分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Acanthocybium: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, kybion. -ou = a tunna (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 20 m (Ref. 89972), usually 0 - 12 m (Ref. 5227). 熱帶; 59°N - 48°S, 180°W - 180°E
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans: in tropical and subtropical waters, including the Caribbean and Mediterranean seas.
大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域中, 包括加勒比海與地中海。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 99.3, range 85 - 105 cm
Max length : 250 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 30573); common length : 170 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9340); 最大体重: 83.0 kg (Ref. 168)
背棘 (总数) : 23 - 27; 背的软条 (总数) : 12 - 16; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 14; 脊椎骨: 62 - 64. Mouth large with strong, triangular, compressed and finely serrate teeth. Snout about as long as the rest of head. Posterior part of maxilla completely concealed under preorbital bone. Gill rakers absent. Interpelvic process small and bifid. Swim bladder present. Body covered with small scales. No anterior corselet developed. The back is iridescent bluish green; the sides silvery with 24 to 30 cobalt blue vertical bars which extend to below the lateral line.
嘴巴大的，有强的，三角形的，和扁长形而细锯齿状齿。 吻大约与其它的头部一样长。 颚骨的较后面的部分完全地在眶前骨下面隐藏。 鳃耙不存在。 腹鳍间的突起小而两裂的。 有泳鳔。 身体覆盖着小鳞片。 没有前面的甲胄发展。 背部是彩虹色的蓝绿色的; 侧边银色的有在侧线之下延伸到的 24 到 30个深蓝色蓝色的纵带。
An oceanic, epipelagic species frequently solitary or forming small loose aggregations rather than compact schools. Feed on fishes and squids. Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). An important sport fish in some areas (Ref. 9340). Marketed fresh, salted or spice-cured slices of meat; also frozen (Ref. 9987). Flesh of very good quality (Ref. 9684). Minimum depth from Ref. 005227.
一个大洋性的, 表层鱼种时常独居性或形成小的松散鱼群而不是紧密的鱼群。 吃鱼与乌贼。 在一些地区的一个重要的垂钓用鱼.(参考文献 9340) 在市场上销售新鲜的，盐腌的或肉切成薄片; 也冷冻的.(参考文献 9987) 非常好品质的肉.(参考文献 9684)
Spawning seems to extend over a long period; fish in different maturity stages are frequently caught at the same time.大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域中, 包括加勒比海與地中海。
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.2 - 27.6, mean 24.7 °C (based on 46871 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00282 (0.00202 - 0.00393), b=3.17 (3.07 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.34; tm=1-2 y; tmax >4; Fec=6 million).
Prior r = 0.84, 95% CL = 0.55 - 1.26, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (76 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 34.8 [17.2, 70.3] mg/100g; Iron = 1.34 [0.70, 2.53] mg/100g; Protein = 21.8 [20.5, 23.1] %; Omega3 = 0.183 [0.092, 0.379] g/100g; Selenium = 28 [13, 64] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.92 [2.08, 25.10] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.423 [0.273, 0.649] mg/100g (wet weight);
