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Sphyraena sphyraena (Linnaeus, 1758)

European barracuda
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Sphyraena sphyraena   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Sphyraena sphyraena (European barracuda)
Sphyraena sphyraena
Picture by De Sanctis, A.

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> Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria) > Sphyraenidae (Barracudas)
Etymology: Sphyraena: Greek, sphyraina, -es = the name of a fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; diepte 0 - 100 m (Ref. 27000), usually ? - 50 m (Ref. 6949). Subtropical; 48°N - 18°S, 31°W - 37°E

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Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to Mossamedes, Angola, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea, Canary Islands, and Azores. Western Atlantic: Bermuda and Brazil.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm 27.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 165 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3397); common length : 60.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 11101); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 3.6 kg (Ref. 40637)

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Found in coastal and offshore waters (Ref. 2683). Feeds mostly on fish, less often on cephalopods and crustaceans (Ref. 11101).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

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De Sylva, D.P., 1990. Sphyraenidae. p. 860-864. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6949)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 July 2014

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; sportvis: ja
FAO - visserij: aanvoer; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Meer informatie

Trophic ecology
Voedselitems
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predatoren
Ecology
Ecologie
Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
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Voortplanting
Maturities
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Internetbronnen

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Bekijk FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genus, Soort(en) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - visserij: aanvoer; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genoom, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Nationale databanken | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: ga naar, zoek | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 14.3 - 21.9, mean 18.3 °C (based on 126 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00616 - 0.00934), b=2.91 (2.87 - 2.95), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  4.0   ±0.51 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K= 0.123; Tmax >8 yrs).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 24.6 [10.3, 69.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.664 [0.275, 1.476] mg/100g; Protein = 20.6 [18.5, 22.4] %; Omega3 = 0.212 [0.091, 0.512] g/100g; Selenium = 28.7 [11.1, 78.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.9 [0.6, 26.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.282 [0.169, 0.509] mg/100g (wet weight);