Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (Haie und Rochen) (sharks and rays) > Torpediniformes (Electric rays) > Narkidae (Sleeper rays)
Etymology: More on author: Gray.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser demersal. Tropical; 13°N - 2°N, 92°E - 111°E (Ref. 114953)

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Eastern Indian Ocean and North-West Pacific; Thailand to Vietnam, including Malaysia.

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m 11.5, range 11 - 12 cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 9913)

Found in continental waters, both inshore and offshore (Ref. 9913); primarily inshore on soft substrates (Ref. 114953). Probably feeds on small benthic invertebrates. Females reported to produce 4 pups a litter (Ref. 114953). Biology little known (Ref. 9913). Maturity size of males reaches at 8-10 cm TL (Ref. 114953).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator : Carvalho, Marcelo | Partner

Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last, 1999. Narkidae. Sleeper rays. p. 1443-1446. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9913)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

gefährdet, siehe IUCN Red List (VU) (A2d); Date assessed: 31 October 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Other

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Aquarium: Öffentliche Aquarien

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 23.2 - 28.4, mean 27.3 °C (based on 365 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (Assuming fecundity<100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Temera hardwickii Gray, 1831