FB-1935 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1935 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Carangiformes Carangidae Caranx Caranx latus Agassiz, 1831 Ambaazaa Klarias Stawada Bagre-africano Mangwana Ndombe-Mbundamusheke Skerptandbaber Skerptand-baber Ambaza Key asa Abu shanab Balbout Garmut Karmut فًتْرة إفريقيا الشّماليّة Mulonge Muta Keříčkovec jihoafrický Afrikansk ålemalle Aalbüschelwels Afrikanischer Raubwels Kiemensackwels African catfish Barbel Catfish Common catfish Mudfish North African catfish Sharptooth catfish Sharptoothed catfish Suur angersäga Andouma Jättikonnamonni Poisson-chat nord-africain Silure Tarwada Sfamnun matzui Arira Namazu Kemudu Ndombe African mushi ആഫ്റിക്കന് മുഷി hartei Yuzhnoafrikanskaya zubatka Сом клариевый африканский Talage Kambale Kambale Mumi Kambali Mlamba Mumi Afrikansk vandrarmal Bomu Chibomu Karabalık Sekiz bıyık Сом Сом африканський Сом кларієвий Сом мармуровий Bavhuri Cá Trê Phi Bambara Toucouleurs Yess Bombe Aro Pez-gato Afrikaanse meerval Attek Baleewu Betakay Betekay Bokalo Bwituka Cik Cogo Dera Ejengi Eyisombi Fihi Gol Gwol Harlei Ifiki Ifutoli Ikakalo Imunu Inkube Ishonzi Isombi Kabambare Kamongo Klarias Kopito Kor Lokate Macharufu Male Mburi Mlamba Mumi Nisu Nsomba Obito Ongala Pet cick Pet der Severnoafriški čopovec Singre Singri Sombi Thamba T-nima Trey andaing afrik Tukpe Umihenzi Vere Vering Κλαρίας 大棘胡鲶大棘鬍鯰尖齒鬍鯰(引進) 尖齿胡鲇尖齿胡鲶(引进) 革胡鲶革鬍鯰 Clarias capensis Valenciennes, 1840 Clarias depressus Myers, 1925 Clarias guentheri Pfeffer, 1896 Clarias lazera Valenciennes, 1840 Clarias longiceps Boulenger, 1899 Clarias macracanthus Günther, 1864 Clarias malaris Nichols & Griscom, 1917 Clarias microphthalmus Pfeffer, 1896 Clarias micropthalmus Pfeffer, 1896 Clarias moorii Boulenger, 1901 Clarias mossambicus Peters, 1852 Clarias muelleri Pietschmann, 1939 Clarias notozygurus Lönnberg & Rendahl, 1922 Clarias orontis Günther, 1864 Clarias robecchii Vinciguerra, 1893 Clarias smithii Günther, 1896 Clarias syriacus Valenciennes, 1840 Clarias tsanensis Boulenger, 1902 Clarias vinciguerrae Boulenger, 1902 Clarias xenodon Günther, 1864 Clarius gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Heterobranchus anguillaris (non Linnaeus, 1758) Macropteronotus anguillaris (non Linnaeus, 1758) Macropteronotus charmuth Lacepède, 1803 Silurus anguillaris (non Linnaeus, 1758) Silurus gariepinus Burchell, 1822 1990-11-10 2013-07-12 ASIH (American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists)0 Ontogeny and systematics of fishes. 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Liew0 The non-native freshwater fishes of Hong Kong: diversity, distributions, and origins. Raffles Bull. Zool. 71:128-168. (Ref. 129032) Esmaeili, H.R. and N. Hamidan0 Inland fishes of the Arabian Peninsula: Review and a revised checklist. Zootaxa 5330(2):201-226. (Ref. 129076) Hontonyon, E. W.0 Fish catches among water side communities of Badagry, Lagos State, Nigeria. Lagos State University, Department of Fisheries, Thesis. (Ref. 132914) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-1934-10457 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif Robbie N. Cada 1993-07-01 2008-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1934 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Clgar_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Clgar_u0.gif FB-pic-1934-13735 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-03-07 1999-02-28 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1934 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Clgar_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Clgar_u1.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1934 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1934 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Adults occur mainly in quiet waters, (vegetated fringes of) rivers and lakes, (isolated) pools (Ref. 248, 28714), irrigation and sewage effluent canals (Ref. 28714), and prefer rather shallow and swampy areas with a soft muddy substrate and calmer water (Ref. 78218). They may also occur in fast flowing rivers and in rapids (Ref. 248, 78218). Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields (Ref. 119549). The two known colour types appear to correlate with water turbidity and substrate type (Ref. 81644). Widely tolerant of extreme environmental conditions (Ref. 6465). Water parameters appear to play only a very minor role (Ref. 78218). The presence of an accessory breathing organ enables this species to breath air when very active or under very dry conditions. They remain in the muddy substrates of ponds and occasionally gulp air through the mouth (Ref. 6465). Can leave the water at night using its strong pectoral fins and spines in search of land-based food or can move into the breeding areas through very shallow pathways (Ref. 6868). Omnivorous bottom feeders which occasionally feed at the surface (Ref. 248), but essentially a predator feeding on crustaceans, insects and fish (Ref. 28714). Feed at night on a wide variety of prey (Ref. 6868) like insects, plankton, invertebrates and fish but also take in young birds, rotting flesh and plants (Ref. 6465). Migrate to rivers and temporary streams to spawn (Ref. 34291), and a major floodplain migrant, spawning throughout the flood season, in the Sudd (Sudan) (Ref. 28714). Also caught with dragnets. During intra-specific aggressive interactions, this species was noted to generate electric organ discharges that were monophasic, head-positive and lasting from 5-260 ms (Ref. 10479). Known as sharptooth catfish in aquaculture, a highly recommended food fish in Africa (Ref. 52863). Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten broiled, fried and baked (Ref. 9987). Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1934 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-03-18 00:00:00 2022-10-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1934 Diagnosis: body depth 6-8 times in standard length, head 3-3,5 times in SL (Ref. 34290) or 30-37% SL (Ref. 28714). Head somewhat between rectangular and pointed in dorsal outline; snout broadly rounded; eyes supero-lateral and relatively small (Ref. 248). Teeth on premaxilla and lower jaw small, fine and arranged in several rows; nasal barbels 1/5-1/2 times as long as head in fishes longer than 12 cm, and 1/2-4/5 of head length in smaller individuals; maxillary barbels rarely shorter than head, usually somewhat longer and reaching to a point midway between origin of dorsal fin and insertion of pelvic fins; outer mandibular barbel longer than inner pair (Ref. 34290). Postorbital bones in contact; lower part of head with 2 black, lateral bands (Ref. 81644). Contrary to other Clarias species, Clarias gariepinus has a high number of gill rakers varying from 24-110 (Ref. 248, 34290, 81644, 101841), the number increasing with size of the fish; gill rakers long, slender and closely set (Ref. 248, 34290). Distance between occipital process and base of dorsal fin is short; dorsal fin almost reaches caudal fin; anal fin origin closer to caudal fin base than to snout, nearly reaching caudal fin (Ref. 248). Pelvic fin closer to snout than to caudal fin base (Ref. 248) or about midway (Ref. 28714). Pectoral fin extends from operculum to below 1st dorsal fin rays (Ref. 248). Pectoral spine robust (Ref. 248), serrated only on its outer face (Ref. 248, 81644), the number of serrations increasing with age (Ref. 248). Lateral line appears as a small, white line from posterior end of head to middle of caudal fin base; openings to secondary sensory canals clearly marked (Ref. 248).Description: head large, mean 30.8% SL; frontal fontanel long and narrow; distance between end of dorsal fin and caudal fin short (0.0-7.6% SL, mean 4.3)(Ref. 81644).Colouration: 2 colour patterns can be discerned: uniform and marbled pattern; in uniform pattern, dorsal surface and flanks of body and dorsal parts of pectoral and pelvic fins are generally dark greyish-greenish black, while belly and ventral parts of paired fins are lightly coloured; in marbled pattern, specimens show irregular dark blotches on light coloured background above and laterally, belly and ventral parts of the paired fins are whitish (Ref. 248, 81644). Most specimens show pigmentation bands on both sides of lower surface of head (Ref. 248, 81644), but these might be absent (Ref. 101841). A series of light and dark bands may occur on caudal fin; proximal third of caudal fin lightly coloured while other part is dark; occasionally, irregular black spots may occur on caudal fin (Ref. 248). Never an irregular pattern of small white spots on body (Ref. 101841). Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-Morphology-1934 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-03-18 00:00:00 2022-10-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1934 Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 61 - 80; Anal spines: 0; Analsoft rays: 45 - 65; Vertebrae: 56 - 63 Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-Distribution-1934 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2022-02-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1934 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Africa: almost Pan-African (Ref. 107916), absent from Maghreb, the Upper and (most of the) Lower Guinea and the Cape province and probably also Nogal province. Asia: Jordan, Israel, Lebanon, Syria and southern Turkey. Widely introduced to other parts of Africa, Europe and Asia. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction. Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-Uses-1934 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1934 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: minor commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) FAO 1997 Aquaculture production statistics 1986-1995. FAO Fish. Circ. 815, Rev. 9. 195 p. (Ref. 26920) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-Migration-1934 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1934 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-1934 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 Oviparous. Spawning takes place during the rainy season in flooded deltas. The fishes make a lateral migration towards the inundated plains to breed and return to the river or lake soon afterwards while the juveniles remain in the inundated area. Juveniles return to the lake or river when they are between 1.5 and 2.5 cm long (Ref. 34291). First sexual maturity occurs when females are between 40-45 cm and males between 35-40 cm. Eggs are greenish. Incubations lasts little (about 33 hours at 25°C). Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-TrophicStrategy-1934 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-15 00:00:00 2020-10-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ gariepinus Frequency of occurence in Caprivi: frequently in sandy streams, abundant in standing deep water, common in shallow swamps (Ref. 37065). Described in most papers as a bottom feeder, which occasionally feeds at the surface (Ref. 248). Omnivorous (Ref. 123180). Feeds mainly on fish as well as on plants and zooplankton (Ref. 248). Shows noctural feedings habits (Ref. 123180). Teugels, G.G. 1986 A systematic revision of the African species of the genus Clarias (Pisces; Clariidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 247:199 p. (Ref. 248) FB-Size-1934 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1934 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 170 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637)); max. published weight: 60.0 kg (Ref. 4537); max. reported age: 15 years (Ref. 94815) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Weyl, O.L.F. and A.J. Booth 2008 Validation of annulus formation in otoliths of a temperate population of adult African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus using fluorochrome marking of wild fish. J. Fish Biol. 73(4):1033-1038. (Ref. 94815) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-1934-1369 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-12-20 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Astiotrema Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-1934-1548 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-06-14 00:00:00 2005-06-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Chilodonella Infection. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-1934-1366 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-07-26 00:00:00 2005-07-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dolops Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-1934-411 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-07-27 00:00:00 2005-07-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 Fish Louse Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-1934-1561 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-06-27 00:00:00 2005-06-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Gyrodactylus Infestation 5. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-1934-1552 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-06-14 00:00:00 2005-06-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Henneguya Infection 4. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-1934-1431 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-01-11 00:00:00 2005-01-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Macrogyrodactylus Infestation 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-1934-1444 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-01-26 00:00:00 2005-01-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 Neodactylogyrus Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Thurston, J.P. 1970 The incidence of Monogenea and parasitic Crustacea on the gills of fish in Uganda. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 82(1-2):111-130. (Ref. 52490) FB-Diseases-1934-1565 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-07-07 00:00:00 2005-07-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 Phyllodistomum Infestation 8. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-1934-607 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-02-06 00:00:00 2003-02-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Piscicola Infestation (Piscicola sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. (Ref. 42533) FB-Diseases-1934-1412 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-12-21 00:00:00 2005-07-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Polyonchobothrium Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-1934-1357 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-07-18 00:00:00 2005-07-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Procamallanus Infection 14. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-1934-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-01-11 00:00:00 2005-06-28 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 Quadriacanthus Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-1934-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-06-29 00:00:00 2005-06-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Sanguinicola Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-1934-58 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-02-06 00:00:00 2003-02-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1934&StockCode=2130 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Trichodinosis. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. (Ref. 42533) FB-Habitat-1934 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1934 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); freshwater; pH range: 6.5 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 28; depth range 0 - 80 m (Ref. 34291) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Witte, F. and W. de Winter 1995 Appendix II. Biology of the major fish species of Lake Victoria. p. 301-320. In F. Witte and W.L.T. Van Densen (eds.) Fish stocks and fisheries of Lake Victoria. A handbook for field observations. Samara Publishing Limited, Dyfed, Great Britain. (Ref. 34291)