FB-2489 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2489 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Pelmatolapia Pelmatolapia mariae (Boulenger, 1899) Marias tilapia Fünfflecktilapie Marienbuntbarsch Black mangrove cichlid Niger cichlid Spotted tilapia Tilapia Täplätilapia Mpupa Pondaworkei Tigrovaya tsikhlida Epia ajegi A-sannoh Bone back Ifunu Tha thompo Ukuobu 点非鲫 點非鯽 Tilapia mariae Boulenger, 1899 Tilapia mariae dubia Lönnberg, 1904 Tilapia mariae mariae Boulenger, 1899 Tilapia meeki Pellegrin, 1911 Tilapia melanopleura (non Duméril, 1861) Tilapia microcephala (non Günther, 1862) Tilapia dubia Lönnberg, 1904 Tilapia heudeloti (non Duméril, 1861) 1991-03-06 2024-08-12 Wohlfarth, G.W. and G. Hulata0 Applied genetics of tilapias. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 6 (2nd edition), 26 p. (Ref. 21) Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 Description of a new species of <i>Bryoconaethiops</i> (Teleostei: Characidae) from Nigeria and Cameroon. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 1(3):207-212. (Ref. 271) Teugels, G.G., C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and K. Traoré0 État des connaissances sur la faune ichtyologique des bassins côtiers de Côte d'Ivoire et de l'ouest du Ghana. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 21(3):221-237. (Ref. 272) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. (Ref. 276) Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch0 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 1672) Welcomme, R.L.0 International introductions of inland aquatic species. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 294. 318 p. (Ref. 1739) Courtenay, W.R. Jr. and D.A. Hensley0 Special problems associated with monitoring exotic species. p. 281-307. In C.H. Hocutt and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. Biological monitoring of fish. Lexington Books, Lexington, Massachusetts. (Ref. 1982) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814) Vervoort, A.0 The karyotypes of seven species of <i>Tilapia</i> (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Cytologia 45:651-656. (Ref. 3886) Thompson, K.W.0 Some aspects of chromosomal evolution of the Cichlidae (Teleostei: Perciformes) with emphasis on neotropical forms. Ph.D. dissertation. University of Texas, Austin, Texas. (Ref. 3890) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Kamara, A.B.0 A list of the estuarine and marine fishes and some shellfishes of Sierra Leone, with their common names in either Krio or English. Bull. Inst. Mar. Biol. Oceanogr., Fourah Bay Coll., Univ. Sierra Leone, 2(1):47-53. (Ref. 4743) Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 Tilapia. p. 482-508. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5163) Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr0 A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723) Holcík, J.0 Fish introductions in Europe with particular reference to its central and eastern part. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48 (Suppl. 1):13-23. (Ref. 6375) Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 Cichlidae. p. 714-779. In C. Levêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome 2. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 902 p. (Ref. 7378) Majumdar, K.C. and B.J. McAndrew0 Relative DNA content of somatic nuclei and chromosomal studies in three genera, <i>Tilapia</i>, <i>Sarotherodon</i>, and <i>Oreochromis</i> of the tribe Tilapiini (Pisces, Cichlidae). Genetica. 68(3):175-188. (Ref. 8979) Pouyaud, L. and J.-F. Agnèse0 Phylogenetic relationships between 21 species of three tilapiine genera <i>Tilapia</i>, <i>Sarotherodon</i> and <i>Oreochromis</i> using allozyme data. J. Fish Biol. 47(1):26-38. (Ref. 9932) King, R.P.0 Length-weight relationships and related statistics of 73 populations of fish occurring in inland waters of Nigeria. Naga, ICLARM Q. 19(3):49-52. 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Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52861) Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 Cichlidae. p. 521-600. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 815p. (Ref. 53405) Florida Museum of Natural History0 Biological profiles: spotted tilapia. Retrieved on 26 August 2005, from www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/Gallery/Descript/SpottedTilapia/SpottedTilapia.html. Ichthyology at the Florida Museum of Natural History: Education-Biological Profiles. FLMNH, University of Florida. (Ref. 55202) Adebisi, A.A.0 Analyses of the stomach contents of the piscivorous fishes of the upper Ogun River in Nigeria. Hydrobiologia 79(2):167-177. (Ref. 55876) Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 Cichlidae. p. 520-600. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57398) Lalèyè, P.A.0 Length-weight and length-length relationships of fishes from the Ouémé River in Bénin (West Africa). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:330-333. (Ref. 57961) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Iscandari, N.0 A list of the freshwater fishes and some shrimps of Sierra Leone with their vernacular names in Mende, Temne and Limba. Bull. Inst. Mar. Biol. Oceanogr., Fourah Bay Coll., Univ. Sierra Leone, 2(1):54-56. (Ref. 58999) Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Stiassny, M.L.J., A. Lamboj, D. De Weirdt and G.G. Teugels0 Cichlidae. p. 269-403. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 42. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 603p. (Ref. 81260) Konan, K.F., A. Ouattara, M. Ouattara and G. Gourčne0 Weight-length relationship of 57 fish species of the coastal rivers in South-eastern of Ivory coast. Ribarstvo 65(2):49-60. (Ref. 83624) Konan, F.K., F. Leprieur, A. Ouattara, S. Brosse, G. Grenouillet, G. Gourène, P. Winterton and S. Lek0 Spatio-temporal patterns of fish assemblages in coastal West African rivers: a self-organizing map approach. Aquat. Living Resour. 19(4):361-370. (Ref. 83625) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Offem, B.O., Y.A. Samsons and I.T. Omoniyi0 Reproductive aspects of common freshwater fishes in the Cross River, Nigeria. J. Anim. Pl. Sci. 18(4):130-138. (Ref. 85170) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Dunz, A.R. and U.K. Schliewen0 Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as "<i>Tilapia</i>". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 68(1):64-80. (Ref. 93285) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Ezemonye, L.I.N. and F.A. Osiezaghe0 Interspecific variations in the fecundity of some dominant fish populations in Ikpoba River, Nigeria. Biological Sciences-PJSIR 48(5):338-344. (Ref. 127456) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) Chan, J.C.F., A.H.F. Tsang, S.-M. Yau, T.C.H. Hui, A. Lau, H.H. Tan, B.W. Low, D. Dudgeon and J.H. Liew0 The non-native freshwater fishes of Hong Kong: diversity, distributions, and origins. Raffles Bull. Zool. 71:128-168. (Ref. 129032) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-2489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-03-06 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2489 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Live in still or flowing waters in rocky or mud-bottom areas (Ref. 44894). Occur in warm springs and mud-bottomed to sand-bottomed canals (Ref. 5723). Clearly prefers a herbivorous diet, including algae, higher plants and parts of cassava, but also accepts insects and shrimps (along with their eggs) (Ref. 52307). Consume plant matter. Reache sexual maturity at 10-15 centimeters length. Parents prepare nest site on logs, leaves and other debris. Prolific species (Ref. 52307). The eggs (600-3300 per female) are guarded by the parents and hatch in 1-3 days. Larvae need 6-8 additional days to develop before they can swim freely (Ref. 52307). Parental care of the brood continues until the fish are about (1.5 cm, Ref. 52307) 2.5-3.0 centimeters (Ref. 44894). Occurs in mixed groups composed of individuals of varying size/age, along with individuals of other species (Ref. 52307). Pair-bonding, open (Ref. 52307) substrate brooder (Ref. 52307, 81260) with both parents guarding the brood (Ref. 52307). Maximum size was recorded at 39.4 cm TL (Ref. 40637). Dunz, A.R. and U.K. Schliewen 2013 Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as "<i>Tilapia</i>". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 68(1):64-80. (Ref. 93285) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2008-11-21 18:34:41 2018-01-09 20:58:46 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2489 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Diagnosis: body rather elevated (body depth 46.9-51.6% SL) (Ref. 53405). Head profile rounded (Ref. 81260). Outer teeth on jaws bicuspid (Ref. 53405), gracile (Ref. 81260) and spatulated (Ref. 53405, 81260). Lower pharyngeal jaw teeth relatively small and narrow near posterior border of bone, forming an almost felt-like covering (Ref. 81260). Micro-gillrakers present; adults (> 150 mm) with a series of dark blotches in the middle of the flanks (sometimes body entirely blackish) (Ref. 53405, 81260). Juveniles with 7-9 large vertical bands (Ref. 53405). Ventral scales with central red spot; 12 or more rakers on lower limb of first gill arch (Ref. 