FB-1342 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1342 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Pleuronectiformes Pleuronectidae Pleuronectes Pleuronectes platessa Linnaeus, 1758 Skrubbe Stornia Patruça Petruca Solha Solha das pedras patrúcia Solha-das-pedras Shojza Ushojza e zezë Ushojze e zeze Pisia Platýs bradavicnatý Platýs malý Passera Lleden fwd Flynder Skrubbe Butt Butte Elbbutt Flinder Flinger Flunder Gemeine Flunder Goldflunder Graubutt Sandbutt Strombutt Struffbutt Struvbutt Wattbutt Weserbutt Baltic flounder Butt European flounder Flounder Fluke Mediterranean flounder Mud flounder River flounder White fluke Jõelest lest Ósaskrubba Kampela Flet Flet d'Europe Liehbage פיונית Iverak Kalkan Pasara Platka Zlatopjeg Flundra Latesiol Linguata Linguata pianusa Palaria steddara Pansona Passara Passarella Passarello Passariello Passarin Passaru Passaua Passera Passera nera Passera pianuzza Passerino Passira Passr Pianuzza Rummo Karei plekste upinė plekšnė Baltiiskaya rechnaya kambala Chernomorskaya kambala Morskaja kambala Rechnaja kambala Rechnaya kambala Камбала речная речная камбала Iverak Jandroga Beggar fluke Black back Blin Geordie Craig fluke Crookit mooth Fluke Freshick Platesa malá Flundra Skrubba Skrubbflundra Skrubbskädda Dere pisisi Derepisi baligi Derepisisi Derepisisi balığı Pisi Глоса Глось Камбала Камбала глоса Камбала річкова Камбала річкова європейська Platija Platija europea Platixa Solla Bot Cambula Cambulă de liman Chamatída Cheimara Fasi Iverka Jezik Leadhbhóg Plana Plana d'Itàlia Φασί Χειμάρα Χωματίδα 川鰈 川鲽 河鰈 河鲽 Flesus vulgaris Moreau, 1881 Platessa carnaria Brown, 1830 Platessa flesus var. marmorata Nordmann, 1840 Platessa glabra Rathke, 1837 Platichthys flesus bogdanovi (Sandeberg, 1878) Platichthys flesus flesus (Linnaeus, 1758) Platichthys flesus italicus (Günther, 1862) Platichthys flesus luscus (Pallas, 1814) Platichthys flesus trachurus (Duncker, 1892) Platichthys flesus var. marmorata (Nordmann, 1840) Platichthys luscus (Pallas, 1814) Pleuronectes bogdanovii Sandeberg, 1878 Pleuronectes flesoides Pontoppidan, 1766 Pleuronectes flesus Linnaeus, 1758 Pleuronectes flesus caninensis Suvorov, 1929 Pleuronectes flesus leiurus Duncker, 1892 Pleuronectes flesus luscus Pallas, 1814 Pleuronectes flesus septentrionalis Berg, 1932 Pleuronectes flesus septentrionalis Surorov, 1925 Pleuronectes flesus trachurus Duncker, 1892 Pleuronectes italicus Günther, 1862 Pleuronectes luscus Pallas, 1814 Pleuronectes passer Linnaeus, 1758 Pleuronectes roseus Shaw, 1796 1990-10-17 2022-05-23 Russell, F.S.0 The eggs and planktonic stages of British marine fishes. Academic Press, London, UK. 524 p. (Ref. 37) Froese, R. and C. Papasissi0 The use of modern relational databases for identification of fish larvae. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 6(1):37-45. (Ref. 38) Halbeisen, H.-W.0 Bestimmungsschlüssel für Fischlarven der Nordsee und angrenzender Gebiete. Ber. Inst. Meeresk. Nr. 178. (Ref. 39) Roberts, R.J. (ed.)0 Fish pathology. Cassell Ltd., London. 318 p. (Ref. 51) Bertolini, F., U. D'Ancona, E. Padoa Montalenti, S. Ranzi, L. Sanzo, A. Sparta, E. Tortonese and M. Vialli0 Uova, larve e stadi giovanili di Teleostei. Fauna Flora Golfo Napoli Monogr. 38:1-1064. (Ref. 65) Varagnolo, S.0 Calendario di comparse di uova pelagiche die teleostei marini nel plancton di Chioggia. Archiv. Oceanogr. Limnol. 13(2):249-279. (Ref. 80) Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström0 Collins guide to the sea fishes of Britain and North-Western Europe. Collins, London, UK. 244 p. (Ref. 173) FAO0 Fishery statistics - catches and landings. FAO Yearb. 62:480 p. (Ref. 181) Schäperclaus, W.0 Fischkrankheiten, vols. 1 and 2. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin. 1089 p. 4th edition. (Ref. 193) Möller, H. and K. Anders0 Diseases and parasites of marine fishes. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 365 p. (Ref. 194) Amlacher, E.0 Taschenbuch der Fischkrankheiten, 4th edition. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart. (Ref. 196) Möller, H. and K. Anders0 Krankheiten und Parasiten der Meeresfische. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 258 p. (Ref. 200) Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Coull, K.A., A.S. Jermyn, A.W. Newton, G.I. Henderson and W.B. Hall0 Length/weight relationships for 88 species of fish encountered in the North Atlantic. Scottish Fish. Res. Rep. (43):80 p. (Ref. 268) Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström0 Süßwasserfische. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München. 224 p. (Ref. 556) Blanc, M., J.-L. Gaudet, P. Banarescu and J.-C. Hureau0 European inland water fish. A multilingual catalogue. Fishing News (Books) Ltd., London. (Ref. 683) Hohendorf, K.0 Eine Diskussion der von Bertalanffy Funktionen und ihre Anwendung zur Charakterisierung des Wachstums von Fischen. Kieler Meeres. 22:70-97. (Ref. 848) Saeger, J.0 Der Befischungszustand der Flunderpopulation in der Kieler Bucht. Kiel University. 115 p. Thesis. (Ref. 1099) Pauly, D.0 On the interrelationships between natural mortality, growth parameters, and mean environmental temperature in 175 fish stocks. J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 39(2):175-192. (Ref. 1139) Fiedler, K.0 Lehrbuch der Speziellen Zoologie. Band II: Wirbeltiere. 2. Teil: Fische. D. Starck (ed.). Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena. 498 p. (Ref. 1468) Linnaeus, C.0 Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordinus, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. 824 p. (Ref. 1652) Welcomme, R.L.0 International introductions of inland aquatic species. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 294. 318 p. (Ref. 1739) Nijssen, H. and S.J. de Groot0 Catalogue of fish species of the Netherlands. Beaufortia 21(285):173-207. (Ref. 1756) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 Catalog of the genera of recent fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. 697 p. (Ref. 1830) Berg, L.S.0 Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 3, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1949). (Ref. 2058) Thurston, R.V. and P.C. Gehrke0 Respiratory oxygen requirements of fishes: description of OXYREF, a data file based on test results reported in the published literature. p. 95-108. In R.C. Russo & R.V. Thurston (eds.) Fish Physiology, Toxicology, and Water Quality Management. Proceedings of an International Symposium, Sacramento, California, USA, September 18-19, 1990. US Environmental Protection Agency EPA/600/R-93/157. (Ref. 2120) Allardi, J. and P. Keith0 Atlas préliminaire des poissons d'eau douce de France. Coll. Patrimoines Naturels, vol. 4. Secrétariat Faune Flore, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. 