FB-15417 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=15417 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Rajiformes Rajidae Okamejei Okamejei boesemani (Ishihara, 1987) Ocellate spot skate Spiny rasp skate Swarthy skate Silmik-nöbirai Gangi-ei Komonkasube Kurokasube 홍어 Zwartachtige rog 孔鰩 孔鳐 平背老板鯆 斑鰩 斑鳐 網紋鰩 网纹鳐 褐鰩 褐鳐 Dipturus kenojei (Bürger, 1841) Raja atriventralis Fowler, 1934 Raja fusca Garman, 1885 Raja japonica Nyström, 1887 Raja karagea Tanaka, 1927 Raja katsukii Tanaka, 1927 Raja kenojei Bürger, 1841 Raja porosa Günther, 1874 Raja tobae Tanaka, 1916 Raja tobae Tanaka, 1927 1995-10-19 2024-05-23 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Herre, A.W.C.T.0 Check list of Philippine fishes. Res. Rep. U.S. Fish Wild. Serv. (20):1-977. (Ref. 280) Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino0 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). 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J. Fish Biol. 88(1):1-201. (Ref. 106604) Wang, L.J., Z.H. Wu, M.M. Nie, M.X. Liu, W. Liu and F. You0 Length-weight relationships and length-length relationships of 13 fish species in Rongcheng Bay, China. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 32:737-739. (Ref. 111281) Baeck, G.W., C.-I. Park, H.C. Choi, S.-H. Huh and J.M. Park0 Feeding habits of ocellate spot skate, <i>Okamejei kenojei</i> (Müller & Henle, 1841), in coastal waters of Taean, Korea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 27:1079-1085. (Ref. 114689) Jeong, J.M., H.J. Kim, G.W. Baeck, S.J. Ye and S.H. Huh0 Feeding habits of ocellate spot skate, <i>Okamejei kenojei</i> in the coastal waters of Gadoek-do, Korea. Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology 51(2):265-271. (Ref. 117109) Jin, X.0 Long-term changes in fish community structure in the Bohai Sea, China. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 59:163-171. (Ref. 117610) Yu, T.-S., H. Jo, D.-K. Kim and I.-S. Kwak0 Length-weight relations for 14 fish species (Actinopterygii) from the coastal waters off Gwangyang Bay, South Korea. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 51(3):267-269 (Ref. 125279) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) Ferragut-Perello, F., S. Ramirez-Amaro, A.C. Tsikliras, N. Petit-Marty, D. Dimarchopoulou0 Exploitation and conservation status of the thornback ray (<i>Raja clavata</i>) in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean). Fishes 8(2):117. (Ref. 132125) FB-GeneralDescr-15418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-10-19 00:00:00 2022-02-17 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=15418 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Bottom-dweller that feeds on invertebrates and bony fish. Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 4.8-6.6 cm long and 2.9-3.7 cm wide (Ref. 41249, 41253, 41298). Depth range given by H. Ishihara (pers.comm. 07/07). McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn 1998 Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314) FB-Distribution-15418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-10-19 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=15418 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Northwest Pacific: Japan, Korea and Taiwan (Ref. 8630). Appears to be confined to the continental shelf off Japan and in the China Seas south to about Xiamen (Ref. 47737). Mould, B. 1994 A world list of rays. The scientific nomenclature and distribution of the recent Batoidea (Batoidea, Elasmobranchii, Chondrichthyes). University of Nottingham, [UK]. 82 p. (Ref. 8630) FB-Uses-15418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-10-19 00:00:00 2022-02-17 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=15418 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy fisheries: commercial FB-Migration-15418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-10-19 00:00:00 2022-02-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=15418 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-15418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1995-10-19 00:00:00 2022-02-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=15418&StockCode=14680 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Oviparous, paired eggs are laid mainly at night (Ref. 44760). Batches of eggs are laid in three to six-day interval on sand bottom. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-15418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2001-01-16 00:00:00 2002-09-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public kenojei http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Bottom-dweller that feeds on invertebrates and bony fish. McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn 1998 Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314) FB-Size-15418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-10-19 00:00:00 2022-02-17 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=15418 57.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 111281)); max. published weight: 816 g (Ref. 125279) Wang, L.J., Z.H. Wu, M.M. Nie, M.X. Liu, W. Liu and F. You 2016 Length-weight relationships and length-length relationships of 13 fish species in Rongcheng Bay, China. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 32:737-739. (Ref. 111281) Yu, T.-S., H. Jo, D.-K. Kim and I.-S. Kwak 2021 Length-weight relations for 14 fish species (Actinopterygii) from the coastal waters off Gwangyang Bay, South Korea. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 51(3):267-269 (Ref. 125279) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-15418 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-10-19 00:00:00 2022-02-17 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=15418 demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 20 - 230 m (Ref. 106604) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Weigmann, S. 2016 Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. J. Fish Biol. 88(1):1-201. (Ref. 106604)