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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-2434</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2434</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cypriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Cyprinidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Labeo</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Labeo coubie Rüppell, 1832</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kwangurameli</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Agbombo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Kada</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Tutkum</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Labeo obecné</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Labeo tonganské</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>African carp</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Aafrika narmasmokk</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ee'>Agbogboyibor</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ee'>Agbongboyibor</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Afrikanlabeo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Agbonmo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ha'>Bakin</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ha'>Barkin Dumi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ha'>Data</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ha'>Dubi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ha'>Dummi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ha'>Maida</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ig'>Azu ogwu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='kr'>Dula selem</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Dolla binne</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Yugunbinne</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='wo'>Satt</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bedempuure</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bobirefin</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Dirima kobiye</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Djêrê</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Djrêh</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Durumbia</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Edu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Janndere baleere</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kidgoo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Taï</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Te</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Teing</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Tobol</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>乍得野鯪</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>乍得野鲮</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>库比野鲮</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>庫比野鯪</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>汤加野鲮</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>湯加野鯪</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>莱雷湖野鲮</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>萊雷湖野鯪</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Labeo cubie Rüppell, 1832</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Labeo lereensis Blache &amp; Miton, 1960</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Labeo niloticus (non Forskål, 1775)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Labeo pseudocoubie Blache &amp; Miton, 1960</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Labeo selti Valenciennes, 1842</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Labeo steindachneri Pfeffer, 1896</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Labeo steindachnerii Pfeffer, 1896</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Labeo tongaensis Rendahl, 1935</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Labeo uhamensis Pellegrin, 1920</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1991-03-05</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2010-09-30</dcterms:modified>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81282&amp;speccode=2434'>Lévêque, C.0 Cyprinidae. p. 322-436. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81282)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83624&amp;speccode=2434'>Konan, K.F., A. Ouattara, M. Ouattara and G. Gourčne0 Weight-length relationship of 57 fish species of the coastal rivers in South-eastern of Ivory coast. Ribarstvo 65(2):49-60. (Ref. 83624)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83625&amp;speccode=2434'>Konan, F.K., F. Leprieur, A. Ouattara, S. Brosse, G. Grenouillet, G. Gourène, P. Winterton and S. Lek0 Spatio-temporal patterns of fish assemblages in coastal West African rivers: a self-organizing map approach. Aquat. Living Resour. 19(4):361-370. (Ref. 83625)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83882&amp;speccode=2434'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=84050&amp;speccode=2434'>Rendahl, H.0 Einige neue Fische aus dem Weissen Nil. Ann. Zool. Soc. Vanamo 2(2):11-18. (Ref. 84050)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=84051&amp;speccode=2434'>Rüppell, E.0 Fortsetzung der Beschreibung und Abbildung mehrerer neuer Fische, im Nil entdeckt. Heinrich Ludwig Brönner, Frankfurt am Mainz. 14 p. (Ref. 84051)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=84052&amp;speccode=2434'>Pfeffer, G.0 Die Fische Ost-Afrikas. p. 1-72. In Möbius, K. (ed.) Deutsch-Ost-Afrika. Band III. Die Thierwelt Ost-Afrikas und der Nachbargebiete. Dietrich Reimer, Berlin. (Ref. 84052)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=85170&amp;speccode=2434'>Offem, B.O., Y.A. Samsons and I.T. Omoniyi0 Reproductive aspects of common freshwater fishes in the Cross River, Nigeria. J. Anim. Pl. Sci. 18(4):130-138. (Ref. 85170)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90062&amp;speccode=2434'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=2434'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=98751&amp;speccode=2434'>Aboua, B.R.D.0 Common names of some freshwater fish species found in central Côte d'Ivoire. Unpublished compilation of B.R.D. Aboua. (Ref. 98751)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=2434'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=2434'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=113715&amp;speccode=2434'>Ikpi, G.U., A. Jenyo-Oni and B.O. Offem0 Catch rate, distribution, trophic and reproductive biology of the African carp Labeo coubie in the Agbokim Waterfalls, Nigeria. Fish. Aquacult. J. 2012(38):1-13. (Ref. 113715)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=120561&amp;speccode=2434'>Moritz, T., Z.N. El Dayem, M.A. Abdallah and D. Neumann0 New and rare records of fishes from the White Nile in the Republic of the Sudan. Cybium 43(2):137-151. (Ref. 120561)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=123597&amp;speccode=2434'>Antoine, Y.A., K.K. Mexmin, D. Lassina, O. Allasane and G. Germain0 Length-weight relationship and condition factor (K) of thirty (30) commercially valuable fish species landed in the lower basin of the Comoé River (Côte d’Ivoire). Natl. J. Multi. Res. Dev. 4(3):31-37. (Ref. 123597)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=123661&amp;speccode=2434'>Tah, L., G.B. Goore and K.S. Da Costa0 Length-weight relationship for 36 freshwater fish species from two tropical reservoirs: Ayamé I and Buyo, Côte d'Ivoire. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60(4):1847-1856. (Ref. 123661)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126422&amp;speccode=2434'>Sadio, O., M. Simier, F. Le Loc'h and L. Tito de Morais0 Length-weight relationships of 19 fish species from two tropical artificial reservoirs (Manantali and Selingue)in Mali, West Africa. Cybium 45(1):59-62. (Ref. 126422)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=2434'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Inhabit rivers (Ref. 4967).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='2-87037-2356-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26192&amp;speccode=2434'>Tshibwabwa, S.M. 1997 Systématique des espèces africaines du genre &lt;i&gt;Labeo&lt;/i&gt; (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) dans les régions ichtyogéographiques de Basse-Guinée et du Congo. II. Presses Universitaires de Namur, Namur, Belgique. 227 p. (Ref. 26192)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://oceans.ubc.ca/maria-lourdes-deng-palomares/' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Maria Lourdes D. Palomares</agent>
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	<dc:description>Diagnosis: dorsal profile straight to slightly arched; body dark and dull; rostral lobe poorly developed, its free margin smooth (Ref. 2940, 81282). Distal margin of dorsal fin straight or convex; inner surface of lips with 4-10 transverse folds or costae (Ref. 2940, 28714, 81282). Inferior mouth with well-developed lips forming a sucker-like ring enclosing the jaws; snout typically swollen, as long as or much longer than the postocular part of the head (Ref. 28714). Body not cylindriform, its depth 27-39% of SL (Ref. 28714) or 2.3-3.3 times in SL (Ref. 2940, 81282). Depth of caudal peduncle 0.7-1.3x its length; 26-46 (50-150mm) and 37-47 (150-250mm) gill rakers; scale formula 5.5-7.5/36-40/6.5-7.5; 4.5 scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin base; 16 (18) scales around caudal peduncle (Ref. 2940, 81282). 11-14 dorsal fin branched rays (Ref. 2940, 28714, 81282). Description: large species; mouth inferior with small posterior barbel at corner of mouth, anterior barbel visible in young, but disappearing with age; distal margin of dorsal fin straight or convex (Ref. 2940, 26190, 81282), some forms with strongly rounded dorsal fin were described as L. pseudocoubie; D:IV,12-15; A:III,5; P:17-19; V:9 (Ref. 2940, 81282). Eyes in superolateral position (Ref. 26190). Coloration: general appearance dark; back and sides greyish-blue to blackish-maux; belly light; fins blackish or slate-colored; scales on sides bluish-black with mauve or red centre; juveniles grey with scale rows separated by dark, undulate longitudinal lines; a large, round blotch on caudal peduncle (Ref. 2940, 81282).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81282&amp;speccode=2434'>Lévêque, C. 2003 Cyprinidae. p. 322-436. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81282)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal soft rays (total): 15 - 19; Analsoft rays: 8 - 11; Vertebrae: 31 - 33</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81282&amp;speccode=2434'>Lévêque, C. 2003 Cyprinidae. p. 322-436. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81282)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2434</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Africa:  very widespread, within the drainage basin of the Nile  (Ref. 1440, 2801, 28714), Chad, Niger-Bénoué, Volta, Senegal and Gambia basins, as well as Cross River (Ref. 1440, 2940, 81282). Report from Cameroon coastal rivers (Ref. 1440) unconfirmed in Ref 81639. Not reliable known from the Congo River basin (Ref. 1440) and one controversial record from the East coast of Africa (Ref. 1440). Ref. 2801 reports presence in Warri (Nigeria) and Kingani (Tanzania).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='3-7682-1413-3' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1440&amp;speccode=2434'>Reid, G.M. 1985 A revision of African species of &lt;i&gt;Labeo&lt;/i&gt; (Pisces: Cyprinidae) and a re-definition of the genus. Verlag von J. Cramer, Braunschweig. 322 p. (Ref. 1440)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial; aquarium: public aquariums</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4967&amp;speccode=2434'>Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=274&amp;speccode=2434'>Flower, S.S. 1935 Further notes on the duration of life in animals. I. Fishes: as determined by otolith and scale-readings and direct observations on living individuals. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 2:265-304. (Ref. 274)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1991-03-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:description>Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=2434'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-01-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:source>coubie</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Two forms of this species are different in the shape of the dorsal fin (Ref. 4967).        </dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3681&amp;speccode=2434'>Whitehead, V. 1969 Investigations into the food habits of some juvenile fish in the Volta Lake during the period from October 1969 to March 1969 with some notes on distribution and abundance. University of Ghana, Volta Research Project Tech. Rep. X30. (Ref. 3681)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>75.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2801)); max. published weight: 5,000 g (Ref. 3799)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2801&amp;speccode=2434'>Lévêque, C. and J. Daget 1984 Cyprinidae. p. 217-342. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2801)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3799&amp;speccode=2434'>Ita, E.O. 1984 Kainji (Nigeria). p. 43-103. In J.M. Kapetsky and T. Petr (eds.) Status of African reservoir fisheries. CIFA Tech. Pap. 10:326 p. (Ref. 3799)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); freshwater</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=2434'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference></dataObject>
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