234 p. (Ref. 2163) Hughes, G.M. and M. Morgan0 The structure of fish gills in relation to their respiratory function. Biol. Revs. 48(3):419-475. (Ref. 2302) Hughes, G.M.0 Distribution of oxygen tension in the blood and water along the secondary lamella of icefish gills. J. Exp. Biol. 56:481-492. (Ref. 2303) Steen, J.B. and T. Berg0 The gills of two species of haemoglobin-free fishes compared to those of other teleosts, with a note on severe anemia in the eel. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 18:517-526. (Ref. 2309) Duthie, G.G.0 The respiratory metabolism of temperature-adapted flatfish at rest and during swimming activity and the use of anaerobic metabolism at moderate swimming speeds. J. Exp. Biol. 97:359-373. (Ref. 2407) Kerstens, A., J.P. Lomholt and K. Johansen0 The ventilation, extraction and uptake of oxygen in undisturbed flounders, <i>Platichthys flesus</i>: responses to hypoxia acclimation. J. Exp. Biol. 83:169-179. (Ref. 2502) Dziurdzik, B.0 The respiratory surfaces of teleosts. VI. <i>Pleuronectes flesus luscus</i> Pall. Acta Biol. Cracov. Zoo. 6:136-145. (Ref. 2522) Steffensen, J.F., J.P. Lomholt and K. Johansen0 Gill ventilation and O2 extraction during graded hypoxia in two ecologically distinct species of flatfish, the flounder (<i>Platichthys flesus</i>) and the plaice (<i>Pleuronectes platessa</i>). Environ. Biol. Fishes 7(2):157-163. (Ref. 2627) Stresemann, E.0 Exkursionsfauna für die Gebiete der DDR und der BRD. Band 3, Wirbeltiere. Volk und Wissen, Volkseigener Verlag, Berlin. 370 p. (Ref. 3137) Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development0 Multilingual dictionary of fish and fish products. Fishing News Books, Oxford. (Ref. 3383) Bauchot, M.-L.0 Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814) Scabell, J.0 Der Ruegensche Frühjahrshering - das Laichgeschehen. Inauguraldissertation, Universität Rostock, August 1988:1-177. (Ref. 3944) Froese, R. and C.C. Frieß0 Synopsis of biological data on <i>Platichthys flesus</i> (L.), ICES assessment units 22 and 24, using the FISHBASE format. ICES C.M.1992/J:41. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Copenhagen. (Ref. 3994) Hempel, G. and W. Nellen0 Fische der Ostsee. p. 215-232. In Magaard L. and G. Rheinheimer (eds.). Meereskunde der Ostsee. Springer-Verlag. (Ref. 3995) Lüthen, K.0 Fischkrankheiten und Parasiten von Flunder, Scholle, Kliesche und Steinbutt aus den Küstengewässern der DDR. Dissertation, Hochschule Liselotte Hermann, Güstrow, Germany. (Ref. 3996) Hertling, H.0 Untersuchungen über die Ernährung von Meeresfischen (Quantitative Nahrungsuntersuchungen an Pleuronektiden und eingewanderten Fischen der Ostsee). Ber. d. wiss. Kom. f. Meeresforsch. 4(2). (Ref. 3997) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Muus, B. and P. Dahlström0 Meeresfische der Ostsee, der Nordsee, des Atlantiks. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München. 244 p. (Ref. 4645) De Jager, S., M.E. Smit-Onel, J.J. Videler, B.J.M. Van-Gills and E.M. Uffink0 The respiratory area of the gills of some teleost fishes in relation to their mode of life. Bijdr. Dierk. 46(2):199-205. (Ref. 4811) Berg, L.S.0 System der rezenten und fossilen Fischartigen und Fische. VEB Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin. (Ref. 4830) FAO0 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Nielsen, J.G.0 Pleuronectidae. p. 623-627. In J.C. Hureau and Th. Monod (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 5720) Dorel, D.0 Poissons de l'Atlantique nord-est relations taille-poids. Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer. Nantes, France. 165 p. (Ref. 6014) Koli, L.0 Suomen kalat. [Fishes of Finland]. Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö. Helsinki. 357 p. (in Finnish). (Ref. 6114) Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell0 Freshwater fishes of the British Isles. HarperCollins Publishers, London.368 p. (Ref. 6258) Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlstrøm0 Havfisk og Fiskeri i Nordvesteuropa. GEC Gads Forlag, København, 244 p. (in Danish). (Ref. 6302) Crossman, E.J.0 Introduced freshwater fishes: A review of the North American perspective with emphasis on Canada. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48 (Suppl. 1):46-57. (Ref. 6399) Vianet, R., J.-P. Quignard and J.-A. Tomasini0 Âge et croissance de quatre poissons Pleuronectiformes (flet, turbot, barbue, sole) du golfe du Lion. Cybium 13(3):247-258. (Ref. 7049) Carpenter, K.0 List of FAO names in the yearbook found inconsistent with FIRM's Species Identification and Data Programme publications and other primary sources. pers. comm. FIDI-FIRM List, FAO, Rome. (Ref. 7439) Balon, E.K.0 Epigenesis of an epigeneticist: the development of some alternative concepts on the early ontogeny and evolution of fishes. Guelph Ichthyol. Rev. 1:1-48. (Ref. 7471) FAO0 FAO Yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 74: 1992. FAO Fish. Ser. 43:677 p. (Ref. 8984) Economidis, P.S.0 Catalogue of the fishes of Greece. Reprinted from Hellenic Oceanology and Limnology, Praktika of the Inst. of Ocean. and Fishing Research, vol. 11 (1972). (Ref. 9057) Bruce, J.R., J.S. Colman and N.S. Jones0 Marine fauna of the Isle of Man. Memoir No. 36. Liverpool University Press, Liverpool. (Ref. 9488) Minchin, D.0 Fishes of the Lough Hyne marine reserve. J. Fish Biol. 31(3):343-352. (Ref. 9610) Flintegård, H.0 Fishes in the North Sea Museum's aquaria. North Sea Museum, North Sea Centre, DK-9850 Hirtshals. Hirtshals Bogtryk/Offset A/S. (Ref. 9900) Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlstrøm0 Europas ferskvandsfisk. GEC Gads Forlag, København. 224p. (in Danish). (Ref. 9946) Frimodt, C.0 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988) Landbrugs -og Fiskeriministeriet0 Fiskeriårbogen 1996. Årbog for den danske fiskerflåde. Fiskeriårbogens Forlag ved Iver C. Weilbach & Co A/S, Toldbodgade 35, Postbox 1560, DK-1253 København K, Denmark. p 333-338, 388, 389 (in Danish). (Ref. 10963) Coad, B.W.0 Encyclopedia of Canadian fishes. Canadian Museum of Nature and Canadian Sportfishing Productions Inc. Singapore. (Ref. 12204) Sparholt, H.0 An estimate of the total biomass of fish in the North Sea. J. Cons. 46:200-210. (Ref. 12224) Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818) Muller, M. and C.C. Friess0 An assessment of the flounder (<i>Platichthys flesus</i>) stock in ICES sub-division 24 and 25. ICES C.M. 1996/J:20. (Ref. 12984) Lever, C.0 Naturalized fishes of the world. Academic Press, California, USA. 408 p. (Ref. 13364) Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl0 Aquarien Atlas, Band 5. Mergus Verlag, Melle, Germany. 