FB-1084 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1084 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Beloniformes Scomberesocidae Scomberesox Scomberesox saurus (Walbaum, 1792) Cangulho velho Cangulo Cangulo-bastardo Cangulo-da-pedra Cangulo-de-pedra Cangulo-Fernando Cangulo-pavão Peixe-porco Porco-pintado Orangefleck-Feilenfisch Cuckold Orangespotted Orangespotted Fiiefish Orangespotted file Orangespotted filefish Orange-spotted filefish Stoplight filefish Tail-light filefish Tobaccofish Bourse pintade Cachúa chola Chivo Lija Lija colorada Lija falsa Lija pintada Pereza 灯斑前孔鲀 燈斑前孔魨 Amanses amphioxys (Cope, 1871) Amanses pullus (Ranzani, 1842) Cantherines pullus (Ranzani, 1842) Monacanthus amphioxus Cope, 1871 Monacanthus amphioxys Cope, 1871 Monacanthus homopterus Cope, 1871 Monacanthus irroratus Poey, 1860 Monacanthus pardalis (non Rüppell, 1837) Monacanthus pullus Ranzani, 1842 Monacanthus punctatus Poey, 1868 Monacanthus ruppelii Castelnau, 1855 1990-10-17 2014-11-10 Randall, J.E.0 Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. 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(ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated internet version of 02 July 2013. Catalog databases of CAS cited in FishBase (website). (Ref. 93826) Wirtz, P., A. Brito, J.M. Falcón, R. Freitas, R. Fricke, V. Monteiro, F. Reiner and O. Tariche0 The coastal fishes of the Cape Verde Islands - new records and an annotated check-list. Spixiana 36(1):113-142. (Ref. 94080) Iglésias, T.L., A. Dornburg, M.C. Brandley, M.E. Alfaro and D.L. Warren0 Life in the unthinking depths: energetic constraints on encephalization in marine fishes. J. Evol. Biol. 28(5):1080-1090. (Ref. 104901) Tsuboi, M., W. van der Bijl, B.T. Kopperud, J. Erritzoe, K.L. Voje, A. Kotrschal, K.E. Yopak, S.P. Collin, A.N. Iwaniuk and N. Kolm0 Breakdown of brain-body allometry and the encephalization of birds and mammals. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2:1495-1500. (Ref. 118717) Harborne, A.0 Fish and coral species lists compiled by Coral Cay Conservation: Belize 1990-1998. Coral Cay Conservation, 26p. (Ref. 128811) Chapman, M.R. and D.L. Kramer0 Movements of fishes within and among fringing coral reefs in Barbados. Environ. Biol. Fish. 57:11-24. (Ref. 129542) Meerwasser-Lexikon Team0 <i>Cantherhines pullus</i>. Meerwasser-Lexikon.de (accessed 18/01/2024). (Ref. 130579) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-1082-2596 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-17 1996-10-30 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1082 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Capul_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Capul_u1.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-1082 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1082 Found in shallow water and around coral and rocky reefs (Ref. 3790). Usually remains near the bottom, hiding among gorgonians and branching coral (Ref. 9710). Feeds on bottom growth, primarily sponge and algae, but stomach often contain tunicates, bryozoans and other sessile benthic invertebrates (Ref. 5521). The young are pelagic and highly important food items in the diet of large predaceous fishes such as tunas and billfishes (Ref. 3790). Generally considered as trash fish, rarely consumed (Ref. 3790). Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1082 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2001-04-16 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1082 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size First dorsal spine originating over center or front part of eye and followed by a deep groove into which the spine can fold; body with small scattered orange spots, many of which have brown centers, and whitish spots of same size; dull yellow lines on head which run towards snout, those near eye alternating with bluish lines (Ref. 13442). Randall, J.E. 1996 Caribbean reef fishes. Third Edition - revised and enlarged. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Hong Kong. 3nd ed. 368 p. (Ref. 13442) FB-Morphology-1082 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2001-04-16 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1082 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 2; Dorsal soft rays (total): 33 - 36; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 29 - 32 Randall, J.E. 1996 Caribbean reef fishes. Third Edition - revised and enlarged. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Hong Kong. 3nd ed. 368 p. (Ref. 13442) FB-Distribution-1082 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2023-12-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1082 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (USA), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to southeastern Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: São Tomé, Gulf of Guinea (Ref. 3592). Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Uses-1082 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1082 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: subsistence fisheries; aquarium: commercial Tyler, J.C. 1978 Monacanthidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Vol. 3. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3790) Meerwasser-Lexikon Team 2020 <i>Cantherhines pullus</i>. Meerwasser-Lexikon.de (accessed 18/01/2024). (Ref. 130579) FB-TrophicStrategy-1082 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-04-03 00:00:00 2007-11-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ pullus Found in shallow water and around coral and rocky reefs (Ref. 3790). Usually remains near the bottom, hiding among gorgonians and branching coral (Ref. 9710). Feeds on bottom growth, primarily sponge and algae, but stomach often contain tunicates, bryozoans and other sessile benthic invertebrates (Ref. 5521). The young are pelagic and highly important food items in the diet of large predaceous fishes such as tunas and billfishes (Ref. 3790). Feeds on plants and benthic organisms (Ref. 33). Omnivore (Ref. 57616). Randall, J.E. 1967 Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr. Miami 5:665-847. (Ref. 33) FB-Size-1082 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1082 20.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251)) Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1082 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1082 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat reef-associated; marine; depth range 3 - 50 m (Ref. 3592), usually 3 - 20 m (Ref. 40849) Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. and J.-C. Quéro 1990 Monacanthidae. p. 1061-1066. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3592) Gasparini, J.L. and S.R. Floeter 2001 The shore fishes of Trindade Island, western South Atlantic. J. Nat. Hist. 35:1639-1656. (Ref. 40849)