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	<dc:identifier>FB-12310</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12310</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Acanthuriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Chaetodontidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Johnrandallia</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Johnrandallia nigrirostris (Gill, 1862)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Cará</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='de'>Gestreifter Erdfresser</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Earth eater</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Stripefin eartheater</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Sinijuovatonkija</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Castañeta</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>杆状裸光盖丽鱼</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>桿狀裸光蓋麗魚</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Geophagus brachyurus Cope, 1894</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Geophagus rhabdotus Hensel, 1870</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1994-08-12</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2006-03-15</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2060&amp;speccode=12311'>Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl0 Aquarien atlas. Band 2. Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde GmbH, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. (Ref. 2060)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=12311'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-913235-53-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4537&amp;speccode=12311'>Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9086&amp;speccode=12311'>Lopez, H.L., R.C. Menni and A.M. Miguelarena0 Lista de los peces de agua dulce de la Argentina. Biologia Acuatica No. 12, 50 p. (Instituto de Limnologia "Dr. Raul A. Ringuelet"). (Ref. 9086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-86622-422-X.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12251&amp;speccode=12311'>Axelrod, H.R.0 The most complete colored lexicon of cichlids. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 864 p. (Ref. 12251)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26282&amp;speccode=12311'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Special Publication, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 3 vols. 2905 p. (Ref. 26282)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26702&amp;speccode=12311'>Reis, R.E., L.R. Malabarba and C.S. Pavanelli0 &lt;i&gt;Gymnogeophagus setequedas&lt;/i&gt;, (Teleostei: Atherinidae) of Australia and New Guinea with an analysis of three species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 3(3):265-272. (Ref. 26702)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31402&amp;speccode=12311'>Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=12311'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=12311'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34370&amp;speccode=12311'>Klinkhardt, M, M. Tesche and H. Greven0 Database of fish chromosomes. Westarp Wissenschaften. (Ref. 34370)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34972&amp;speccode=12311'>Peixoto, R.M. and B. Erdtmann0 Estudo citogenéticos no gênero &lt;i&gt;Gymnogeophagus&lt;/i&gt; (Pisces, Perciformes, Cichlidae). p. 27. In II. Simp. Citogenet. Evol. e Aplic. de Peixes Neotropicais, Sao Carlos-SP. (Ref. 34972)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34973&amp;speccode=12311'>Pereira, A.N.0 Estudio cromosomico de &lt;i&gt;Gymnogeophagus rabdotus&lt;/i&gt; (Perciformes, Cichlidae). Resumenes Comun. Jornadas Cienc. Nat. 3:8. (Ref. 34973)</reference>
	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36377&amp;speccode=12311'>Kullander, S.O.0 Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=12311'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=12311'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47438&amp;speccode=12311'>Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51086&amp;speccode=12311'>Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-86872-643-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52193&amp;speccode=12311'>Skelton, P.H.0 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Struik Publishers, 395 p. (Ref. 52193)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9974-563-18-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=54736&amp;speccode=12311'>Nión, H., C. Ríos and P. Meneses0 Peces del Uruguay: Lista sistemática y nombres comunes. Montevideo, DINARA, Infopesca. (Ref. 54736)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=12311'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86297&amp;speccode=12311'>Becker, F.G., K.M. Grosser, P.C.C. Milani and A.S. Braun0 Peixes. In F.G. Becker, L.A. Moura and R.A. Ramos (eds.). Biodiversidade. Regiões da lagoa do Casamento e dos Butiozais de Tapes, Planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasília. 262-275 p. (Ref. 86297)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-12311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-08-12 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-11 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>South America:  Uruguay River drainage in Uruguay and Laguna dos Patos basin in Brazil.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36377&amp;speccode=12311'>Kullander, S.O. 2003 Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-12311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-08-12 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-11-26 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0-913235-53-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4537&amp;speccode=12311'>Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tom Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-08-12 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=12311&amp;StockCode=12637</dc:source>
	<dc:description>The female lays about 300 eggs on a cleaned site. After hatching the young are moved to already built ground depressions.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2060&amp;speccode=12311'>Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl 1985 Aquarien atlas. Band 2. Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde GmbH, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. (Ref. 2060)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-12311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-08-12 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12311</dc:source>
	<dc:description>12.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 36377))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36377&amp;speccode=12311'>Kullander, S.O. 2003 Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-12311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 30</dc:description>
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