1148 p. (Ref. 13614) Kottelat, M.0 European freshwater fishes. An heuristic checklist of the freshwater fishes of Europe (exclusive of former USSR), with an introduction for non-systematists and comments on nomenclature and conservation. Biologia, Bratislava, 52/Suppl. 5:1-271. (Ref. 13696) Amori, G., F.M. Angelici, S. Frugis, G. Gandolfi, R. Groppali, B. Lanza, G. Relini and G. Vicini0 Vertebrata. In A. Minelli, S. Ruffo and S. La Posta (eds.) Checklist delle specie della fauna Italiana, 110. Calderini, Bologna, 83 p. (Ref. 13729) FAO-FIDI0 International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants (ISSCAAP). November 1997. Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, Fisheries Department, FAO, Rome, Italy. (Ref. 26069) McDowall, R.M.0 Diadromy in fishes: migrations between freshwater and marine environments. Croom Helm, London. (Ref. 26213) Möller, H. and K. Anders0 Krankheiten und Parasiten der Meeresfische, 100 Dias. Verlag H. Möller, Kiel, Germany. (Ref. 26283) Reshetnikov, Y.S., N.G. Bogutskaya, E.D. Vasil'eva, E.A. Dorofeeva, A.M. Naseka, O.A. Popova, K.A. Savvaitova, V.G. Sideleva and L.I. Sokolov0 An annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of Russia. J. Ichthyol. 37(9):687-736. (Ref. 26334) Costa, F.0 Atlante dei pesci dei mari italiani. Gruppo Ugo Mursia Editore S.p.A. Milano, Italy. 438 p. (Ref. 26335) Sanches, J.G.0 Nomenclatura Portuguesa de organismos aquáticos (proposta para normalização estatística). Publ. Avuls. Inst. Nac. Invest. Pescas 14:322 p. (Ref. 26388) Gerstmeier, R. and T. Romig0 Die Süßwasserfische Europas: für Naturfreunde und Angler. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany. 368 p. (Ref. 27368) Marceta, B.0 Check-list of the fishes of the Gulf of Trieste (North Adriatic Sea). In prep. Provided on spreadsheet to FishBase (19 Jan 1999). (Ref. 27929) Gibson, R.N. and L. Robb0 Piscine predation on juvenile fishes on a Scottish sandy beach. J. Fish Biol. 49(1):120-138. (Ref. 28130) Went, A.E.J.0 List of Irish fishes. Department of Lands, Fisheries Division, Dublin. 31 p. (Ref. 28679) Cooper, J.A. and F. Chapleau0 Monophyly and intrarelationships of the family Pleuronectidae (Pleuronectiformes), with a revised classification. Fish. Bull. 96(4):686-726. (Ref. 30193) Kullander, S.O.0 Swedish fishes: checklist of Swedish fishes. Swedish Museum of Natural History. http://www.nrm.se/ve/pisces/allfish.shtml.en, 25 May 1999. (Ref. 30402) Randolph, S. and M. Snyder0 The seafood list: FDA's guide to acceptable market names for seafood sold in interstate commerce. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, USA. pag. var. (Ref. 30426) Thorman, S. and A.-M. Wiederholm0 Seasonal occurrence and food resource use of an assemblage of nearshore fish species in the Bothnian Sea, Sweden. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 10:223-229. (Ref. 30509) Billard, R.0 Les poissons d'eau douce des rivières de France. Identification, inventaire et répartition des 83 espèces. Lausanne, Delachaux & Niestlé, 192p. (Ref. 30578) Thiel, R., T. Mehner, B. Köpcke and R. Kafemann0 Diet niche relationship among early life stages of fish in German estuaries. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 47:123-136. (Ref. 30592) Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Anonymous0 Systematic list of Estonian fishes. World Wide Web Electronic Publication, 14 January 2000. (Ref. 33247) Anonymous0 Systematisk liste over norske fisk registert pr. 1997. http://alun.uio.no/zoomus/generell/avdelinger/fisk/fiskeliste.html (Ref. 33337) Soljan, T.0 I pesci dell'Adriatico. Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, Verona, Italy. (Ref. 33798) Klinkhardt, M, M. Tesche and H. Greven0 Database of fish chromosomes. Westarp Wissenschaften. (Ref. 34370) Klinkhardt, M.0 Zur Zytogenetik von <i>Platichthys flesus</i> und <i> Limanda limanda</i> (Pleuroectidae, Teleostei) und Karyoevolution der Pleuronectiformes. Z. Fischkunde 2:65-75. (Ref. 34759) Lajus, D.L.0 Khromosomnye nabory 13 vidov ryb V+Belogo morja. - Problemy izuchenija ratsional'nogo ispol'sovanija okhrany prirodnykh resursov Belogo morja.. Reg. Konf. Thes. Dokl. Petrozavodsk 179-180. (Ref. 34773) Alegre, M., J. Lleonart and J. Veny0 Espècies pesqueres d'interès comercial. Nomenclatura oficial catalana. Departament de Cultura, Generalitat Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. (Ref. 35117) Muus, B.J. and J.G. Nielsen0 Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p. (Ref. 35388) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Intitut fur Seefischerei (ISH). BIOLAB Forschungsinstitut, Hohenwestedt, Germany. (Ref. 35509) Winkler, H.M., K. Skora, R. Repecka, M. Ploks, A. Neelov, L. Urho, A. Gushin and H. Jespersen0 Checklist and status of fish species in the Baltic Sea. ICES CM 2000/Mini:11, 15 p. (Ref. 36252) Dolgov, A.V.0 New data on composition and distribution of the Barents Sea ichthyofauna. ICES CM2000/Mini:12, 12p. (Ref. 36372) Costa, M.J.0 Écologie alimentaire des poissons de l'estuaire du Tage. Cybium 12(4):301-320. (Ref. 37407) Laffaille, P., E. Feunteun and J.C. Lefeuvre0 Composition of fish communities in a European macrotidal salt marsh (the Mont Saint-Michel Bay, France). Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 51(4):429-438. (Ref. 38302) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Hesselio, M.P.0 Hertzfliessende Betrachtungen von dem Elbe-Strom. Eigenverlag Altona, [Hamburg, Germany]. 156 p. (Ref. 39103) Bakardjiev, I. (comp.)0 List of Bulgarian common names. Pers. comm. (Ref. 39223) Try, I.0 Mollusc species in the diets of dab (<i>Limanda limanda</i>), flounder (<i>Platichthys flesus</i>) and plaice (<i>Pleuronectes platessa</i>) in Aarhus Bay, Denmark. Spec. Publ. Phuket Mar. Biol. Cent. 21(2):39-46. (Ref. 39319) Froese, R.0 Moderne Methoden zur Bestimmung von Fischlarven. Faculty of Biology, University of Hamburg. Ph. D. thesis. (Ref. 39373) Crespo, J., J. Gajate and R. Ponce0 Clasificación científica e identificación de nombres vernáculos existentes en la base de datos de seguimiento informático de recursos naturales oceánicos. Instituto Español de Oceanografia, Madrid, Spain. 414 p. (Ref. 39531) Coad, B.W.0 Freshwater fishes of Iran. Acta Sci. Nat. Acad. Sci. Brno. 29(1):1-64. (Ref. 39702) Keith, P. and J. Allardi (coords.)0 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de France. