Family Anostomidae - Headstanders
Order : Characiformes Anostomidae
Class : Teleostei
No. in FishBase : Genera : 15 | Species : 162 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes
Environment : Fresh : Yes | Brackish : No | Marine : No
Division : Primary freshwater
Aquarium : some
First Fossil Record :      
Remark : Distribution: South America. Morphology: Mandible relatively short; upper and lower pharyngeal dentition enlarged; two or more cups on all pharyngeal teeth; single tooth row on each jaw. Many species swim in an oblique head-down position. Maximum size 40 cm SL. Most species are herbivores or detrivores. CLOFFSCA: Family of large characiform fishes with maximum size to 80 cm SL. Mouth terminal or subinferior. Circumorbital bone series complete and with a supraorbital bone. Mandible relatively short; with a single tooth row on each of 3 or 4 teeth on each premaxillary and mandibular ramus, disposed as steps of a stair. Upper and lower pharyngeal dentition enlarged, with two or more cups on all pharyngeal teeth. Maxillary bone small and excluded from the mouth opening. Mouth small and very distant from the anterior orbital rim. Branchial opening small, membranes firmly joined to isthmus. Midlateral line complete and with 33 to 44 perforated scales. Adipose-fin always present; dorsal-fin I, 11 rays; anal-fin I,9 rays; pelvic-fin, I,8-9 rays;. Many species swim in an oblique head-down position. Most species are herbivores or detritivores. Species occurring in almost all South America, except east Andes.
Etymology : Greek, ana = up + Greek, stoma = mouth
Reproductive guild : guarders
Typical activity level :
Main Ref. : Ramirez, J.L., J.L.O. Birindelli and P.M. Galetti Jr. 2017
Coordinator : Ramirez, J.L., J.L.O. Birindelli and P.M. Galetti Jr. 2017
Deep Fin Classification : Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Otomorpha | Ostariophysi | | Otophysa | | | | | | Characiphysae | Characiformes | Characoidei | | Anostomidae

Show species images | Show valid names | Nominal species list | CAS specimen photos | References

Ref.
[ e.g. 9948 ]
Glossary
[ e.g. oophagy ]


Species/Synonymy list for the family Anostomidae as currently in FishBase

Important recommendation:

The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.

Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.

But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.

Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.

This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).

The list ordered as follows:

Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.

