分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs)
鱸形目 (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches)
鱸科 (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335); flabellare: flabellare meaning fan tail (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 溫帶; 4°C - 18°C (Ref. 2059); 46°N - 34°N
North America: Atlantic, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins from southern Quebec in Canada to Minnesota, and south to South Carolina (in Santee River system) in northern Alabama, and northeastern Oklahoma in the USA.
北美洲: 大西洋，五大湖與密西西比河流域從加拿大魁北克南部到明尼蘇達州, 而且在美國的阿拉巴馬州北部 , 與俄克拉荷馬州東北部中南至南卡羅萊那州 (在 Santee 河系統)。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.4 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 5.2 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年齡: 4 年 (Ref. 12193)
Inhabit rocky riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers (Ref. 5723, 10294); also found in small to medium upland streams (Ref. 10294). Adults feed on midge, blackfly, and caddisfly larvae, mayfly nymphs, isopods, and amphipods (Ref. 10294). Eggs are found clustered on underside of stone and guarded by males (Ref. 7043).
棲息於小溪及小型到中型河川的岩石的急流;(參考文獻 5723,10294) 也發現於小型到中型的高地溪流。 (參考文獻 10294) 吃蚊，黑蠅與石蠶幼生，孚游類蛹，等足目動物與片腳類動物。 (參考文獻 10294)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Eggs are found clustered on underside of stone (Ref. 7043). Males guard the eggs (Ref. 7043).北美洲: 大西洋，五大湖與密西西比河流域從加拿大魁北克南部到明尼蘇達州, 而且在美國的阿拉巴馬州北部 , 與俄克拉荷馬州東北部中南至南卡羅萊那州 (在 Santee 河系統)。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 December 2011
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00235 - 0.01227), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.81; tmax=4; Fec=10-121).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
