Family Lepisosteidae - Gars | ||||
Order | : | Lepisosteiformes |
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Class | : | Holostei | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 2 | Species : 7 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
Environment | : | Fresh : Yes | Brackish : Yes | Marine : No | ||
Division | : | Secondary freshwater | ||
Aquarium | : | none | ||
First Fossil Record | : | upper Cretaceous | Ref. Berg, L.S. 1958 | |
Remark | : | Gars are chiefly freshwater, in brackish water occasionally; very rarely marine. Distribution: eastern North America (from southern Quebec) to Costa Rica; Cuba. Body elongate. Jaws elongated, with needlelike teeth. Short heterocercal tail. Heavily armored with ganoid scales. Lateral line with about 50-65. Dorsal fin far down posterior. Few dorsal rays. Branchiostegal rays 3. Gular or interopercle absent. Paired vomer. Vascularized swim bladder allows aerial respiration. Vertebrae convex anteriorly, concave posteriorly. About 3 m maximum length. They occur usually in shallow, weedy areas. | ||
Etymology | : | Greek, lepis, -idos = scale + Greek, osteon = bone ( Ref. 45335). | ||
Reproductive guild | : | nonguarders | ||
Typical activity level | : | |||
Main Ref.![]() |
: | Nelson, J.S. 1984 | ||
Coordinator | : | Nelson, J.S. 1984 | ||
Deep Fin Classification
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: | Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Holostei | | | | | | | | | | | | | Lepisosteiformes | | | Lepisosteidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination |
---|---|---|---|
Lepisosteus osseus (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new |
Esox osseus Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original |
Esox viridis Gmelin, 1789 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus gavial Lacepède, 1803 | synonym | junior | original |
! Lepisosteus gavialis Lacepède, 1803 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus stenorhynchus Rafinesque, 1818 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Sarchirus vittatus Rafinesque, 1818 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus oxyurus Rafinesque, 1820 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus osseus oxyurus (Rafinesque, 1820) | synonym | junior | new |
Lepisosteus longirostris Rafinesque, 1820 | synonym | junior | original |
Sarchirus argenteus Rafinesque, 1820 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Lepidosteus rostratus Cuvier, 1836 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus huronensis Richardson, 1836 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus gracilis Richardson, 1836 | synonym | junior | original |
! Lepidosteus gracilis Richardson, 1836 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus bison DeKay, 1842 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus lineatus Thompson, 1842 | synonym | junior | original |
Macrognathus loricatus Gronow, 1854 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus leptorhynchus Girard, 1858 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus otarius Cope, 1865 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus crassus Cope, 1865 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus treculii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
! Lepidosteus treculi Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus harlani Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus smithii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
! Lepidosteus smithi Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus ayresii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus copei Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus lesueurii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus elisabeth Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus lamarii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus clintonii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus troostii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus piquotianus Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus horatii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus thompsonii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
! Lepidosteus thompsoni Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus louisianensis Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepidosteus milberti Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
! Lepidosteus mulberti Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus platostomus Rafinesque, 1820 | accepted | senior | original |
Lepisosteus albus Rafinesque, 1820 | synonym | junior | original |
Cylindrosteus rafinesquii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Cylindrosteus scabriceps Fowler, 1911 | synonym | junior | original |
! Cylindrosteus scabiceps Fowler, 1911 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus platyrhincus DeKay, 1842 | accepted | senior | original |
! Lepisosteus platyrhynchus DeKay, 1842 | synonym | senior | original |
Cylindrosteus megalops Fowler, 1911 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus oculatus Winchell, 1864 | accepted | senior | original |
! Lepidosteus oculatus Winchell, 1864 | synonym | senior | original |
Lepisosteus latirostris Girard, 1858 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Cylindostreus productus Cope, 1865 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus productus (Cope, 1865) | synonym | junior | new |
Cylindrosteus agassizii Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
! Cylindrosteus agassiz Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Atractosteus tristoechus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | accepted | senior | new |
Esox tristoechus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | senior | original |
Lepisosteus tristoechus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | synonym | senior | new |
! Atractoseus tristoechus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | synonym | senior | new |
Lepidosteus manjuari Poey, 1853 | synonym | junior | original |
Atractosteus spatula (Lacepède, 1803) | accepted | senior | new |
Lepisosteus spatula Lacepède, 1803 | synonym | senior | original |
Esox cepedianus Shaw, 1804 | ambiguous | other | original |
Litholepis adamantinus Rafinesque, 1818 | synonym | junior | original |
Atractosteus adamantinus (Rafinesque, 1818) | synonym | junior | new |
Lepisosteus ferox Rafinesque, 1820 | synonym | junior | original |
Lepisosteus berlandieri Girard, 1858 | synonym | junior | original |
Atractosteus lucius Duméril, 1870 | synonym | junior | original |
Atractosteus tropicus Gill, 1863 | accepted | senior | original |
Lepisosteus tristoechus tropicus (Gill, 1863) | synonym | senior | new |
Lepisosteus tropicus (Gill, 1863) | synonym | senior | new |