Show all | Show only accepted name | Show only accepted and original names
Scientifc name Status Senior/Junior synonym Combination
Anostomus anostomus (Linnaeus, 1758)
acceptedseniornew
Salmo anostomus Linnaeus, 1758
synonymseniororiginal
Mormyrynchus gronoveii Swainson, 1839
synonymjuniororiginal
Anostomus salmoneus Gronow, 1854
synonymjuniororiginal
Anostomus ucayalensis (Fowler, 1906)
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal
Anostomus ternetzi Fernández-Yépez, 1949
acceptedseniororiginal
Anostomus brevior Géry, 1961
acceptedseniororiginal
Anostomus longus Géry, 1961
acceptedseniorchange in rank
synonymseniororiginal
Anostomoides atrianalis Pellegrin, 1909
acceptedseniororiginal
Anostomoides laticeps (Eigenmann, 1912)
acceptedseniornew
Schizodontopsis laticeps Eigenmann, 1912
synonymseniororiginal
Laemolyta laticeps (Eigenmann, 1912)
synonymseniornew
Anostomoides passionis Santos & Zuanon, 2006
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus fasciatus (Bloch, 1794)
acceptedseniornew
Salmo fasciatus Bloch, 1794
synonymseniororiginal
! Leporinus faciatus (Bloch, 1794)
synonymseniornew
Leporinus novemfasciatus Spix & Agassiz, 1829
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporinus friderici (Bloch, 1794)
acceptedseniornew
Salmo friderici Bloch, 1794
synonymseniororiginal
synonymseniornew
! Leporinus frederici (Bloch, 1794)
synonymseniornew
Leporinus spilopleura (non Norman, 1926)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Leporinus acutidens (Valenciennes, 1837)
acceptedseniornew
Curimatus acutidens Valenciennes, 1837
synonymseniororiginal
Leporinus friderici acutidens (Valenciennes, 1837)
synonymseniornew
Leporinus nigrotaeniatus (Jardine, 1841)
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporinus maculatus Müller & Troschel, 1844
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus marcgravii (non Lütken, 1875)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Leporinus leschenaulti Valenciennes, 1850
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus parae (non Eigenmann, 1907)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Leporinus pachyurus Valenciennes, 1850
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus bimaculatus Castelnau, 1855
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Salmo tiririca Natterer, 1859
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporinus affinis Günther, 1864
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus melanopleura Günther, 1864
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus bahiensis Steindachner, 1875
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus marcgravii Lütken, 1875
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus taeniatus Lütken, 1875
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus agassizii Steindachner, 1876
acceptedseniororiginal
! Leporinus agassizi Steindachner, 1876
synonymseniororiginal
Leporinus semivittatus Boulenger, 1895
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporinus nattereri Steindachner, 1876
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus parae Eigenmann, 1907
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus pellegrinii Steindachner, 1910
acceptedseniororiginal
! Leporinus pellegrini Steindachner, 1910
synonymseniororiginal
Leporinus alternus Eigenmann, 1912
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus arcus Eigenmann, 1912
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus granti Eigenmann, 1912
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus badueli (non Puyo, 1948)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Leporinus desmotes Fowler, 1914
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus octofasciatus Steindachner, 1915
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus ecuadorensis Eigenmann & Henn, 1916
acceptedseniororiginal
! Leporinus ecuadoriensis Eigenmann & Henn, 1916
synonymseniororiginal
Leporinus y-ophorus Eigenmann, 1922
acceptedseniororiginal
! Leporinus yophorus Eigenmann, 1922
synonymseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus altipinnis Borodin, 1929
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus falcipinnis Mahnert, Géry & Muller, 1997
synonymjuniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus jamesi Garman, 1929
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus tigrinus Borodin, 1929
acceptedseniorchange in rank
synonymseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus pearsoni Fowler, 1940
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus wolfei Fowler, 1940
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus piau Fowler, 1941
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus moralesi Fowler, 1942
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus muelleri Steindachner, 1876
ambiguoushomonymoriginal
Leporinus niceforoi Fowler, 1943
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus subniger Fowler, 1943
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus lacustris Amaral Campos, 1945
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus brunneus Myers, 1950
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus jatuncochi Ovchynnyk, 1971
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus amae Godoy, 1980
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus sexstriatus Britski & Garavello, 1980
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus aripuanaensis Garavello & dos Santos, 1981
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus aripuanaensis Garavello & dos Santos, 1992
synonymotheroriginal
! Leporinus aripuanensis Garavello & dos Santos, 1992
synonymotheroriginal
Leporinus gomesi Garavello & Santos, 1981
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus gomesi Garavello & Santos, 1990
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporinus lebaili Géry & Planquette, 1983
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus amblyrhynchus Garavello & Britski, 1987
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus paranensis Garavello & Britski, 1987
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus boehlkei Garavello, 1988
