分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks)
鱸形目 (Jacks) >
Echeneidae (Remoras)
鮣科 (Remoras)
Etymology: Echeneis: Greek, echein = to hold + Greek, nays = ship; remora, suckling fish; 1774 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 85 m (Ref. 86942). 亞熱帶的; 45°N - 45°S, 180°W - 180°E
Circumtropical.
Circumtropical。 西大西洋: 加拿大的新斯科舍省與百慕達群島到烏拉圭.(參考文獻 7251,26938)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 66.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 10970); 最大體重: 2.3 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 32 - 42; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 29 - 41.
具有一個與狹窄的白色斑紋上面與下面接壤的黑色側面中央的斑紋。 (參考文獻 26938) 體高包覆在 8-14 標準體長比率中了; 尾鰭在成魚幾乎截形有上、下葉長度超過中央的鰭條; 第一背鰭取代了一橫向的﹐由薄片組成的﹐和橢圓形的頭部體盤有 16-18個葉片.(參考文獻 10970)
Most abundant remora in warm waters (Ref. 4389). Occurs near as well as far from the coast (Ref. 5217). Often found free-swimming in shallow inshore areas and around coral reefs (Ref. 26938). Attaches temporarily to a variety of hosts including sharks, rays, large bony fishes or sea turtles, whales, dolphins and also to ships. May follow divers (Ref. 9710); reported to attach itself to a diver's leg (Ref. 57809). Feeds on small fishes, bits of its host's prey and host's parasites (Ref. 26938). Juveniles occasionally act as reef station-based cleaners, where they service parrotfishes (Ref. 40095). Sometimes used by natives to aid in fishing; a line is tied to the caudal peduncle of the remora and then is released; upon attaching to another fish, the remora and its host are hauled in by the fisher (Ref. 9682).
在溫暖的水域中的最豐富的印魚.(參考文獻 4389) 生活於靠近以及遠離海岸.(參考文獻 5217) 時常發現游離於水中在沿岸淺水區區域中與珊瑚礁的周圍.(參考文獻 26938) 短暫地吸附到包括鯊魚，魟，大的硬骨魚類或海龜，鯨，海豚的多種寄主以及到船。 可能跟隨潛水者;(參考文獻 9710) 報告把它本身附在一個潛水者的腿。 (參考文獻 57809) 吃小魚，寄主吃剩的獵物塊與寄主寄生蟲。 (參考文獻 26938) 稚魚偶然地擔任礁區的清潔工, 在那裡它們服務鸚哥魚。 (參考文獻 40095) 有時被當地人使用幫助釣魚; 一條線被繫到印魚的尾梗然後被釋放; 一旦吸附到其他魚, 印魚，而且它的寄主在藉由漁夫被拖網。 (參考文獻 9682)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Circumtropical。 西大西洋: 加拿大的新斯科舍省與百慕達群島到烏拉圭.(參考文獻 7251,26938)
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.3 - 28.6, mean 27.2 °C (based on 566 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7539 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00263 (0.00112 - 0.00620), b=3.17 (2.96 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming Fec < 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 22.5 [10.7, 37.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.59 [0.32, 0.99] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [18.7, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.128 [0.068, 0.250] g/100g; Selenium = 28.3 [13.0, 54.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.8 [8.3, 87.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.702 [0.456, 1.085] mg/100g (wet weight);
