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5755&amp;speccode=24990'>Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan0 New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p. (Ref. 5755)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7300&amp;speccode=24990'>Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley0 Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11953&amp;speccode=24990'>Iwamoto, T. and E. Anderson0 Review of the grenadiers (Teleostei: Gadiformes) of southern Africa, with descriptions of four new species. Ichthyol. Bull. J.L.B. Smith Inst. Ichthyol. (61):1-28. (Ref. 11953)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=24990'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=24990'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35908&amp;speccode=24990'>Iwamoto, T. and N.R. Merrett0 Pisces Gadiformes: Taxonomy of grenadiers of the New Caledonian region, southwest Pacific. Mem. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. (176):473-570. (Ref. 35908)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36670&amp;speccode=24990'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43172&amp;speccode=24990'>Parin, N.V., Y.N. Shcherbachev and N.P. Pakhorukov0 Bottom and near-bottom fishes of the Rio Grande Rise (Southwest Atlantic Ocean). J. Ichthyol. 35(9):205-219. (Ref. 43172)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=44037&amp;speccode=24990'>Shcherbachev, Y.N.0 Preliminary list of thalassobathyal fishes of the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian Ocean. J. Ichthyol. 27(2):37-46. (Ref. 44037)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=24990'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75154&amp;speccode=24990'>Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS &amp; CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87166&amp;speccode=24990'>Doonan, I.J., M. Dunn and A.C. Hart0 Abundance estimates of orange roughy on the Northeastern and Eastern Chatham Rise, July 2007: wide-area trawl survey and hill acoustic survery (TAN0709). New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2009/20. 41 p. (Ref. 87166)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101563&amp;speccode=24990'>Crec'hriou, R., V. Zintzen, L. Moore and C.D. Roberts0 Length-weight relationships of 33 fish species from New Zealand. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 31:558-561. (Ref. 101563)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=106682&amp;speccode=24990'>Duffy, C.A.J. and S.T. Ahyong0 Annotated checklist of the marine flora and fauna of the Kermadec Islands Marine Reserve and northern Kermadec Ridge, New Zealand. Bulletin of the Auckland Museum 20:19-124. (Ref. 106682)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1996-08-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2022-04-21 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>A benthic species (Ref. 75154) which occurs in the continental slope (Ref. 7300, 75154).  Minimum depth from Ref. 106682.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11953&amp;speccode=24990'>Iwamoto, T. and E. Anderson 1994 Review of the grenadiers (Teleostei: Gadiformes) of southern Africa, with descriptions of four new species. Ichthyol. Bull. J.L.B. Smith Inst. Ichthyol. (61):1-28. (Ref. 11953)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-24990</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1996-08-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Southern Atlantic, Indian and Pacific:  Mozambique to New Zealand.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11953&amp;speccode=24990'>Iwamoto, T. and E. Anderson 1994 Review of the grenadiers (Teleostei: Gadiformes) of southern Africa, with descriptions of four new species. Ichthyol. Bull. J.L.B. Smith Inst. Ichthyol. (61):1-28. (Ref. 11953)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-24990</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1996-08-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2022-04-21 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>24.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 33839))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33839'>Gomon, M.F., C.J.M. Glover and R.H. Kuiter (eds.) 1994 The fishes of Australia's south coast. State Print, Adelaide. 992 p.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-24990</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>bathydemersal; marine; depth range 950 - 1600 m (Ref. 11953)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11953&amp;speccode=24990'>Iwamoto, T. and E. Anderson 1994 Review of the grenadiers (Teleostei: Gadiformes) of southern Africa, with descriptions of four new species. Ichthyol. Bull. J.L.B. Smith Inst. Ichthyol. (61):1-28. (Ref. 11953)</reference></dataObject>
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