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus microphthalmus Garavello, 1989
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus nijsseni Garavello, 1990
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus gossei Géry, Planquette & Le Bail, 1991
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus trimaculatus Garavello & Santos, 1992
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus octomaculatus Britski & Garavello, 1993
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus reticulatus Britski & Garavello, 1993
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus pitingai Santos & Jégu, 1996
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus uatumaensis Santos & Jégu, 1996
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus bistriatus Britski, 1997
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus bleheri Géry, 1999
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus ortomaculatus Garavello, 2000
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus punctatus Garavello, 2000
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus vanzoi Britski & Garavello, 2005
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus amazonicus Santos & Zuanon, 2008
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus venerei Britski & Birindelli, 2008
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus geminis Garavello & Santos, 2009
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus guttatus Birindelli & Britski, 2009
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus unitaeniatus Garavello & Santos, 2009
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus apollo Sidlauskas, Mol & Vari, 2011
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus britskii Feitosa, Santos & Birindelli, 2011
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus melanopleurodes Birindelli, Britski & Garavello, 2013
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus microphysus Birindelli & Britski, 2013
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus parvulus Birindelli, Britski & Lima, 2013
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus santosi Britski & Birindelli, 2013
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus tristriatus Birindelli & Britski, 2013
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus arimaspi Burns, Frable & Sidlauskas, 2014
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus multimaculatus Birindelli, Teixeira & Britski, 2016
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus torrenticola Birindelli, Teixeira & Britski, 2016
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus enyae Burns, Chatfield, Birindelli & Sidlauskas, 2017
acceptedseniororiginal
Leporinus desmotes (non Fowler, 1914)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Leporinus villasboasorum Burns, Chatfield, Birindelli & Sidlauskas, 2017
acceptedseniororiginal
Schizodon fasciatus Spix & Agassiz, 1829
acceptedseniororiginal
! Schizodon fasciatum Spix & Agassiz, 1829
synonymseniororiginal
Piabuca schizodon Valenciennes, 1850
synonymjuniororiginal
Schizodon vittatus (Valenciennes, 1850)
acceptedseniornew
Piabuca vittata Valenciennes, 1850
synonymseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
synonymseniornew
synonymseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Schizodon succinctus Burmeister, 1861
acceptedseniororiginal
Schizodon knerii (Steindachner, 1875)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus knerii Steindachner, 1875
synonymseniororiginal
Schizodon dissimilis (Garman, 1890)
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal
Schizodon platae (Garman, 1890)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus platae Garman, 1890
synonymseniororiginal
Schizodon borellii (Boulenger, 1900)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus borellii Boulenger, 1900
synonymseniororiginal
! Schizodon borelli (Boulenger, 1900)
synonymseniornew
! Nanognathus borellii (non Boulenger, 1895)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Schizodon rostratus (Borodin, 1931)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus rostratus Borodin, 1931
synonymseniororiginal
Schizodon corti Schultz, 1944
acceptedseniorchange in rank
synonymseniororiginal
Piabuca schizodon (non Valenciennes, 1850)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Schizodon jacuiensis Bergmann, 1988
acceptedseniororiginal
Schizodon altoparanae Garavello & Britski, 1990
acceptedseniororiginal
Schizodon intermedius Garavello & Britski, 1990
acceptedseniororiginal
Schizodon australis Garavello, 1994
acceptedseniororiginal
Schizodon scotorhabdotus Sidlauskas, Garavello & Jellen, 2007
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
synonymjuniororiginal
synonymjuniororiginal
Rhytiodus elongatus (Steindachner, 1908)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus elongatus Steindachner, 1908
synonymseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Laemolyta taeniata (Kner, 1858)
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal
Anostomus taeniatus (Kner, 1858)
synonymseniornew
! Anostomus taeniata (Kner, 1858)
synonymseniornew
Laemolyta orinocensis (Steindachner, 1879)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus orinocensis Steindachner, 1879
synonymseniororiginal
Laemolyta nitens (Garman, 1890)
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal
Laemolyta proxima (Garman, 1890)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus proximus Garman, 1890
synonymseniororiginal
! Laemolyta proximus (Garman, 1890)
synonymseniornew
Laemolyta varia (Garman, 1890)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus varius Garman, 1890
synonymseniororiginal
! Laemolyta varius (Garman, 1890)
synonymseniornew
Laemolyta fasciata Pearson, 1924
acceptedseniororiginal
synonymjuniororiginal
Laemolyta garmani (Borodin, 1931)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus garmani Borodin, 1931
synonymseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Anostomus fernandezi (Myers, 1950)
synonymseniornew
Laemolyta petiti Géry, 1964
synonymjuniororiginal
Anostomoides petiti (Géry, 1964)
synonymjuniornew
