FB-14688 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=14688 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Anguilliformes Muraenidae Gymnothorax Gymnothorax monostigma (Regan, 1909) Morszczuk peruwianski Hake Pacific hake Peruvian hake Silver hake Chilensk kummel Descada Huaycuya Merlango Merluza Merluza pelada Peje palo Pescada Pescadilla 秘魯無鬚鱈 秘鲁无须鳕 Merluccius gayi (non Guichenot, 1848) Merluccius gayi peruanus Ginsburg, 1954 Merluccius gayi peruvianus Ginsburg, 1954 1995-08-18 2013-02-11 Misu, H. and S. Hamasaki0 Age and growth of Peruvian hake, <i>Merluccius gayi</i> (Guichenot). Bull. Sehai. Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. (41):93-105. (Ref. 1041) Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba0 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) Le Roux, P.0 Aantekeninge oor die ouderdom en groei van die Vaalrivier geel vis (<i>Barbus holubi</i>). Fauna en Flora No. 14:40-41. (Ref. 2762) Kotlyar, A.N.0 Dictionary of names of marine fishes on the six languages. All Union Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow. 288 p. (Ref. 5969) Grabda, E. and T. Heese0 Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Poland. 171 p. (in Polish). (Ref. 6313) Espino, M., R. Castillo and F. Fernandez0 Biology and fisheries of Peruvian hake (<i>M. gayi peruanus</i>). p. 339-363. In J. Alheit and T. J. Pitcher (eds.) Hake:biology, fisheries and markets. Chapmanand Hall, London, 478 p. (Ref. 9718) Dioses, T.0 Edad y crecimiento de la merluza <i>Merluccius gayi peruanus</i>. Anales I Congreso Nacional de Biología Pesquera. Trujillo-Peru. (Ref. 9722) Fuentes, H., E. Antonietti and P. Muck0 Alimentacion de la merluza (<i>Merluccius gayi peruanus</i>) de la zona de Paita. Memorias del Simposio Internacional de los Recursos Vivos y las Pesquerías en el Pacífico Sudeste Viña del Mar, 9-13 Mayo 1988., Comisión Permanente del Pacífico Sur (CPPS), Rev. Pacífico Sur (Número Especial). (Ref. 10611) Caddy, J. and O. Defeo0 Fitting the exponential and logistic yield models with mortality rate: some explorations and new perspectives. Fish. Res. 25(1):39-62. (Ref. 10854) Espino, M. and C. Wosnitza-Mendo0 Efecto de la concentración en la mortalidad natural y su aplicación en el análisis de cohortes. p. 235-252. In T. Wyatt and M.G. Larrañeta (eds) Long Term Changes Mar. Fish Pop., Proc. Int. Symp., Vigo, Spain, 18-21 Nov. 1986. (Ref. 11171) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 PISCES. Eschmeyer's PISCES database as published on the Internet in June 1997, URL: gopher://gopher.calacademy.org:640/7. (Ref. 12965) Nakamura, I., T. Inada, M. Takeda and H. Hatanaka0 Important fishes trawled off Patagonia. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo. 369 p. (Ref. 27363) Garcia, A.C.V.0 Contenido estomacal de la Merluza <i>Merluccius gayi peruanus</i> Ginsburg 1954, de la zona Isla Lobos de Tierra - Pacasmayo (06°30, - 07° 30, L. S.), Invierno - Primavera, 1973. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Programa de Ciencias Biólogicas, 28 p. (Ref. 30432) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Béarez, P.0 Lista de los peces marinos del Ecuador continental. Rev. Biol. Trop. 44(2):731-741. (Ref. 40498) Riede, K.0 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Armstrong, D.0 Parte I: Ivestigatión de la merluza en IMARPE. Inf. Inst. Mar Perú. No.79:47pp. (Ref. 56683) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Ballón, R.M.0 Comparative analysis of the community structure and trophic relations of the Peruvian hake <i>Merluccius gayi peruanus</i> and its by-catch of the years 1985 and 2001. Msc. Thesis in International Studies in Aquatic Tropical Ecology, University of Bremen, Germany:-. (Ref. 58543) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Calle-Morán, M.D., A.R. Hernández-Téllez, E.R. Tibán-Vivar, Y.E. Intriago-Vera, I.G. Del Valle-Coello, B.C. Loor-Jama and Á.R. Ganchozo-López0 Diet composition and feeding habits of the crocodile shark, <i>Pseudocarcharias kamoharai</i>. Environ. Biol. Fishes 105:685-697. (Ref. 126503) FB-GeneralDescr-14693 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-08-22 00:00:00 2021-03-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=14693 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Occurs from the shallow continental shelf to the upper continental slope (Ref. 1371). Sometimes found off the bottom or in midwater (Ref. 1371). Marketed fresh and frozen and also used for fishmeal (Ref. 1371). Espino, M., R. Castillo and F. Fernandez 1995 Biology and fisheries of Peruvian hake (<i>M. gayi peruanus</i>). p. 339-363. In J. Alheit and T. J. Pitcher (eds.) Hake:biology, fisheries and markets. Chapmanand Hall, London, 478 p. (Ref. 9718) FB-DiagnosticDescr-14693 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 2000-01-19 00:00:00 2000-01-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=14693 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Caudal fin margin usually concave. Color is silvery on back, silvery whitish on belly. M. gayi gayi and M. gayi peruanus differ by the total number of vertebrae, total number of gill rakers and relative length of head (Ref. 1371). Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-Morphology-14693 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 2000-01-19 00:00:00 2000-01-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=14693 Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 45 - 54; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 36 - 42 Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-Distribution-14693 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-08-22 00:00:00 2023-09-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=14693 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Southeast Pacific: off the coast of Peru, from Paita southward to Huarmey. Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-Uses-14693 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-08-22 00:00:00 2021-03-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=14693 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: highly commercial; price category: high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-Migration-14693 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-08-22 00:00:00 2021-03-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=14693 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-TrophicStrategy-14693 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1997-03-18 00:00:00 2007-08-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public peruanus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Occurs from the shallow continental shelf to the upper continental slope (Ref. 1371). Sometimes found off the bottom or in midwater (Ref. 1371). Diet varies with age; opportunistic species feeds mainly on euphausiids during its early years, but later it feeds almost exclusively (98%) on fish (Ref. 10611). Fuentes, H., E. Antonietti and P. Muck 1989 Alimentacion de la merluza (<i>Merluccius gayi peruanus</i>) de la zona de Paita. Memorias del Simposio Internacional de los Recursos Vivos y las Pesquerías en el Pacífico Sudeste Viña del Mar, 9-13 Mayo 1988., Comisión Permanente del Pacífico Sur (CPPS), Rev. Pacífico Sur (Número Especial). (Ref. 10611) FB-Size-14693 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-08-22 00:00:00 2021-03-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=14693 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology 68.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 1371)); 115 cm TL (female); max. reported age: 13 years (Ref. 9722) Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) Dioses, T. 1984 Edad y crecimiento de la merluza <i>Merluccius gayi peruanus</i>. Anales I Congreso Nacional de Biología Pesquera. Trujillo-Peru. (Ref. 9722) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-14693 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-08-22 00:00:00 2021-03-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=14693 bathydemersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 50 - 500 m (Ref. 1371) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)