FB-2044 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2044 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Oreochromis Oreochromis squamipinnis (Günther, 1864) Chambo Kasawala Ling'ara Chambo Ling'ara Mang'ara Mkambo Nchesichesi Chambu Ching'anga Ching'ang'a Kasawala Li/Ma ng'ara Li/Ma sanga Mphende Ngwalu Zeya 鱗翅口孵非鯽鳞翅口孵非鲫 Chromis niloticus (non Linnaeus, 1758) Chromis squamipinnis Günther, 1864 Sarotherodon squamipinnis (Günther, 1864) Tilapia squamipinnis (Günther, 1864) 1990-12-20 2018-10-26 Trewavas, E.0 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) Moreau, J., C. Bambino and D. Pauly0 Indices of overall growth performance of 100 tilapia (Cichlidae) populations. p. 201-206. In J.L. Maclean, L.B. Dizon and L.V. Hosillos (eds.) The First Asian Fisheries Forum. 727 p. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines. (Ref. 115) de Merona, B.0 Modèle d'estimation rapide de la croissance des poissons. Application aux poissons d'eau douce d'Afrique. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 16(1):103-113. (Ref. 354) Günther, A.0 Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Volume fifth. Catalogue of the Physostomi, containing the families Siluridae, Characinidae, Haplochitonidae, Sternoptychidae, Scopelidae, Stomiatidae, in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum, London. 455 p. (Ref. 2075) Lowe, R.H.0 Report on the Tilapia and other fish and fisheries of Lake Nyasa 1945-47. Col. Off. Fish. Publs. 1(2):1-126. (Ref. 2781) Iles, T.D.0 Ecological aspects of growth in African cichlid fishes. J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 33(3):363-385. (Ref. 4406) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Mwanyama, N.C.0 Feeding and fecundity of the Chambo species. Chambo Fisheries Research Project Workshop. GOM/FAO/UNDP Project. MLW/86/013. (Ref. 4692) Turner, G.F.0 The biology of chambo and consideration of other species important to the fishery. Chambo Fisheries Research Project Workshop. GOM/FAO/UNDP Project, MLW/86/013 Technical Summary Paper 2. (Ref. 4746) Berns, S., E.H. Chave and H.M. Peters0 On the biology of Tilapia squamipinnis (Günther) from Lake Malawi (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Arch. Hydrobiol. 84:218-246. (Ref. 4893) Eccles, D.H.0 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Trewavas, E. and G.G. Teugels0 Oreochromis. p. 307-346. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5166) Konings, A.0 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) Seisay, M.B.D., N.P. van Zalinge and G.F. Turner0 Population dynamics and stock estimates of chambo (Oreochromis spp.) in the south east arm of Lake Malawi and Lake Malombe - length based approach. GOM/UNDP/FAO Chambo Fisheries Research Project, Malawi. FAO FI:DP/MLW/86/013, Fld. Doc. 19:30 p. (Ref. 5747) Banda, M.C.0 Age and growth parameters of chambo (Oreochromis spp.) in the southeast arm of of Lake Malawi, as determined from opercular bones. GOM/UNDP/FAO Chambo Fisheries Research Project, Malawi. FAO FI:DP/MLW/86/013, Fld. Doc. 20:31 p. (Ref. 6149) Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Nsiku, E.0 Changes in the fisheries of Lake Malawi, 1976-1996: ecosystem-based analysis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 217 p. M.Sc. thesis. (Ref. 33486) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Tweddle, D., D.S.C. Lewis and N.G. Willoughby0 The nature of the barrier separating the Lake Malawi and Zambezi fish faunas. Ichthyol. Bull. Rhodes Univ. 39:1-9. (Ref. 37112) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Ambali, A., H. Kabwazi, L. Malekano, G. Mwale, D. Chimwaza, J. Ingainga, N. Makimoto, S. Nakayama, M. Yuma and Y. Kada0 Relationship between local and scientific names of fishes in Lake Malawi/Nyasa. Afr. Stud. Monogr. (22)3:123-154. (Ref. 53836) Msiska, O.V.0 Reproductive biology and growth of Oreochromis (Nyasalapia) karongae in ponds and open water in Malawi. University of Malawi, Malawi. 196 p. Ph.D. dissertation. (Ref. 54078) Snoeks, J. (ed.)0 The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55463) Snoeks, J. and M. Hanssens0 Identification guidelines to other non-mbuna. p.266-310. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55954) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Shechonge, A., B.P. Ngatunga, S.J. Bradbeer, J.J. Day, J.J. Freer, A.G.P. Ford, J. Kihedu, T. Richmond, S. Mzighani, A.M. Smith, E.A. Sweke, R. Tamatamah, A.M. Tyers, G.F. Turner and M.J. Genner0 Widespread colonisation of Tanzanian catchments by introduced Oreochromis tilapia fishes: the legacy from decades of deliberate introduction. Hydrobiologia (2018). (Ref. 118630) Genner, M.J., G.F. Turner and B.P. Ngatunga0 A guide to the tilapia fishes of Tanzania. Martin J. Genner, George F. Turner and Benjamin P. Ngatunga, August 2018. 