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Teleostei (teleosts) > Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) > Tetraodontidae (Puffers) > Tetraodontinae
Etymology: More on author: Smith.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal. Subtropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Southeast Atlantic: Knysna to East London (South Africa).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4919)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 12; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 10 - 12. Color dark, belly pale; dark lines from above anal fin to chin; anus, pectoral base and gill opening in rounded black areas, and a black bar each side of angle of mouth along lower lip; fins dusky (Ref. 4919).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Oviparous (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Matsuura, Keiichi | Collaborators

Smith, M.M. and P.C. Heemstra, 1986. Tetraodontidae. p. 894-903. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4919)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Vulnerable (VU) (B2ab(iii)); Date assessed: 07 June 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Poisonous to eat

Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
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Ecology
Ecology

Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
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Life cycle
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Anatomy
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Brains
Otoliths

Physiology
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Swimming type
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Visual pigment(s)
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Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
Genetics
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Stamps, coins, misc.

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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 16.3 - 22, mean 19 °C (based on 22 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03715 (0.01569 - 0.08798), b=2.87 (2.70 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).

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