Laemolyta macra Géry, 1974
acceptedseniorchange in rank
synonymseniororiginal
Leporellus pictus (Kner, 1858)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus pictus Kner, 1858
synonymseniororiginal
Leporellus cartledgei (non Fowler, 1941)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Leporellus vittatus (Valenciennes, 1850)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus vittatus Valenciennes, 1850
synonymseniororiginal
Salmo cagoara Natterer, 1859
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporinus maculifrons Lütken, 1875
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporellus timbore Eigenmann, 1922
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporinodus sexdentatus Eigenmann, 1922
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporellus retropinnis (Eigenmann, 1922)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinodus retropinnis Eigenmann, 1922
synonymseniororiginal
acceptedseniororiginal
Abramites hypselonotus (Günther, 1868)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus hypselonotus Günther, 1868
synonymseniororiginal
synonymseniornew
! Leporinus salarii Holmberg, 1887
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporinus solarii Holmberg, 1891
synonymjuniororiginal
Abramites solarii (Holmberg, 1891)
synonymjuniornew
synonymjuniororiginal
Abramites ternetzi Norman, 1926
synonymjuniororiginal
synonymjuniornew
Leporinus nigripinnis Meinken, 1935
synonymjuniororiginal
Abramites eques (non Steindachner, 1878)
misappliedmisappliednew
Abramites eques (Steindachner, 1878)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus eques Steindachner, 1878
synonymseniororiginal
Gnathodolus bidens Myers, 1927
acceptedseniororiginal
Hypomasticus mormyrops (Steindachner, 1875)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus mormyrops Steindachner, 1875
synonymseniororiginal
! Leporinus morymyrops Steindachner, 1875
synonymseniororiginal
Hypomasticus megalepis (Günther, 1863)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus megalepis Günther, 1863
synonymseniororiginal
Hypomasticus copelandii (Steindachner, 1875)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus copelandii Steindachner, 1875
synonymseniororiginal
! Leporinus copelandi Steindachner, 1875
synonymseniororiginal
Hypomasticus steindachneri (Eigenmann, 1907)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus steindachneri Eigenmann, 1907
synonymseniororiginal
Leporinus affinis Steindachner, 1875
ambiguoushomonymoriginal
Hypomasticus thayeri (Borodin, 1929)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus thayeri Borodin, 1929
synonymseniororiginal
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal
Hypomasticus julii (Santos, Jégu & Lima, 1996)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus julii Santos, Jégu & Lima, 1996
synonymseniororiginal
Hypomasticus lineomaculatus Birindelli, Peixoto, Wosiacki & Britski, 2013
acceptedseniororiginal
Synaptolaemus cingulatus Myers & Fernández-Yépez, 1950
acceptedseniororiginal
Synaptolaemus latofasciatus (Steindachner, 1910)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus latofasciatus Steindachner, 1910
synonymseniororiginal
Sartor respectus Myers & Carvalho, 1959
acceptedseniororiginal
Sartor elongatus Santos & Jégu, 1987
acceptedseniororiginal
Sartor tucuruiensis Santos & Jégu, 1987
acceptedseniororiginal
! Sartor tucuruiense Santos & Jégu, 1987
synonymseniororiginal
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal
synonymseniornew
Pseudanos gracilis (Kner, 1858)
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal
Anostomus gracilis (Kner, 1858)
synonymseniornew
Pseudanos irinae Winterbottom, 1980
acceptedseniororiginal
Pseudanos winterbottomi Sidlauskas & Santos, 2005
acceptedseniororiginal
Pseudanos varii Birindelli, Lima & Britski, 2012
acceptedseniororiginal
Petulanos plicatus (Eigenmann, 1912)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus plicatus Eigenmann, 1912
synonymseniororiginal
Petulanos spiloclistron (Winterbottom, 1974)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus spiloclistron Winterbottom, 1974
synonymseniororiginal
Petulanos intermedius (Winterbottom, 1980)
acceptedseniornew
Anostomus intermedius Winterbottom, 1980
synonymseniororiginal
Megaleporinus obtusidens (Valenciennes, 1837)
acceptedseniornew
Curimatus obtusidens Valenciennes, 1837
synonymseniororiginal
Leporinus obtusidens (Valenciennes, 1837)
synonymseniornew
Leporinus silvestrii Boulenger, 1902
synonymjuniororiginal
Leporinus aguapeiensis Amaral Campos, 1945
synonymjuniororiginal
Megaleporinus elongatus (Valenciennes, 1850)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus elongatus Valenciennes, 1850
synonymseniororiginal
synonymjuniororiginal
synonymjuniororiginal
Megaleporinus conirostris (Steindachner, 1875)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus conirostris Steindachner, 1875
synonymseniororiginal
Megaleporinus reinhardti (Lütken, 1875)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus reinhardti Lütken, 1875
synonymseniororiginal
Megaleporinus trifasciatus (Steindachner, 1876)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus trifasciatus Steindachner, 1876
synonymseniororiginal
Megaleporinus muyscorum (Steindachner, 1900)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus muyscorum Steindachner, 1900
synonymseniororiginal
Megaleporinus garmani (Borodin, 1929)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus garmani Borodin, 1929
synonymseniororiginal
Hypomasticus garmani (Borodin, 1929)
synonymseniornew
Megaleporinus macrocephalus (Garavello & Britski, 1988)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus macrocephalus Garavello & Britski, 1988
synonymseniororiginal
Megaleporinus piavussu (Britski, Birindelli & Garavello, 2012)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus piavussu Britski, Birindelli & Garavello, 2012
synonymseniororiginal
Megaleporinus brinco (Birindelli, Britski & Garavello, 2013)
acceptedseniornew
Leporinus brinco Birindelli, Britski & Garavello, 2013
synonymseniororiginal
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