FB-12545 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12545 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Lophiiformes Oneirodidae Oneirodes Oneirodes acanthias (Gilbert, 1915) Muksun Muksun Muksun Muksunsiika Planktonsiika טרוטנית ארקטית Kolezen Maksun Moksun Muksun колезень Муксун муксун Муксун 穆森白鮭 穆森白鲑 Salmo muksun Pallas, 1814 1994-09-26 2020-11-09 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Berg, L.S.0 Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Resetnikov, J.S.0 Coregonid fishes in recent conditions. Finnish Fisheries Research 9:11-16. (Ref. 4881) Chiba, K., Y. Taki, K. Sakai and Y. Oozeki0 Present status of aquatic organisms introduced into Japan. p. 63-70. In S.S. De Silva (ed.) Exotic aquatic organisms in Asia. Proceedings of the Workshop on Introduction of Exotic Aquatic Organisms in Asia. Spec. Publ. Asian Fish. Soc. 3, 154 p. (Ref. 6094) Grabda, E. and T. Heese0 Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Poland. 171 p. (in Polish). (Ref. 6313) Koli, L.0 Kalannimiluettelo. (A list of common names of fishes.). In press. (in Finnish). (Ref. 7491) Vasil'ev, V.P.0 Chromosome numbers in fish-like vertebrates and fish. J. Ichthyol. 20(3):1-38. (Ref. 8973) Rab, P. and M. Jankun0 Chromosome studies of Coregonine fishes: a review. Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol. 39(3-4):523-532. (Ref. 12513) McDowall, R.M.0 Diadromy in fishes: migrations between freshwater and marine environments. Croom Helm, London. (Ref. 26213) Reshetnikov, Y.S., N.G. Bogutskaya, E.D. Vasil'eva, E.A. Dorofeeva, A.M. Naseka, O.A. Popova, K.A. Savvaitova, V.G. Sideleva and L.I. Sokolov0 An annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of Russia. J. Ichthyol. 37(9):687-736. (Ref. 26334) Kaidanova, T.I.0 Study of karyotypes in two species of the whitefish. (Issledovanie kariotipov dvuch vidov zigovych ryb). Izvestiya GosNIORKh (Proceedings of the GosNIORKh). 130():50-55. Leningrad. (Ref. 29835) Arkhipchuk, V.V.0 Chromosome database. Database of Dr. Victor Arkhipchuk. (Ref. 30184) Rass, T.S.0 Fish. Vol. 4, Life of animals. V.E. Sokolov (ed.), Moscow: Prosveschenie. 575p. (Ref. 30503) Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Klinkhardt, M, M. Tesche and H. Greven0 Database of fish chromosomes. Westarp Wissenschaften. (Ref. 34370) Winkler, H.M., K. Skora, R. Repecka, M. Ploks, A. Neelov, L. Urho, A. Gushin and H. Jespersen0 Checklist and status of fish species in the Baltic Sea. ICES CM 2000/Mini:11, 15 p. (Ref. 36252) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Andriyashev, A.P. and N.V. Chernova0 Annotated list of fishlike vertebrates and fish of the Arctic seas and adjacent waters. J. Ichthyol. 35(1):81-123. (Ref. 43202) Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 An overview of nonindigenous fishes in inland waters of Russia. Proc. Zool. Inst. Russ. Acad. Sci. 296:21-30. (Ref. 45022) Bogutskaya, N.G.0 Common names of Russian freshwater fishes. Spreadsheet with cyrillic names made available for inclusion in FishBase. Unpublished. (Ref. 45043) Ricker, W.E.0 Russian-English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa. (Ref. 48321) Horne, M.T. and A.C. Barnes0 Enteric redmouth disease (<i>Yersinia ruckeri</i>). p.455-477. In P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Bruno (eds.) Fish Diseases and Disorders, Vol. 3: Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Infections. CAB Int'l. (Ref. 48849) Riede, K.0 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Ma, X., X. Bangxi, W. Yindong and W. Mingxue0 Intentionally introduced and transferred fishes in China's inland waters. Asian Fish. Sci. 16(3&4):279-290. (Ref. 55380) Plikss, M.0 Fish of Latvia. http://latvijas.daba.lv/scripts/db/saraksti/saraksti.cgi?d=zivis&l=en. Accessed 24/11/05. (Ref. 55893) Moskalenko, B.K.0 Materials on the biology of whitefishes of Obskaya Guba. P. 74-93 in Pravdin, I.F. and P.L. Pirozhnikov (Eds.). Commercial fishes of Ob and Enisey and their use. Izv. VNIORH 44. Moscow, Pishchepromizdat. (Ref. 56482) Podlesnyi, A.V.0 Fishes of Enisey, their environments and use. P. 97-178 in Pravdin, I.F. and P.L. Pirozhnikov (Eds.). Commercial fishes of Ob and Enisey and their use. Izv. VNIORH 44. Moscow, Pishchepromizdat. (Ref. 56502) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 REGIONAL CHECK-LISTS: Volga River Drainage Area. In Website and Database: "Freshwater Fishes of Russia": A Source of Information on the Current State of the Fauna. Zoological Institute RAS. (Ref. 58297) Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof0 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) Pirozhnikov, P.L.0 Feeding of whitefishes in estuarine areas. Zool. Zhur. 29(2):140-146. (Ref. 75126) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Grabowska, J., J. Kotusz and A. Witkowski0 Alien invasive fish species in Polish waters: an overview. Folia Zool. 59(1):73-85. (Ref. 92885) European Network on Invasive Alien Species (NOBANIS)0 NOBANIS (Gateway to information on Invasive Alien species in North and Central Europe. NOBANIS (Ref. 93375) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Pihu, E.0 Loomade elu 4. köide. Kalad. Pihu, E. 1979. Loomade Elu, 4. Köide, Kalad. Valgus, Tallinn. (Ref. 105472) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Saks, L.0 Estonian Common Names, Rank 2. Personal communication (Ref. 116654) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Palomares, M.L.D., R. Froese, B. Derrick, S.