FB-1423 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1423 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Eupercaria/misc Lutjanidae Lutjanus Lutjanus campechanus (Poey, 1860) Jipe tilapia Panganintilapia Perege Roketi 吉帕口孵非鯽吉帕口孵非鲫吉里口孵非鯽吉里口孵非鲫潘氏口孵非鯽潘氏口孵非鲫 Oreochromis pangani (Lowe, 1955) Oreochromis pangani girigan (Lowe, 1955) Oreochromis pangani pangani (Lowe, 1955) Sarotherodon girigan (Lowe, 1955) Sarotherodon jipe (Lowe, 1955) Sarotherodon pangani (Lowe, 1955) Tilapia girigan Lowe, 1955 Tilapia jipe Lowe, 1955 Tilapia nilotica (non Linnaeus, 1758) Tilapia pangani Lowe, 1955 1990-10-17 2011-04-08 Trewavas, E.0 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) Avtalion, R.R.0 Genetic markers in Sarotherodon and their use for sex and species identification. p. 269-277. In R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell (eds.) The biology and culture of tilapias. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 7. 432 p. (Ref. 83) Lowe-McConnell, R.H.0 Tilapias in fish communities. p. 83-113. In R.S.V. Pullin and R. H. Lowe-McConnell (eds.) The biology and culture of tilapias. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 7. 432 p. (Ref. 87) Mcandrew, B.J. and K.C. Majumdar0 Tilapia stock identification using electrophoretic markers. Aquaculture 30:249-261. (Ref. 90) Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl0 Aquarien atlas. Bd. 3. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 1104 p. (Ref. 2059) Eccles, D.H.0 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Trewavas, E. and G.G. Teugels0 Oreochromis. p. 307-346. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5166) Beadle, L.C.0 The inland waters of tropical Africa. An introduction to tropical limnology. Second edition. Longman Group Limited, London. 475 p. (Ref. 6316) Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818) Ufermann, A., R. Allgayer and M. Geerts (eds.)0 Cichlid catalogue (Pisces, Perciformes, Cichlidae Bonaparte, 1840). Vol. 1. Alphabetical catalogue of the cichlid fishes. Mr. Robert Allgayer, 15 rue des Hirondelles, 67350 Dauendorf, France. 1987:i-xv, 439 p. (Ref. 13271) B.-Rao, C. and K.C. Majurmdar0 Multivariate map representation of phylogenetic relationships: application to tilapiine fish. J. Fish Biol. 52(6):1199-1217. (Ref. 27524) Bailey, R.G., S. Churchfield, T. Petr and R. Pimm0 The ecology of the fishes in Nyumba ya Mungu reservoir, Tanzania. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 10(1):109-137. (Ref. 30832) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museums of Kenya. National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658, Nairobi, Kenya. (Ref. 31740) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Copley, H.0 Common freshwater fishes of East Africa. H.F. & G. Witherby Ltd., London. 172p. (Ref. 36900) Seegers, L.0 Sarotherodon hornorum, S. urolepis und S. mossambicus, drei Großcichliden aus Ostafrika: ichthyologische Ergebnisse aus Tanzania, II. DCG-Inf. 12(9):161-180. (Ref. 44608) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Seegers, L., L. De Vos and D.O. Okeyo0 Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Kenya (excluding the lacustrine haplochromines from Lake Victoria). J. E. Afr. Nat. Hist. 92:11-47. (Ref. 52331) McAndrew, B.J. and K.C. Majumdar0 Evolutionary relationships within three tilapiine genera (Pisces: Cichlidae). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 80:421-435. (Ref. 54046) Trewavas, E.0 A preliminary review of fishes of the genus Tilapia in the eastward-flowing rivers of Africa, with proposals of two new specific names. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 74(3-4):394-424. (Ref. 54096) Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E.0 An annotated bibliography of Tilapia (Pisces, Cichlidae). Mus. R. Afr. Cent., Doc. Zool. 14, 406p. (Ref. 54357) Bailey, R.G.0 Fishes of the genus Tilapia (Cichlidae) in Tanzania, with a key for their identification. East Afr. Agric. For. J. 34(2):194-202. (Ref. 54836) Lowe, R.H.0 New species of Tilapia (Pisces, Cichlidae) from Lake Jipe and the Pangani River, East Africa. Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 2(12):347-368. (Ref. 55060) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Lowe, R.H.0 Observations on the biology of Tilapia nilotica Linné in East African waters. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 57(1-2):129-170. (Ref. 59157) Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E.0 La distribution géographique des Tilapia au Congo. Bull. Séances Acad. R. Sci. Outre-Mer 9(3):570-605. (Ref. 74387) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Shechonge, A., B.P. Ngatunga, S.J. Bradbeer, J.J. Day, J.J. Freer, A.G.P. Ford, J. Kihedu, T. Richmond, S. Mzighani, A.M. Smith, E.A. Sweke, R. Tamatamah, A.M. Tyers, G.F. Turner and M.J. Genner0 Widespread colonisation of Tanzanian catchments by introduced Oreochromis tilapia fishes: the legacy from decades of deliberate introduction. Hydrobiologia (2018). (Ref. 118630) Genner, M.J., G.F. Turner and B.P. Ngatunga0 A guide to the tilapia fishes of Tanzania. Martin J. Genner, George F. Turner and Benjamin P. Ngatunga, August 2018. 29 p. (Ref. 118638) FB-pic-1422-13871 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-03-19 1997-03-19 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1422 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Orjip_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Orjip_u0.gif FB-pic-1422-13913 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-03-21 2013-11-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1422 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Orpan_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Orpan_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1422 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Found in lakes and rivers (Ref. 4967). Chiefly a browser of periphyton in the lake, but additionally feeding also on bottom deposits and associated phytobenthos (Ref. 30832). A maternal mouthbrooder (Ref. 54046, 55060, 118638). Occasionally territorial (Ref. 2). It supports artisanal fisheries in lakes and dams across the Pangani catchment, with the largest fisheries in Lake Jipe and Nyumba ya Mungu (Ref. 118638). IUCN conservation status is critically endangered due to its restricted range and evidence of declining stocks between the 1970s and 2000 (Ref. 118638). