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	<dc:identifier>FB-16967</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16967</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Lophiiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Oneirodidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Spiniphryne</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Spiniphryne gladisfenae (Beebe, 1932)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Stargazing seadevil</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>胆星角鮟鱇</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>膽星角鮟鱇</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Ceratias holboelli (non Krøyer, 1845)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Mancalias uranoscopus (Murray, 1877)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Mancalias xenistius Regan &amp; Trewavas, 1932</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Manchalias uranoscopus (Murray, 1877)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Manchalias xenistius Regan &amp; Trewavas, 1932</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Typhlopsaras shufeldti Gill, 1883</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Typlopsaras shufeldti Gill, 1883</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1996-03-08</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-03-08</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4494&amp;speccode=16972'>Bertelsen, E.0 Ceratiidae. p. 510-512. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4494)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=16972'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11774&amp;speccode=16972'>Regan, C.T. and E. Trewavas0 Deep-sea angler fishes (Ceratioidea). The Carlsberg Foundation's Oceanographical Expedition Round the World 1928-30 and Previous "Dana" Expeditions Under the Leadership of the Late Professor Johannes Schmidt Dana Rept. No. 2:1-113, Pls. 1-10. (Ref. 11774)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26165&amp;speccode=16972'>Weitkamp, D.E. and R.D. Sullivan0 Gas bubble disease in resident fish of the lower Clark Fork River. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 132(5):865-876. (Ref. 26165)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27000&amp;speccode=16972'>Reiner, F.0 Catálogo dos peixes do arquipélago de Cabo Verde. Publ. Avuls. Inst. Port. Invest. Mar. 2:339 p. (Ref. 27000)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=16972'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=16972'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35509&amp;speccode=16972'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Intitut fur Seefischerei (ISH). BIOLAB Forschungsinstitut, Hohenwestedt, Germany. (Ref. 35509)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36670&amp;speccode=16972'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=16972'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40919&amp;speccode=16972'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=16972'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51328&amp;speccode=16972'>Hopkins, T.L., T.T. Sutton and T.M. Lancraft0 The trophic structure and predation impact of a low latitude midwater fish assemblage. Prog. Oceanog. 38:205-239. (Ref. 51328)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-56098-985-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=54206&amp;speccode=16972'>Claro, R. and L.R. Parenti0 The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. p. 21-57. In Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman and L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Wahsington and London. 253p. (Ref. 54206)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=16972'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58302&amp;speccode=16972'>Mundy, B.C.0 Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704. (Ref. 58302)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75154&amp;speccode=16972'>Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS &amp; CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=80565&amp;speccode=16972'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of March 2009. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in March 2009. (Ref. 80565)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9780520255425' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86949&amp;speccode=16972'>Pietsch, T.W.0 Oceanic anglerfishes. Extraordinary diversity in the deep sea. Oceanic Anglerfishes, i-xii; 1-557pp. (Ref. 86949)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=93826&amp;speccode=16972'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated internet version of 02 July 2013. Catalog databases of CAS cited in FishBase (website). (Ref. 93826)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=16972'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-92-5-133094-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=123424&amp;speccode=16972'>Sutton, T.T., P.A. Hulley, R. Wienerroither, D. Zaera-Perez and J.R. Paxton0 Identification guide to the mesopelagic fishes of the central and south east Atlantic Ocean. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. Rome: FAO, xvi+327 p. (Ref. 123424)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-16972</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-03-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-09-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16972</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Also mesopelagic (Ref. 4494).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4494&amp;speccode=16972'>Bertelsen, E. 1990 Ceratiidae. p. 510-512. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4494)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-16972</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Roxanne Rei Valdestamon</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2013-05-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-06-17 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16972</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Characterized by female having simple esca, without distal escal appendages, illicium length 14.0 to 28.8% SL, invariably absent vomerine teeth; escal bulb usually darkly pigmented except distal tip, distal portion oval shaped, proximal portion tapering into stem of illicium; bulb without elevation of small pigment spot surrounding escal pore (Ref. 086949).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='9780520255425' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86949&amp;speccode=16972'>Pietsch, T.W. 2009 Oceanic anglerfishes. Extraordinary diversity in the deep sea. Oceanic Anglerfishes, i-xii; 1-557pp. (Ref. 86949)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-16972</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-03-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-05-09 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16972</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Circumglobal: In tropical waters.  Western to eastern Central Atlantic.  Deep sea (Ref. 4494).  Reported from Indian and Pacific oceans (Ref. 58302).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4494&amp;speccode=16972'>Bertelsen, E. 1990 Ceratiidae. p. 510-512. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4494)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-16972</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-03-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-09-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16972</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>24.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4494))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4494&amp;speccode=16972'>Bertelsen, E. 1990 Ceratiidae. p. 510-512. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4494)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-16972</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-03-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-09-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16972</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>bathypelagic; marine; depth range 0 - 2091 m (Ref. 26165), usually 500 - 1000 m (Ref. 58302)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26165&amp;speccode=16972'>Weitkamp, D.E. and R.D. Sullivan 2003 Gas bubble disease in resident fish of the lower Clark Fork River. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 132(5):865-876. (Ref. 26165)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58302&amp;speccode=16972'>Mundy, B.C. 2005 Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704. (Ref. 58302)</reference></dataObject>
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