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Teleostei (teleosts) > Batrachoidiformes (Toadfishes) > Batrachoididae (Toadfishes) > Halophryninae
Etymology: Halobatrachus: Greek, als, alis = salt + Greek, batrachos = frog (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 10 - 50 m (Ref. 2683). Subtropical; 45°N - 4°N, 18°W - 17°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: southern Bay of Biscay to Ghana, including the western Mediterranean. Reported from the Gambia River (Ref. 28587).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 26999); common length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal soft rays (total): 19 - 21. Caudal fin rounded (Ref.5377).

Sedentary species which occurs on soft sand or mud, often partly buried or concealed in rock crevices, solitary in shallow water. Feeds on crustaceans, mollusks and small fishes (Ref. 7405). The female lays eggs which are large enough and which are turned over to the males who guard them (Ref. 5377). A species that is not venomous (Dr. Andread Kunznmann, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), pers. communication 10/2021).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Collette, Bruce B. | Collaborators

Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 July 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial

FAO - Fisheries: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
Ecology

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Distribution
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Anatomy
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Physiology
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Genetics
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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 15.5 - 27.5, mean 19.8 °C (based on 74 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00470 - 0.02937), b=3.04 (2.83 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.64 se; based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 65.9 [35.0, 131.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.966 [0.578, 1.659] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.6, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.399 [0.239, 0.671] g/100g; Selenium = 23.4 [12.6, 50.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.9 [5.2, 48.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.709 [0.531, 0.999] mg/100g (wet weight);

Halobatrachus didactylus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)