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2018-11-07 23:24:40 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1422 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Diagnosis: A large bodied tilapia, with a slender body and small head and mouth; body depth 2.5-2.8 times in standard length (Ref. 4967, 118638). It can be distinguished by following characters: teeth of jaws with slender shafts in young, uniformly slender in adults; pharyngeal teeth very fine and crowded; dentigerous area with rounded lobes and short apex, its median length nearly always less than that of the blade; pectoral fin 34.3-41.2% of standard length, reaching base of anal fin; anal spines III-V (Ref. 2, 55060). Males and females are characterised by rows of blotched scales across the flanks; males have a pale blue head with dark spots, dark fins with pale spots, and orange margins to the dorsal and caudal; females and non-territorial males plainer and typically paler, and in some populations there is a more olive/yellow gular and ventral region (Ref. 118638). Caudal fin long with very definite vertical black or dark brown stripes (Ref. 55060).Description: The upper profile of the head is steep and approximately straight (Ref. 2). The mouth is small and the jaws are not enlarged in most fishes; the teeth of the jaws are in 5-7 series in adults, very slender, up to half the posterior outer of the upper jaw becoming unicuspid in bigger fishes, inner tricuspid except the inmost row in a specimen of 203 mm standard length, which includes several unicuspids (Ref. 2). Two rows of scales on the cheek; number of scales in the lateral line series 33-36; scales on chest very small; on the belly the median row and three on each side of it noticeably smaller than the flank scales (Ref. 2). Dorsal fin with XVII-XIX spines and 11-13 soft rays; anal fin with III-IV spines and 10-12 soft rays (Ref. 2). Vertebrae 32-33 (Ref. 2). No genital tassel (Ref. 55060).Colouration: Non-breeding fishes light grey or grey-green with numerous dark brown or black spots, each on one scale, but of irregular sizes and shapes, and some scales unmarked; seven to nine vertical bars on the body and a mid-lateral longitudinal band generally formed by emphasis of the spots; scales of belly pale with dark edges; spots extending on top and sides of head to varying degrees, often strong at the temporal lateral line pores; dorsal fin with dark spots or reticulum on the spinous part, oblique bars on the soft; anal barred posteriorly; caudal with vertical dark bars proximally, sometimes becoming irregular or fading out distally (Ref. 2, 55060). Mature male with green and purple sheen on the body, cheeks and opercula; dorsal margin bright orange, caudal margin crimson; pelvics and often also edge of anal bluish green; yellow spots on the dorsal and anal fin, and caudal fin yellow to orange; the dark mottlings on the flanks become more intense during aggressive or courting behaviour (Ref. 2). In life the dark spots are accompanied by golden-yellow spots (Ref. 2). The young have 9-14 dark vertical bars on the body, stretching from dorsal to ventral surface, caudal and hind end of anal striped as in adults (Ref. 2, 55060). A well marked black Tilapia-mark on a clear background extending from last dorsal spine to the third or fourth soft ray, and followed by 3 definite black bars on hind end of dorsal fin (Ref. 55060). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Morphology-1422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2018-11-07 23:24:40 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1422 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Dorsal spines (total): 17 - 19; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 13; Anal spines: 3 - 4; Analsoft rays: 10 - 12; Vertebrae: 32 - 33 Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Distribution-1422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-01-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1422 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Africa: Pangani River in Kenya and Tanzania (Ref. 2, 52331, 118630), from Lake Jipe down to the Pangani Falls dam (Ref. 118638). Introduced in ponds at Korogwe (Ref. 2), thence distributed to several ponds and dams in Tanzania (Ref. 2, 54836), including near Tanga (Ref. 2), in the Usambara Mountains (Ref. 2), in Lake Singida (Ref. 2, 54836), and in dams near Dodoma (Ref. 54836). Shechonge, A., B.P. Ngatunga, S.J. Bradbeer, J.J. Day, J.J. Freer, A.G.P. Ford, J. Kihedu, T. Richmond, S. Mzighani, A.M. Smith, E.A. Sweke, R. Tamatamah, A.M. Tyers, G.F. Turner and M.J. Genner 2018 Widespread colonisation of Tanzanian catchments by introduced Oreochromis tilapia fishes: the legacy from decades of deliberate introduction. Hydrobiologia (2018). (Ref. 118630) FB-Uses-1422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1422 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: experimental Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) FB-LifeCycle-1422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1422&StockCode=1473 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution A maternal mouthbrooder (Ref. 54046, 55060, 118638). Breeding pits consist of a central pit surrounded by two or three series of smaller pits (Ref. 2, 55060). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-TrophicStrategy-1422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-19 00:00:00 2018-11-09 18:59:56 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ jipe Found in lakes and rivers (Ref. 4967). Chiefly a browser of periphyton in the lake, but additionally feeding also on bottom deposits and associated phytobenthos (Ref. 30832). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Size-1422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1422 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 50.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2)) Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1422 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1422 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat benthopelagic; freshwater