FB-12592 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12592 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Myliobatiformes Urolophidae Urolophus Urolophus kaianus Günther, 1880 Bleeker's butterfly ray Bleeker's butterfly-ray Butterfly ray Zonetail butterfly ray Vöötsaba-liblikrai Pari kelelawar Pari lowo Pari kelawar Pari payung Pari tembikar Pari temirka Krabane pee-sue Ringstaartvlinderrog 条尾燕魟 条尾鸢魟 條尾燕魟 條尾鳶魟 菱鳶魟 菱鸢魟 Aetoplatea zonura Bleeker, 1852 Aetoplatea zonurus Bleeker, 1852 Gymnura zonurus (Bleeker, 1852) Pteroplatea zonura (Bleeker, 1852) 1994-12-20 2024-08-19 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. 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(Ref. 132125) FB-GeneralDescr-12593 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-12-21 00:00:00 2024-05-24 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12593 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Demersal inshore, in shallow depths to at least 37 m (Ref.58048). Also found offshore (Ref. 9918). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Smallest individual was 27 cm WD. Caught often by demersal trawl, trammel and gillnet fisheries, and occasionally using tangle nets. Utilized for its meat, but of limited value due to its typically small size (Ref.58048). Compagno, L.J.V. 1999 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766) FB-Distribution-12593 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-12-21 00:00:00 2018-10-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12593 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Eastern Indian Ocean and Western Central Pacific: India to Indonesia, including Singapore and Thailand. Mould, B. 1994 A world list of rays. The scientific nomenclature and distribution of the recent Batoidea (Batoidea, Elasmobranchii, Chondrichthyes). University of Nottingham, [UK]. 82 p. (Ref. 8630) FB-Uses-12593 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-12-21 00:00:00 2024-05-24 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12593 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: commercial Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last 1999 Gymnuridae. Butterfly rays. p. 1506-1510. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes. Part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9918) FB-LifeCycle-12593 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-12-21 00:00:00 2024-05-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=12593&StockCode=12937 Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-Size-12593 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-12-21 00:00:00 2024-05-24 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12593 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology 106 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 58048)) White, W.T., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens, G.K. Yearsley, Fahmi and Dharmadi 2006 Economically important sharks and rays of Indonesia. [Hiu dan pari yang bernilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia]. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia. (Ref. 58048) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-12593 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-12-21 00:00:00 2024-05-24 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12593 reef-associated; marine; depth range 28 - 37 m (Ref. 9918) Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last 1999 Gymnuridae. Butterfly rays. p. 1506-1510. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes. Part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9918)