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Patrimoines naturels, 47:1-387. (Ref. 40476) Anonymous0 Comparative data on fish life history. http://www.ifremer.fr/maerha/life_history.html (Ref. 40546) IGFA0 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) Vianet, R.0 Le flet du Golfe du Lion, <i>Platichthys flesus</i> Linné 1758. Systématique-Écobiologie-Pêche. Université des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc. Thesis. (Ref. 40746) Kändler, R. and W. Pirwitz0 Über die Fruchbarkeit der Plattfishe im Nordsee-Ostsee Raum. Kiel Meeresforsch. 13:11-34. (Ref. 40747) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919) Lusk, S. and L. Hanel0 The Red List of lampreys and fishes in the Czech Republic - Version 2000. Biodiverzita ichtyofauny CR(III):5-13. (Ref. 41386) Khlopnikov, M.M.0 Feeding of predatory fishes in the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea. J. Ichthyol. 32(7):152-159. (Ref. 41405) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Economidis, P.S.0 Common names of Hellenic marine fishes. Aristotle University, Unpublished Technical Report. (Ref. 41474) Economidis, P.S. and E. Koutrakis0 Common names of comercially important Hellenic marine organisms. Aristotle University, Unpublished Technical Report. (Ref. 41475) Deval, M.C.0 Common names of marine fishes of Turkey. Unpublished report. (Ref. 41476) Hall, A.J., J. Watkins and P.S. Hammond0 Seasonal variation in the diet of harbour seals in the south-western North Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 170:269-281. (Ref. 41835) Spratte, S and U. Hartmann0 Fischartenkataster: Süßwasserfische und Neunaugen in Schleswig-Holstein. Ministerium für ländliche Räume, Landwirtschaft, Ernährung und Tourismus, Kiel Germany. 183 p. (Ref. 41851) Fonds, M., R. Cronie, A.D. Vethaak and P. Van Der Puyl0 Metabolism, food consumption and growth of plaice (<i>Pleuronectes platessa</i> and flounder (<i>Platichthys flesus</i>) in relation to fish size and temperature. Neth. J. Sea Res. 29(1-3):127-143. (Ref. 42462) Veer, H.W. van der and J.J. Zijlstra0 Predation of flatfish larvae by <i>Pleurobrachia pileus</i> in coastal waters. ICES CM/G:16, 11p. (Ref. 43445) Thorman, S.0 Physical factors affecting the abundance and species richness of fishes in the shallow waters of the southern Bothnian Sea (Sweden). Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 22:357-369. (Ref. 43772) Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 An overview of nonindigenous fishes in inland waters of Russia. Proc. Zool. Inst. Russ. Acad. Sci. 296:21-30. (Ref. 45022) Bogutskaya, N.G.0 Common names of Russian freshwater fishes. Spreadsheet with cyrillic names made available for inclusion in FishBase. Unpublished. (Ref. 45043) Granzotto, A.0 List of common Italian names. Personal communication (Excel file). (Ref. 45163) Salekhova, L.P., N.S. Kostenko, T.A. Bogachick and O.N. Minibaeva0 Composition of ichthyofauna in the region of the Karadag State Reserve (Black Sea). J. Ichthyol. 28(2):16-23. (Ref. 45714) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung0 Verzeichnis der Handelsbezeichnungen für Erzeugnisse der Fischerei und der Aquakultur. Retrieved 17 June 2003, from http://www.ble.de. (Ref. 47487) Luther, W. and K. Fiedler0 Guida della fauna marina costiera del Mediterraneo. Atlante illustrato a colori. Franco Muzzio & C. (editore), Roma. 244p. (Ref. 48500) Papaconstantinou, C.0 Check-list of marine fishes of Greece. Fauna Graeciae IV, 257 p. (Ref. 48657) Potter, I.C., D.J. Bird, P.N. Claridge, K.R. Clarke, G.A. Hyndes and L.C. Newton0 Fish fauna of the severn estuary. Are there long-term changes in abundance and species composition and are the recruitment patterns of the main marine species correlated?. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 258:15-37. (Ref. 49557) Aarnio, K. and J. Mattila0 Predation by juvenile <i>Platichthys flesus</i>(L.) on shelled prey species in a bare sand and a drift algae habitat. Hydrobiologia 440:347-355. (Ref. 49691) Quignard, J.P. and J.A. Tomasini0 Mediterranean fish biodiversity. Biol. Mar. Mediterr. 7(3):1-66. (Ref. 50345) Anonymous0 Welsh names of animals and plants: I Vertebrates: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. p.17-26. In W.B.L. Evans (ed.) Cyfres enwan (creaduriaid a phlauhigion: I creaduriaid asgwrn-cefn pysgod, amffibiaid, ymlusgiaid, adar a mamaliaid. Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd. (Ref. 50359) Louisy, P.0 Guide d'identification des poissons marins. Europe et Méditerranée. Paris: Eds. Eugène Ulmer. (Ref. 50675) Hureau, J.-C. and T. Monod (eds.)0 Supplement. Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean. p.339-394. In J.-C. Hureau and Th. Monod (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean.United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Paris, France. Vols 1-2. 683 p. (Ref. 51024) Thiel, R., H. Cabral and M.J. Costa0 Composition, temporal changes and ecological guild classification of the ichthyofaunas of large European estuaries - a comparison between the Tagus (Portugal) and the Elbe (Germany). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 19(5):330-342. (Ref. 51031) Mouritsen, R.0 Fiskanøvn. www.frs.fo/frame2.htm (Ref. 51094) Riede, K.0 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Tiffert, K.0 Fischereiliche und wirtschaftliche Bedeutung der Sportangelei in der Kieler Bucht. Diplomarbeit, Institut für Meereskunde, Christian-Albrecht Universität Kiel, 52 p. (Ref. 51307) Rochard, E. and P. Elie0 La macrofaune aquatique de l'estuaire de la Gironde. Contribution au livre blanc de l'Agence de l'Eau Adour Garonne. p. 1-56. In J.-L. Mauvais and J.-F. Guillaud (eds.) État des connaissances sur l'estuaire de la Gironde. Agence de l'Eau Adour-Garonne, Éditions Bergeret, Bordeaux, France. 115 p. (Ref. 51442) Evseenko, S.A.0 Family Pleuronectidae Cuvier 1816. Righteye flounders. Calif. Acad. Sci. Annotated Checklists of Fishes (37):37. (Ref. 51668) Ojaveer, E. and E. Pihu0 Estonian natural fish waters. p. 15-27. In E. Ojaveer, E. Pihu and T. Saat (eds.) Fishes of Estonia. Estonian Academy Publishers, Tallinn. (Ref. 52079) Ojaveer, E., E. Pihu and T. Saat0 Fishes of Estonia. Estonian Academy Publishers, Tallinn. 416 p. (Ref. 52093) Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt and C.K. Minns0 Morphological and ecological characteristics of Canadian freshwater fishes. Can. MS Rpt. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2554:iv+89p. (Ref. 52559) Chibani, M., I. Glazewska and J. Rokicki0 The use of isozymes to identify specimens of <i>Pomphorrhynchus</i> (Acanthocephala) in flounder, <i>Platichthys flesus</i> from the Baltic Sea. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 84(1):277-279. (Ref. 52717) Bedford, B.C., L.E. Woolner and B.W. Jones0 Length-weight relationships for commercial fish species and conversion factors for various presentations. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Directorate of Fisheries Research. Fisheries Research Data Report No. 10. (Ref. 54271) FAO-FIGIS0 A world overview of species of interest to fisheries. Chapter: Platichthys flesus. Retrieved on 21 June 2005, from www.fao.org/figis/servlet/species?fid=2550. 3p. FIGIS Species Fact Sheets. Species Identification and Data Programme-SIDP, FAO-FIGIS (Ref. 54704) Watt, R.A.0 A glossary of Scottish dialect fish and trade names. Scott. Fish. Inf. Pam. No. 17. (Ref. 54730) Hanel, L.0 Komentovaný přehled mihulí a ryb české republiky. Bull. Lampetra V:27-67. (Ref. 54731) Hanel, L.0 The ichthyofauna of the Czech Republic: development and present state. Matthias Belivs Univ. Proc. 3(1):41-71. (Ref. 54732) Plikss, M.0 Fish of Latvia. http://latvijas.daba.lv/scripts/db/saraksti/saraksti.cgi?d=zivis&l=en. Accessed 24/11/05. (Ref. 55893) Smolian, K.0 Merkbuch der Binnenfischerei. Fischereiförderung GmbH, Berlin, Germany, p. 449, XXV. (Ref. 55947) Svenning, M.-A., S.E. Fagermo, R.T. Barrettş, R. Borgstrøm, W. Vaderş, T. Pedersen and S. Sandring0 Goosander predation and its potential impact on Atlantic salmon smolts in the River Tana estuary, northern Norway. J. Fish Biol. 66(4):924-937. (Ref. 56067) Iacob, L. and I. Dima0 Regnul Animalia. Eukarya. Enciclopedia Florei si Faunei din Romania. (Ref. 56616) Bos, A.R. and R. Thiel0 Influence of salinity on the migration of post-larval and juvenile European flounder (<i>Pleuronectes flesus</i> L.) in a gradient experiment. J. Fish Biol. 68(5):1411-1420. (Ref. 57573) Bos, A.R.0 Aspects of the life history of the European flounder (Pleuronectes flesus L. 1758) in the tidal River Elbe. Dissertation.de Verlag im Internet GmbH. Berlin. 129 pp. (Ref. 57574) Bos, A.R.0 Tidal transport of flounder larvae (<i>Pleuronectes flesus</i>) in the Elbe River, Germany. Archive of Fisheries and Marine Research 47(1):47-60. (Ref. 57575) Ecomarg Project0 Biodiversity: Cantabrian Sea, Galician Shelf and Le Danois Bank. Ecomarg Project (ecomarg.net). (Ref. 57747) Bilecenoğlu, M., Taskavak E., S. Mater and M. Kaya0 Checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Zootaxa 113(1):1-194. (Ref. 57855) Chinese Academy of Fishery Science (CAFS)0 Database of genetic resources of aquatic organisms in China (as of January 2007). Chinese Academy of Fishery Science. (Ref. 57879) Mercader, L., D. Lloris and J. Rucabado0 Tots els peixos del mar Catala. Diagnosis I claus d'identifucació. Institut D'estudis Catalans. Barcelona. 350p. (Ref. 57922) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 REGIONAL CHECK-LISTS: Don River Drainage Area. In Website and Database: "Freshwater Fishes of Russia": A Source of Information on the Current State of the Fauna. Zoological Institute RAS. (Ref. 58293) Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 REGIONAL CHECK-LISTS: Kuban River Drainage Area. In Website and Database: "Freshwater Fishes of Russia": A Source of Information on the Current State of the Fauna. Zoological Institute RAS. (Ref. 58296) Fricke, R., M. Bilecenoglu and H.M. Sari0 Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species (Gnathostoma and Petromyzontomorphi) of Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. Sea A (706):1-172. (Ref. 58342) Plejic, T.0 Fische der Adria. Das romanische Element in der kroatischen Ichthyofauna. Mit Glossar der Adriafische Kroatisch-Englisch-Deutsch-Italienisch. Diploma Thesis. University of Leipzig Institute of Applied Linguistics and Translational Studies. (Ref. 58723) Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof0 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) Dulčić, J. and B. Glamuzina0 Length-weight relationships for selected fish species from three eastern Adriatic estuarine systems (Croatia). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:254-256. (Ref. 59118) Azevedo, M.F.C., C. Oliveira, B.G. Pardo, P. Martinez and F. Foresti0 Cytogenetic characterization of six species of flatfishes with comments to karyotype differentiation patterns in Pleuronectiformes (Teleostei). J. Fish Biol. 70(Suppl.A):1-15. (Ref. 72412) Kosior, M., J. Kuczynski and W. Grygiel0 Reproduction of Baltic flounder (Platichthys flesus L.) in relation to some somatic factors. ICES C.M. J:29. (Ref. 74443) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Sapota, M.R. and K.E. Skóra0 Spread of alien (non-indigenous) fish species <i>Neogobius melanostomus</i> in the Gulf of Gdansk (south Baltic). Biological Invasions (2005) 7:157-164. (Ref. 79568) Rogers, S.I. and R.S. Millner0 Factors affecting the annual abundance and regional distribution of English inshore demersal fish populations: 1973 to 1995. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 53:1094-1112. (Ref. 80786) Tollit, D.J., A. D Black, P. M. Thompson, A Mackay, H. M. Corpe, B. Wilson, S. M. Van Parijs, K. Grellier and K. Parlane0 Variations in harbour seal <i>Phoca vitulina</i> diet and dive-depths in relation to foraging habitat. J. Zool., Lond. 244:209-222. (Ref. 80817) Klenz, B.0 Fischarten der westlichen Ostsee - Untersuchungen von 2000 bis 2002 (Fish species in the western Baltic Sea - Surveys from 2000 to 2002). Inf. Fischwirtsch. Fischereiforsch. 50(3), 2003: 122-125. (Ref. 82151) Rogers, S.I., D. Maxwell, A.D. Rijnsdorp, U. Damm and W. Vanheed0 Fishing effects in northeast Atlantic shelf seas: patterns in fishing effort, diversity and community structure. IV. Can comparisons of species diversity be used to assess human impacts on demersal fish faunas?. Fish. Res. 40(2):135-152. (Ref. 82397) Dhora, Dh.0 Regjistër I specieve të faunës së Shqipërisë 2010. Shkodër: Camaj-Pipa. 208 p. (Ref. 83428) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Lekuona, J.M.0 Food intake, feeding behaviour and stock losses of cormorants, Phalacrocorax carbo, and grey herons, Ardea cinerea, at a fish farm in Arcachon Bay (Southwest France) during breeding and non-breeding season. Folia Zool. 51(1): 23-34. (Ref. 85088) Clarke, A. and N.M. Johnston0 Scaling of metabolic rate with body mass and temperature in teleost fish. J. Anim. Ecol. 68:893-905. (Ref. 85173) Seeto, J. and W.J. Baldwin0 A checklist of the fishes of Fiji and a bibliography of Fijian fish. Division of Marine Studies Technical Report 1/2010. The University of the South Pacific. Suva, Fiji. 102 p. (Ref. 85272) Bañón, R., D. Villegas-Ríos, A. Serrano, G. Mucientes and J.C. Arronte0 Marine fishes from Galicia (NW Spain): an updated checklist. Zootaxa 2667:1-27. (Ref. 86578) Ak, O., S. Kutlu and I. Aydin0 Length-Weight Relationship for 16 Fish Species From the Eastern Black Sea, Türkiye. Turk J Fish Aquat Sci, 9:125-126. (Ref. 86700) Dhora, Dh.0 Fjalor i emrave të kafshëve të Shqipërisë (Emri shkencor - Shqip - Anglisht) / Dictionary of animal names of Albania (Scientific names - Albanian - English). Camaj - Pipa. Shkodër, Albania. pp. 288. (Ref. 87029) Bat, L., Y. Erdem, S. Ustaoğlu, Ö Yardım and H. Hüseyin Satılmış0 A study on the fishes of the Central Black Sea coast of Turkey. J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 11:291-296. (Ref. 88083) Verreycken, H., G. Van Thuyne and C. Belpaire0 Length-weight relationships of 40 freshwater fish species from two decades of monitoring in Flanders (Belgium). