FB-1140 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1140 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Eupercaria/misc Haemulidae Haemulon Haemulon plumierii (Lacepède, 1801) Hemulon szary Biquara Cambuba Cancan Cocoroca Corcoroca-mulata Macassa Negramina Pirambu Pirambú Xira branca Sømandsfisk Album Bastard margaret Grunt Sailors choice Sailor's choice Sailor's grunt Sand grunt Halluim-ronko Gorette marchand Arrayado Bocayate blanco Boquilla Corocoro plateado Coroncoro Ojo gordo Ronco Ronco blanco Ronco plateado Ronco prieto Casuimatai Korkor pretu 派氏仿石鱸 派氏仿石鲈 Diabasis parra Desmarest, 1823 Haemulon parrai (Desmarest, 1823) 1990-10-17 2025-04-15 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. 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Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) Petit-Marty, N., M. Vázquez-Luis and I.E. Hendriks0 Use of the nucleotide diversity in COI mitochondrial gene as an early diagnostic of conservation status of animal species. Conserv. Lett. 14(1):1-7. (Ref. 138103) FB-pic-1139-2573 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-17 2010-07-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1139 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Hapar_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Hapar_u0.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-1139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1139 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Migration Inhabits shallow coastal reefs, the young on seagrass beds, adults in schools in relatively open areas (Ref. 9710). Rare at oceanic islands (Ref. 9710). Feeds at night on mollusks and small fishes (Ref. 9710). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798). Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Dwight Neal 1998-10-15 00:00:00 2012-12-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1139 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Silvery, the edges of the scales narrowly brown, the centers on upper half of body with a spot which may vary in color from yellow through bronze to dark brown (forming oblique dotted lines following scale rows) (Ref. 13442). Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. (Ref. 26938) FB-Morphology-1139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Dwight Neal 1998-10-15 00:00:00 2012-12-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1139 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16 - 18; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. (Ref. 26938) FB-Distribution-1139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2016-07-28 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1139 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Western Atlantic: Bahamas, Florida (USA), and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Uses-1139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1139 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman 1978 Pomadasyidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3798) IGFA 2009 Database of IGFA angling records until 2009. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Migration-1139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1139 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-1139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1139&StockCode=1155 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-1139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-04-05 00:00:00 2007-10-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public parra http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Inhabits shallow coastal reefs, the young on seagrass beds, adults in schools in relatively open areas (Ref. 9710). Rare at oceanic islands (Ref. 9710). Feeds at night on mollusks and small fishes (Ref. 9710). Also cleaned by Pomacanthus paru observed at the reefs of the Abrolhos Archipelago, off eastern Brazil (Ref. 40094). Carnivore (Ref. 33499, 57616). Randall, J.E. 1967 Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr. Miami 5:665-847. FB-Size-1139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1139 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 41.2 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9626)) Cervigón, F. 1993 Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1139 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-08-12 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1139 reef-associated; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 3 - 30 m (Ref. 9626) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Cervigón, F. 1993 Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)