-L. Nöel, G. Tsui, J. Woroniak and D. Pauly0 A preliminary global assessment of the status of exploited marine fish and invertebrate populations. A report prepared by the Sea Around Us for OCEANA. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, p. 64. (Ref. 118628) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) Corush, J.B.0 Evolutionary patterns of diadromy in fishes: more than a transitional state between marine and freshwater. BMC Evol. Biol. 19(168):13 p. (Ref. 138280) FB-GeneralDescr-12547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Sari Kuosmanen-Postila 1994-10-02 00:00:00 2025-11-18 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Anadromous, semi-anadromous, lacustrine, lacustrine-riverine, and riverine stocks have been reported. Most stocks are migratory, spending most of year at sea, sometimes rather far from coast (Ref. 59043). Adults stay mainly in the lower reaches of the rivers (Ref. 593) with slow current, large lakes and their tributaries, floodplain lakes, deltas and estuaries, marine waters with salinity up to 6-10%. They enter rivers in July - August and reach spawning sites by October - November. In larger rivers, moves upriver up tp 2000 km (average speed 20 km/day). Spawning occurs for the first time at 6-14 years, 47-50 cm SL. They spawn in rapids or shallows, at 1-2°C, when rivers start freezing. Adults leave spawning sites in winter (Ref. 59043). Eggs are buried in unguarded nests (Ref. 205). Eggs hatch in 150-180 days; peak hatching usually in April. Juveniles feed on plankton in winter (during which they do not cease active foraging) and benthic invertebrates in summer (Ref. 59043). Status of threat: Important commercial species but rapidly declining (Ref. 59043). Berg, L.S. 1962 Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593) FB-Distribution-12547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Sari Kuosmanen-Postila 1994-10-02 00:00:00 2024-11-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Arctic Ocean basin, from Kara to Kolyma drainages. Introduced or stocked in many lakes in northern and central Russia (Ref. 59043). Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Uses-12547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Sari Kuosmanen-Postila 1994-10-02 00:00:00 2025-11-18 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: highly commercial; price category: very high; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Berg, L.S. 1962 Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593) FB-Migration-12547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Sari Kuosmanen-Postila 1994-10-02 00:00:00 2025-11-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Anadromous. Fish that ascend rivers to spawn, as salmon and hilsa do. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Corush, J.B. 2019 Evolutionary patterns of diadromy in fishes: more than a transitional state between marine and freshwater. BMC Evol. Biol. 19(168):13 p. (Ref. 138280) FB-LifeCycle-12547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-10-02 00:00:00 2025-11-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=12547&StockCode=12878 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-12547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Jasper Mendoza 2023-02-01 00:00:00 2023-02-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public muksun http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Anadromous, semi-anadromous, lacustrine, lacustrine-riverine, and riverine stocks have been reported. Most stocks are migratory, spending most of year at sea, sometimes rather far from coast (Ref. 59043). Stays mainly in the lower reaches of the rivers (Ref. 593) with slow current, large lakes and their tributaries, floodplain lakes, deltas and estuaries, marine waters with salinity up to 6-10%. Enters rivers in July - August and reaches spawning sites by October - November. In larger rivers, moves upriver up tp 2000 km (average speed 20 km/day). Juveniles feed on plankton in winter (during which they do not cease active foraging) and benthic invertebrates in summer (Ref. 59043). Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Size-12547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Sari Kuosmanen-Postila 1994-10-02 00:00:00 2025-11-18 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 90.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 59043)); max. published weight: 13.8 kg (Ref. 593); max. reported age: 23 years (Ref. 593) Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) Berg, L.S. 1962 Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593) Berg, L.S. 1962 Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-12547-11 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-03-17 00:00:00 2004-03-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=12547&StockCode=12878 Enteric Redmouth Disease. Bacterial diseases Horne, M.T. and A.C. Barnes 1999 Enteric redmouth disease (<i>Yersinia ruckeri</i>). p.455-477. In P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Bruno (eds.) Fish Diseases and Disorders, Vol. 3: Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Infections. CAB Int'l. (Ref. 48849) FB-Habitat-12547 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Sari Kuosmanen-Postila 1994-10-02 00:00:00 2025-11-18 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12547 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size benthopelagic; anadromous (Ref. 138280); freshwater; brackish; marine Corush, J.B. 2019 Evolutionary patterns of diadromy in fishes: more than a transitional state between marine and freshwater. BMC Evol. Biol. 19(168):13 p. (Ref. 138280)