29 p. (Ref. 118638) FB-pic-2044-10493 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif Robbie N. Cada 1993-07-01 2008-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2044 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Orsqu_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Orsqu_u0.gif FB-pic-2044-13936 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-03-24 2010-08-19 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2044 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Orsqu_m0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Orsqu_m0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-2044 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2018-10-26 17:22:20 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2044 A semi-pelagic species (Ref. 4967), found in all kinds of habitats but seen mostly in shallow water; it is abundant in the southeastern arm of Lake Malawi, where it occurs in shallow, vegetated bays (Ref. 5595). It feeds on phytoplankton and sometimes from the sediment on the sand; diatoms constitute the major part of its diet (Ref. 5595). Major component of the fisheries catch in Lake Malawi (Ref. 118638). IUCN conservation status is endangered, due to declining population trend (Ref. 118638). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2044 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-04 00:00:00 2018-10-25 21:12:24 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2044 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Diagnosis: A heavily-built large tilapia species with a wide rounded head; dwarf populations exist in some crater lakes, showing bony 'hunger-form' body shape (Ref. 118638). Females and juveniles with grey bodies and 6 or more vertical bars; males have a bright blue, occasionally white or green, 'mask' across the head; when fully ripe, the underside of most of the body can be black, with the upper surface a conspicuous white to pale blue; genital tassel can be long and branched, pinkish to bright yellow; females and non-territorial males are indistinguishable from Oreochromis karongae (Ref. 118638).Description: Length of head35.7-38.0% of standard length; lower pharyngeal toothed area with concave sides; median length of bone 1.26-1.36 times its width and 37.6-40.6% length of head; blade 1.6-2.4 times the median length of the toothed area; length of lower jaw 31.4-34.0% length of head; teeth of jaws in 3-5 rows (Ref. 2).Colouration: Breeding male silvery blue with white and pale blue top of head and dorsum and white dorsal margin (Ref. 2). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Morphology-2044 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-04 00:00:00 2018-10-25 21:12:24 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2044 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Dorsal spines (total): 16 - 17; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 11; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 - 10 Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Distribution-2044 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2019-02-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2044 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Africa: Lake Malawi and its catchment (Ref. 118630), including crater lakes Kingiri, Ilamba and Massoko (Ref. 118638) and Upper Shire River (Ref. 37112). Shechonge, A., B.P. Ngatunga, S.J. Bradbeer, J.J. Day, J.J. Freer, A.G.P. Ford, J. Kihedu, T. Richmond, S. Mzighani, A.M. Smith, E.A. Sweke, R. Tamatamah, A.M. Tyers, G.F. Turner and M.J. Genner 2018 Widespread colonisation of Tanzanian catchments by introduced Oreochromis tilapia fishes: the legacy from decades of deliberate introduction. Hydrobiologia (2018). (Ref. 118630) FB-Uses-2044 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2018-10-26 17:22:20 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2044 fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) FB-LifeCycle-2044 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2018-10-26 17:22:20 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2044&StockCode=2240 Mating behavior includes the T-stand, both partners alternately forming the horizontal part of the T. Eggs are laid in batches and immediately picked up by the female. Fertilization takes place both on the ground and in the mouth. Females brood eggs/young, guarding their fry until about 15 mm (Ref. 2781). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-TrophicStrategy-2044 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-04-04 00:00:00 2018-10-26 17:20:33 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public squamipinnis http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats A semi-pelagic species (Ref. 4967), found in all kinds of habitats but seen mostly in shallow water; it is abundant in the southeastern arm of Lake Malawi, where it occurs in shallow, vegetated bays (Ref. 5595). It feeds on phytoplankton and sometimes from the sediment on the sand; diatoms constitute the major part of its diet (Ref. 5595). Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) FB-Size-2044 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2018-10-26 17:22:20 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2044 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 36.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4967)) Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-2044 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2018-10-26 17:22:20 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2044 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology benthopelagic; freshwater