Lớp phụ Cá sụn (cá mập và cá đuối) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Dipturus: Greek, di = two + Greek, pteryx = fin (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển Tầng đáy biển sâu; Mức độ sâu 93 - 450 m (Ref. 27092). Deep-water; 22°S - 57°S, 99°W - 42°W
Southeast Pacific: Chile to Southwest Atlantic: Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm 215.0, range 200 - ? cm
Max length : 264 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 114953); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 0.00 g
Occurs on sandy and muddy bottoms of outer continental shelf and upper slope, also found at shallower depth 20m. Feeds mainly on bony fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 114953). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205); egg cases ca. 20-30 cm long (Ref. 114953). Reaches maturity at ca. 13 years (Ref. 114953).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.7 - 12.2, mean 6 °C (based on 124 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00234 (0.00159 - 0.00346), b=3.18 (3.06 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): thấp, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 4.5 - 14 năm (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 4.39 [0.76, 23.72] mg/100g; Iron = 0.315 [0.076, 0.995] mg/100g; Protein = 16.6 [13.8, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.4 [0.1, 1.5] g/100g; Selenium = 16.3 [4.2, 57.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.16 [1.35, 29.16] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.258 [0.123, 0.485] mg/100g (wet weight);