81260).Description: head length 29.7-34.7% SL; 3-6 rows of teeth on both oral jaws, outer row teeth bicuspid and spatulate (Ref. 81260). Lower pharyngeal bone as long as broad, length of toothed part 46.9-55.7% of total bone length (Ref. 53405). Anterior pharyngeal teeth tricuspid (Ref. 53405, 81260) and strongly recurved (Ref. 81260), posterior pharyngeal teeth bicuspid (Ref. 53405, 81260) and straight (Ref. 81260), not broadened (Ref. 53405). Scales cycloid (Ref. 53405). Eyes located in a very anterior position; frontal profile concave; caudal fin slightly rounded, with a small notch (Ref. 52307).Coloration: in life: juveniles: ground colour yellowish; belly whitish, sometimes reddish, back and top of head brownish-yellow (Ref. 53405, 81260). Sides and caudal peduncle with 7-9 (Ref. 52307, 53405, 81260) broad, brownish-black cross bars (Ref. 53405, 81260). Dark bar on occiput and gill cover and another one between eyes and on cheek; dorsal, anal and caudal fins yellow-brown, showing same pattern of bars as on body, anal fin darker distally; pelvic fins yellowish, their anterior margins brownish (Ref. 53405, 81260). Adults have 2 different colour patterns: 1) back, sides and fins entirely black, with very narrow red edge along upper margins of dorsal and caudal fins 2) spotted pattern consisting of yellow ground colour becoming greenish on back and olive-green on top of head (Ref. 53405). In both forms, belly white; sides and caudal peduncle with 5-6 distinct mid-lateral black spots, more close-set on caudal peduncle; scales on sides below midline often with central red spot; unpaired fins greenish, with numerous light red spots between soft rays (Ref. 53405, 81260). Blue fringe, edged by narrow red band on distal margins of dorsal and caudal fins (Ref. 53405, 81260), and occasionally all around caudal fin (Ref. 53405). Pelvic fins greenish, darker on anterior margin (Ref. 53405, 81260). Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde 2003 Cichlidae. p. 521-600. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 815p. (Ref. 53405) FB-Morphology-2489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2008-11-21 18:34:41 2018-01-09 20:58:46 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2489 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 15 - 17; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 15; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 10 - 11 Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde 2003 Cichlidae. p. 521-600. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 815p. (Ref. 53405) FB-Distribution-2489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-03-06 00:00:00 2022-10-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2489 Africa: coastal lagoons and lower river courses from the Tabou River (Côte d'Ivoire) to the Kribi River (Cameroon), but absent from the area between the Pra River (Ghana) and Benin (Ref. 53405). Also recorded from the lower Ntem, Cameroon (81260). Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde 1991 Tilapia. p. 482-508. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5163) FB-Uses-2489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-03-06 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2489 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial IGFA 2009 Database of IGFA angling records until 2009. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. Petrovicky, I. 1988 Aquarium fish of the world. Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd., London. 499 p. FB-LifeCycle-2489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tom Froese 1991-03-06 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2489&StockCode=2683 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Produces up to 2000 eggs. Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch 1991 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 1672) FB-Size-2489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-03-06 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2489 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 32.3 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 81260)); max. published weight: 1,360 g (Ref. 40637) Stiassny, M.L.J., A. Lamboj, D. De Weirdt and G.G. Teugels 2008 Cichlidae. p. 269-403. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 42. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 603p. (Ref. 81260) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-2489 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-03-06 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2489 demersal; freshwater; brackish; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19