Classification / Names आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes(वर्ग, प्रजाति) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Zeiformes (Dories) > Zeidae (Dories)
Etymology: More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री; खारा बेनथोपिलाजिक; औशिनोड़िरोमस (Ref. 35388); गहराई सीमा 5 - 400 m (Ref. 9563), usually 50 - 150 m (Ref. 4968). Temperate; 75°N - 49°S, 17°W - 177°E (Ref. 54935)

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Worldwide in distribution. Eastern Atlantic: Norway to South Africa, also the Mediterranean and Black Sea. Western Pacific: Japan, Korea, Australia and New Zealand. Also known from the Indian Ocean.

Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m 35.1, range 29 - 35 cm
Max length : 90.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 6953); common length : 40.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 6953); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 8.0 kg (Ref. 35388); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 12 वर्षो (Ref. 5377)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 9 - 11; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 22 - 24; गुदा कांटा: 4; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 20 - 23. Gill rakers rudimentary. Minute scales present. Highly compressed body (Ref. 4253). Large dark spot, surrounded by a light ring on each side of the body (Ref. 35388).

Found in areas close to the sea bed (Ref. 6390). Generally solitary. Feeds mainly on schooling bony fishes, occasionally on cephalopods and crustaceans (Ref. 27121). Reproduction takes place at the end of winter and at the start of spring in the northeastern Atlantic, earlier in the Mediterranean. Eggs are pelagic, maturity reached at 4 years (Ref. 36731). Sold fresh (Ref. 9563) and frozen (Ref. 9988). Can be steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). The flesh is excellent but is utilized little in West Africa (Ref. 5377).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

No studies of their reproductive development or early life history have been undertaken in Australia (Ref. 6390). Pelagic eggs (Ref. 35388).

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक : Heemstra, Phillip C. | सहयोगीयो

Karrer, C. and A. Post, 1990. Zeidae. p. 631-633. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6953)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 20 May 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक; आखेट मत्स्य: हां; जलजीवालय: सार्वजनिक लजीवालय

FAO - मात्स्यिकी: landings, species profile; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 6.7 - 23.7, mean 13.6 °C (based on 1223 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7656 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.01364 - 0.02020), b=2.91 (2.85 - 2.97), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.

लौटाव (Ref. 120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (K=0.15; tm=3-4; tmax=12).

Prior r = 0.74, 95% CL = 0.49 - 1.10, Based on 1 full stock assessment.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 14.1 [8.1, 27.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.246 [0.139, 0.432] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [16.0, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.65 [0.34, 1.23] g/100g; Selenium = 21 [10, 42] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.8 [4.4, 66.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.368 [0.254, 0.546] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758