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 2011:1-5. (Ref. 88166) Lusk, S., V. Luskova, L. Hanel, B. Lojkasek and P. Hartvich0 Červený seznam mihulí a ryb České Republiky - verze 2010. The Red List of lampreys and fishes of the Czech Republic Version 2010. Biodiverzita Ichtyofauny ČR (VIII): 68-78. (Ref. 89840) Maitland, P.S. and A.A. Lyle0 Threatened freshwater fishes of Great Britain. p. 9-21. A. Kirchhofer and D. Hefti (eds) In Conservation of Endangered Freshwater Fish in Europe. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, Switzerland. (Ref. 90052) Lusk, S.0 The status of the fish fauna in the Czech Republic. p. 89-98. A. Kirchhofer and D. Hefti (eds) In Conservation of Endangered Freshwater Fish in Europe. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, Switzerland. (Ref. 90060) Povz, M.0 The red data list of the freshwater lampreys (Cyclostomata) and fish (Pisces) of Slovenia. p. 63-72. A. Kirchhofer and D. Hefti (eds) In Conservation of Endangered Freshwater Fish in Europe. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, Switzerland. (Ref. 90061) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated internet version of 30 April 2013. Catalog databases of CAS cited in FishBase (website). (Ref. 93382) Froese, R. and A. Sampang0 Potential indicators and reference points for good environmental status of commercially exploited marine fishes and invertebrates in the German EEZ. http://oceanrep.geomar.de/22079/ (Ref. 94462) Miniconi, R. and Parc naturel régional de la Corse0 Parc naturel régional de Corse: poissons de Corse et de Méditerranée. Ajaccio: Parc naturel régional de la Corse; [Clermont-Ferrand] : Atelier de recherche des parcs pour l'expression graphique et l'édition, 116 p. (Ref. 94543) Engell-Sørensen, K., J.G. Støttrup and M. Holmstrup0 Rearing of flounder (<i>Platichthys flesus</i>) juveniles in semiextensive systems. Aquaculture 230:475-491. (Ref. 95474) Goren, M.0 The fishes of the Mediterranean: a biota under siege. pp. 385-400. In Goffredo, S. and Z. Dubinsky. 2014. The Mediterranean Sea: its history and present challenges. Springer Netherlands. 655 pp. (Ref. 95489) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) Lloris, D., J. Rucabado, Ll. del Cerro, F. Portas, M. Demestre and A. Roig0 Tots els peixos del Mar Català. I: Llistat de cites I referències. Treballs Soc. Cat. Ict. Herp. 1:1-208. (Ref. 95727) Psomadakis, P.N., S. Giustino and M. Vacchi0 Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas. Zootaxa 3263:1-46. (Ref. 95871) van der Hammen, T. and J.J. Poos0 Data evaluation of data-limited stocks: dab, flounder, witch, lemon sole, brill, turbot and horse mackerel. Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen. Report No. C110/12. (Ref. 96303) Miniconi, R.0 Complément à l'inventaire des poissons des eaux de Corse (1994-2011). Biologie - Pȇche - Localisation. Edition A Barcella Ajaccio, 50 p. (Ref. 96325) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350. In Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194) IGFA0 Database of IGFA angling records. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA. (www.igfa.org, accessed 21/08/2015). (Ref. 104349) Pihu, E.0 Loomade elu 4. köide. Kalad. Pihu, E. 1979. Loomade Elu, 4. Köide, Kalad. Valgus, Tallinn. (Ref. 105472) Çiçek, E., R. Fricke and S.S. Birecikligil0 Freshwater fishes of Turkey: a revised and updated annotated checklist. Biharean Biologist 9(2):141-157. (Ref. 106151) Wilhelms, I.0 Atlas of length-weight relationships of 93 fish and crustacean species from the North Sea and the North-East Atlantic (No. 12). Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries, 552 p. (Ref. 106276) Acarli, D., A. Kara and B. Bayhan0 Length-weight relations for 29 fish species from Homa lagoon, Aegean sea, Turkey. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 44(3):249-257. (Ref. 107743) Cheung, W.L., R. Watson and D. Pauly0 Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch. Nature 497:365-368. (Ref. 107945) Papaconstantinou, C.0 Fauna Graeciae. An updated checklist of the fishes in the Hellenic seas. Monagraphs on Marine Sciences 7 (Ref. 113897) ICES0 ICES DATRAS Database. Downloaded in April 2013 from http://datras.ices.dk/Data_products/Download/Download_Data_public.aspx (Ref. 114862) Lart, A.0 A study of the biology and population dynamics of the flounder (<i>Platichthys flesus</i>) in the Humber Estuary. University of Wales. Master thesis. (Ref. 114895) ICES0 Report of the Benchmark Workshop on Baltic Flatfish Stocks (WKBALFLAT), 27-31 January 2014, Copenhagen, Denmark. ICES CM 2014/ACOM:39. 320 pp. (Ref. 115042) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Keskin, C.0 A preliminary study on demersal fishes in the southwestern Black Sea shelf (NW Turkey). J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 18(3):341-349. (Ref. 115544) Béarez, P., P. Pruvost, É. Feunteun, S. Iglésias, P. Francour, R. Causse, J. De Mazières, S. Tercerie and N. Bailly0 Checklist of the marine fishes from metropolitan France. Cybium 41(4):351-371. (Ref. 116450) Ulman, A.0 Turkish Fish Names. Personal communication (Ref. 116713) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Froese, R.0 Personal communication. (Table sent by the author). (Ref. 118592) Antunes, C., F. Cobo and M.J. Araujo0 Iberian inland fisheries. p. 268-282. In J.F. Craig (ed.). Freshwater Fisheries Ecology. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 899p. (Ref. 119049) Kasapoglu, N. and E. Duzgunes0 Length-weight relationships of marine species caught by five gears from the Black Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science 15(1):95-100. (Ref. 119290) Mahé, K., E. Bellamy, J.-P. Delpech, C. Lazard, M. Salaun, Y. Vérin, F. Coppin and M. Travers-Trolet0 Evidence of a relationship between weight and total length of marine fish in the North-eastern Atlantic Ocean: physiological, spatial and temporal variations. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98(3):627-625. (Ref. 119547) Mecklenburg, C.W., I. Byrkjedal, J.S. Christiansen, O.V. Karamushko, A. Lynghammar and P.R. Møller0 List of marine fishes of the Arctic region annotated with common names and zoogeographic characterizations. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna, Akureyri, Iceland. (Ref. 120666) Borg, J.P.G., M. Westerbom and H. Lehtonen0 Sex‐specific distribution and diet of <i>Platichthys flesus</i> at the end of spawning in the northern Baltic Sea. Journal of Fish Biology 84(4):937-951. (Ref. 121382) Froese, R., F. Flindt, E. Meyer, J. Meyer and O. Egerland0 Untersuchung zum Laichverhalten des Dorsches in der Kieler Bucht im Frühjahr 2020. Published online at https://www.fishbase.de/rfroese/LaichDorsch2020.pdf on 01 October 2020. (Ref. 122956) Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe0 Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998) Andreasen, H., S.D. Ross, U. Siebert, N.G. Andersen, K. Ronnenberg and A. Gilles0 Diet composition and food consumption rate of harbor porpoises (<i>Phocoena phocoena</i>) in the western Baltic Sea. Marine Mammal Science 33(4):1053-1079. (Ref. 123607) Semushin, A.V., G.V. Fuks and N.A. Shilova0 Flatfishes of the white sea: New data on the biology of the Arctic flounder <i>Liopsetta glacialis</i>, European Flounder <i>Platichthys flesus</i>, and common dab <i>Limanda limanda</i>. Journal of Ichthyology, 2015, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 527-539. (Ref. 124243) Martins, R. and M. Carneiro0 Manual de identificação de peixes ósseos da costa continental portuguesa. Principais características diagnosticantes. IPMA, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Lisboa:1-204. (Ref. 128458) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Le Pichon, C., T. Trancart, P. Lambert, F. Daverat and E. Rochard0 Summer habitat use and movements of late juvenile European flounder (<i>Platichthys flesus</i>) in tidal freshwaters: Results from an acoustic telemetry study. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 461:441-448. (Ref. 130271) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435) Calvès, I., E. Lavergne, A.L. Meistertzheim, G. Charrier, H. Cabral, B. Guinand, L. Quiniou and J. Laroche0 Genetic structure of European flounder <i>Platichthys flesus</i>: effects of both the southern limit of the species' range and chemical stress. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 472:257-273. (Ref. 131570) Lassalle, G., M. Béguer, L. Baulaton and E. Rochard0 Learning from the past to predict the future: Responses of European diadromous fish to climate change. Amer. Fish. Soc. Symp. 69:175-193. (Ref. 138126) FB-pic-1341-3577 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif Robbie N. Cada 1995-05-08 2008-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1341 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Plfle_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Plfle_u0.gif FB-pic-1341-19108 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1999-02-14 1999-04-07 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1341 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Plfle_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Plfle_u1.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-21 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1341 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Migratory fish, which is most of the year found in estuaries (Ref. 51442). Adults occur on mud and sand bottom in shallow water, at sea and brackish; often entering freshwaters (Ref. 59043). During winter, adults retreat to deeper, warmer waters, where they spawn in spring (Ref. 30193). The growing larvae are moving to the coast (Ref. 51442). Larvae and early juveniles use selective tidal transport to migrate upstream rivers (Ref. 57575) using a range of triggers such as salinity, prey density and water temperature (Ref. 57573, 57574). Juveniles live in shallow coastal waters and estuaries (Ref. 57574), which are also the summer feeding grounds for the adults (Ref. 30193). Juveniles of less than a year old feed on plankton and larvae of insects, juveniles of more than a year and adults feed on benthic fauna (Ref. 51442), including small fishes and invertebrates (Ref. 30193). Nocturnal and burrowing (Ref. 30193). Marketed fresh and frozen; can be steamed, fried, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Worms and mollusks are excellent baits for line fishing (Ref. 30578). Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe 2018 Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-04-02 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1341 Flatfish, its disc width less than half its length (Ref. 3137). Small mouth (Ref. 3137, Ref. 51442). Eyes mostly (70%) on right side (Ref. 3137, 51442), 79% of dextrally oriented flounder (n = 1076) in Bos, 2000 (Ref. 57574). Rough skin, especially along the lateral line and the basis of the dorsal and anal fin (Ref. 3137). Lateral line straight, slightly rounded over pectorals (Ref. 3137). Green-olive colored (Ref. 51442), the bottom side white (Ref. 3137). Irregular reddish spots on the eye side (Ref. 35388). Stresemann, E. 1974 Exkursionsfauna für die Gebiete der DDR und der BRD. Band 3, Wirbeltiere. Volk und Wissen, Volkseigener Verlag, Berlin. 370 p. (Ref. 3137) FB-Morphology-1341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-04-02 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1341 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 53 - 62; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 37 - 46 Stresemann, E. 1974 Exkursionsfauna für die Gebiete der DDR und der BRD. Band 3, Wirbeltiere. Volk und Wissen, Volkseigener Verlag, Berlin. 370 p. (Ref. 3137) FB-Distribution-1341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1341 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Eastern Atlantic: coastal and brackish waters of western Europe and from the White Sea to the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (Ref. 4705, Ref. 51442). Introduced into the USA and Canada accidentally through transport in ballast water (Ref. 1739). Asia: Iran (Ref. 39702). Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström 1974 Collins guide to the sea fishes of Britain and North-Western Europe. Collins, London, UK. 244 p. (Ref. 173) FB-Uses-1341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-21 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1341 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: experimental; gamefish: yes FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Engell-Sørensen, K., J.G. Støttrup and M. Holmstrup 2004 Rearing of flounder (<i>Platichthys flesus</i>) juveniles in semiextensive systems. Aquaculture 230:475-491. (Ref. 95474) FB-Migration-1341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-21 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1341 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Catadromous. Migrating from freshwater to the sea to spawn, e.g., European eels. Subdivision of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Lassalle, G., M. Béguer, L. Baulaton and E. Rochard 2009 Learning from the past to predict the future: Responses of European diadromous fish to climate change. Amer. Fish. Soc. Symp. 69:175-193. (Ref. 138126) FB-LifeCycle-1341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-21 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1341&StockCode=1359 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Spawns in the water column (Ref. 7471). Produces 400,000 to 2,000,000 eggs for each female (Ref. 51442). Balon, E.K. 1990 Epigenesis of an epigeneticist: the development of some alternative concepts on the early ontogeny and evolution of fishes. Guelph Ichthyol. Rev. 1:1-48. (Ref. 7471) FB-TrophicStrategy-1341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-04-02 00:00:00 2004-07-13 18:55:56 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public flesus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Juveniles of less than a year old feed on plankton and larvae of insects, juveniles of more than a year and adults feed on benthic fauna (Ref. 51442). The adults burrow in the sand during daytime and search for food during nighttime (Ref. 173). Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström 1974 Collins guide to the sea fishes of Britain and North-Western Europe. Collins, London, UK. 244 p. (Ref. 173) FB-Size-1341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-21 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1341 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 60.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 35388)); max. published weight: 2,930 g (Ref. 104349); max. reported age: 15 years (Ref. 3944) Muus, B.J. and J.G. Nielsen 1999 Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p. (Ref. 35388) IGFA 2015 Database of IGFA angling records. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA. (www.igfa.org, accessed 21/08/2015). (Ref. 104349) Scabell, J. 1988 Der Ruegensche Frühjahrshering - das Laichgeschehen. Inauguraldissertation, Universität Rostock, August 1988:1-177. (Ref. 3944) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-1341-6 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-08-22 00:00:00 1992-08-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1341&StockCode=1359 Fin-rot Disease (late stage). Bacterial diseases Möller, H. and K. Anders 1983 Krankheiten und Parasiten der Meeresfische. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 258 p. (Ref. 200) FB-Diseases-1341-74 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-08-22 00:00:00 1992-08-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1341&StockCode=1359 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Glugea Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Möller, H. and K. Anders 1983 Krankheiten und Parasiten der Meeresfische. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 258 p. (Ref. 200) FB-Diseases-1341-7 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Christian C. Frieß 1992-06-30 00:00:00 1992-06-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1341&StockCode=1359 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology IPN. Viral diseases Lüthen, K. 1989 Fischkrankheiten und Parasiten von Flunder, Scholle, Kliesche und Steinbutt aus den Küstengewässern der DDR. Dissertation, Hochschule Liselotte Hermann, Güstrow, Germany. (Ref. 3996) FB-Diseases-1341-281 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-08-22 00:00:00 1992-08-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1341&StockCode=1359 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Lepeophtheirus Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Möller, H. and K. Anders 1983 Krankheiten und Parasiten der Meeresfische. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 258 p. (Ref. 200) FB-Diseases-1341-77 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-08-22 00:00:00 1992-08-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1341&StockCode=1359 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Lernaeocera Disease (e.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Möller, H. and K. Anders 1983 Krankheiten und Parasiten der Meeresfische. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 258 p. (Ref. 200) FB-Diseases-1341-61 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Christian C. Frieß 1992-06-30 00:00:00 1992-06-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1341&StockCode=1359 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Lymphocystis Disease. Viral diseases Lüthen, K. 1989 Fischkrankheiten und Parasiten von Flunder, Scholle, Kliesche und Steinbutt aus den Küstengewässern der DDR. Dissertation, Hochschule Liselotte Hermann, Güstrow, Germany. (Ref. 3996) FB-Diseases-1341-52 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-08-22 00:00:00 1992-08-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1341&StockCode=1359 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Pomphorhynchus Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Möller, H. and K. Anders 1983 Krankheiten und Parasiten der Meeresfische. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 258 p. (Ref. 200) FB-Diseases-1341-151 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Christian C. Frieß 1992-06-30 00:00:00 1992-06-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1341&StockCode=1359 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Vibriosis of salmonids (chronic). Bacterial diseases Lüthen, K. 1989 Fischkrankheiten und Parasiten von Flunder, Scholle, Kliesche und Steinbutt aus den Küstengewässern der DDR. Dissertation, Hochschule Liselotte Hermann, Güstrow, Germany. (Ref. 3996) FB-Habitat-1341 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-21 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1341 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat demersal; catadromous (Ref. 138126); freshwater; brackish; marine; pH range: 7.5 - 8.2; depth range 1 - 100 m (Ref. 35388) Lassalle, G., M. Béguer, L. Baulaton and E. Rochard 2009 Learning from the past to predict the future: Responses of European diadromous fish to climate change. Amer. Fish. Soc. Symp. 69:175-193. (Ref. 138126) Muus, B.J. and J.G. Nielsen 1999 Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p. (Ref. 35388)