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	<dc:identifier>FB-12968</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12968</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Eupercaria/misc</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Sciaenidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Menticirrhus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Menticirrhus ophicephalus (Jenyns, 1840)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Sapo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Sardinha</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Sardinha chata</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Sardinha curta</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Sardinha moça</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Sardinha papo largo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Sardinha papuda</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Spidshalet tetra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='de'>Punktierter Kropfsalmler</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Juovasiipitetra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Arenca</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Pechón</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Sardinha</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>鰻形石斧脂鯉</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>鳗形石斧脂鲤</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Chalceus angulatus Spix &amp; Agassiz, 1829</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Chalcinus angulatus fuscus Garman, 1890</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Chalcinus angulatus vittatus Garman, 1890</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Triportheus flavus Cope, 1872</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1995-04-18</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2009-04-29</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1672&amp;speccode=12976'>Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch0 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 1672)</reference>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83882&amp;speccode=12976'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882)</reference>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=125882&amp;speccode=12976'>Oliveira, M.S.B., L.M.A. Silva, L. Prestes and M. Tavares-Dias0 Length-weight relationship and condition factor for twelve fish species from the Igarape Fortaleza basin, a small tributary of the Amazonas estuary. Acta Amazonica 50:8-11. (Ref. 125882)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=12976'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>Occurs over sandy bottoms in rivers.  Usually forms schools.  Mainly diurnal (Ref. 9086).  Feeds on the fruits and seeds of Moraceae, Myrtaceae, Euphorbiaceae; Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, and Brachyplatystoma flavicans (Ref. 9086); and on plankton, nekton, and crustaceans (Ref. 10615).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38376&amp;speccode=12976'>Lima, F.C.T., L.R. Malabarba, P.A. Buckup, J.F. Pezzi da Silva, R.P. Vari, A. Harold, R. Benine, O.T. Oyakawa, C.S. Pavanelli, N.A. Menezes, C.A.S. Lucena, M.C.S.L. Malabarba, Z.M.S. Lucena, R.E. Reis, F. Langeani, C. Moreira et al. … 2003 Genera Incertae Sedis in Characidae. p. 106-168. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 38376)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>South America:  Amazon River basin.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38376&amp;speccode=12976'>Lima, F.C.T., L.R. Malabarba, P.A. Buckup, J.F. Pezzi da Silva, R.P. Vari, A. Harold, R. Benine, O.T. Oyakawa, C.S. Pavanelli, N.A. Menezes, C.A.S. Lucena, M.C.S.L. Malabarba, Z.M.S. Lucena, R.E. Reis, F. Langeani, C. Moreira et al. … 2003 Genera Incertae Sedis in Characidae. p. 106-168. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 38376)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12976</dc:source>
	<dc:description>fisheries: subsistence fisheries; bait: occasionally</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-Migration-12976</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Carlos Palma Gonzales</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-04-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-10-04 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12976</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=12976'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-12976</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-04-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-10-04 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=12976&amp;StockCode=13298</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Males and females spawn in groups; often two or more males curled around one female (Ref. 10612).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=10612&amp;speccode=12976'>Kovacs, G., M.I.D.S. Nobre, F.R. Melo and J.W.B. Silva 1994 Propogaçao artificial e semi-artificial da sardinha, &lt;i&gt;Triportheus angulatus angulatus&lt;/i&gt; (Agassiz 1889) Fowler 1940. [Artificial and semi-artificial propagation of the Brazilian sardine, &lt;i&gt;Triportheus a. angulatus&lt;/i&gt; (Agassiz 1889) Fowler 1940. Boletim Técnico DNOCS, Fortaleza. Vol. 47/52, Nos. 1/2:131-168. (Ref. 10612)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-12976</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-01-30 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-06-25 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>angulatus</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Occurs over sandy bottoms in rivers.  Usually forms schools.  Mainly diurnal (Ref. 9086).  Feeds on the fruits and seeds of Moraceae, Myrtaceae, Euphorbiaceae; Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, and Brachyplatystoma flavicans (Ref. 9086); and on plankton, nekton, and crustaceans (Ref. 10615).  Omnivores (Refs. 51869, 76754).</dc:description>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=10615&amp;speccode=12976'>Dourado, O.F. 1981 Principais peixes e crustaceos dos açudes controlados pelo DNOCS. Sudene/DNOCS, Fortaleza, Ceará. 40 p. (Ref. 10615)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-12976</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Carlos Palma Gonzales</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-04-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-10-04 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12976</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>23.8 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 111115)); max. published weight: 211 g (Ref. 111115)</dc:description>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=111115&amp;speccode=12976'>Cella-Ribeiro, A., M. Hauser, L.D. Nogueira, C.R.C. Doria and G. Torrente-Vilara 2015 Length-weight relationships of fish from Madeira River, Brazilian Amazon, before the construction of hydropower plants. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 31:939-945. (Ref. 111115)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=111115&amp;speccode=12976'>Cella-Ribeiro, A., M. Hauser, L.D. Nogueira, C.R.C. Doria and G. Torrente-Vilara 2015 Length-weight relationships of fish from Madeira River, Brazilian Amazon, before the construction of hydropower plants. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 31:939-945. (Ref. 111115)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-12976</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Carlos Palma Gonzales</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-04-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-10-04 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12976</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); freshwater; pH range: 5.0 - 9.0; depth range 0 - 5 m (Ref. 10615)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=12976'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=10615&amp;speccode=12976'>Dourado, O.F. 1981 Principais peixes e crustaceos dos açudes controlados pelo DNOCS. Sudene/DNOCS, Fortaleza, Ceará. 40 p. (Ref. 10615)</reference></dataObject>
</taxon>
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