วงศ์ Leiognathidae - Slimys, slipmouths, or ponyfishes | ||||
อันดับ | : | Acanthuriformes | ||
ลำดับชั้นย่อยของไฟลัม | : | Teleostei | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 10 | ชนิด : 53 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
ภาวะแวดล้อม | : | สด : Yes | กร่อย : Yes | เกี่ยวกับทะเล,น้ำเค็ม : Yes | ||
ลำดับชั้นย่อยของอาณาจักร(ใช้กับพืช) | : | Marine | ||
สถานที่แสดงสัตว์และพืชน้ำ | : | none | ||
พบซากสัตว์ครั้งแรกเมื่อ | : | middle Tertiary Oligocene | อ้างอิง Danil'chenko, P.G. 1960 | |
ข้อสังเกต | : | Mainly marine; some species enter freshwater. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific; one species entered the Mediterranean through the Suez canal. Habitat: Common in shallow coastal waters and tidal creeks where they feed on benthic invertebrates. Morphology: Strongly compressed, slimy body. Scales small. Head naked, bearing bony ridges on upper surface. Gill membranes united with isthmus. Mouth small and very protractile. No teeth on palate. Pseudobranchiae absent. Dorsal fin continuous with 8 or 9 spines that are somewhat elevated, in the anterior portion; posterior portion with 14-16 soft rays. Three spines on anal fin. Dorsal and anal fin spines with a locking mechanism. A scaly sheath at the base of dorsal and anal fins. Vertebrae 22-23. All species have esophageal luminous organs. Also noted for their production of mucus (see common name). Use: Easily caught by trawls or beach seines; important artisanal food fish. Phylogeny: monophyly confirmed by Gill et al. (2019: Ref. YYY) in Acanthuriformes sensu Gill and Leis (2019: Ref: YYY) as redefined on the basis of larval and adult anatomical characters. | ||
นิรุกติศาสตร์ | : | Greek, leio = smooth, flat + Greek, gnathos = jaw ( Ref. 45335). | ||
กลุ่มที่มีการสืบพันธุ์ | : | nonguarders | ||
ระดับกิจกรรมที่เป็นตัวอย่าง | : | normal | ||
อ้างอิงหลัก | : | Nelson, J.S. 1994 | ||
ผู้ประสานงาน | : | Nelson, J.S. 1994 | ||
Deep Fin Classification | : | Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Acanthopterygii | Percomorphaceae | Eupercaria | | | Chaetodontiformes | | | Leiognathidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Leiognathinae | ||||
Leiognathus equula (Forsskål, 1775) | accepted | senior | new | |
Scomber equula Forsskål, 1775 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål, 1775) | synonym | senior | new | |
Scomber edentulus Bloch, 1795 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula edentula (Bloch, 1795) | synonym | junior | new | |
Leiognathus edentulus (Bloch, 1795) | synonym | junior | new | |
Leiognathus argenteus Lacepède, 1802 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula ensifera Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula totta Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula caballa Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus obscura Seale, 1901 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus brevirostris (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula brevirostris Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus parviceps (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula parviceps Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus robustus Sparks & Dunlap, 2004 | accepted | senior | original | |
Aurigequula fasciata (Lacepède, 1803) | accepted | senior | new | |
Clupea fasciata Lacepède, 1803 | synonym | senior | original | |
Equula fasciata (Lacepède, 1803) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leiognathus fasciatus (Lacepède, 1803) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Aurigequula fasciatus (Lacepède, 1803) | synonym | senior | new | |
Equula cara Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula filigera Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula serrulifera Richardson, 1848 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula asina De Vis, 1884 | synonym | junior | original | |
Secutor insiadiator (non Bloch, 1787) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Secutor insidiator (non Bloch, 1787) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Aurigequula longispinis (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula longispinis Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus longispinis (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Aurigequula longispina (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Equula smithursti Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus smithursti (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886) | synonym | junior | new | |
Aurigequula striata (James & Badrudeen, 1991) | accepted | senior | new | |
Leiognathus striatus James & Badrudeen, 1991 | synonym | senior | original | |
Gazzinae | ||||
Gazza minuta (Bloch, 1795) | accepted | senior | new | |
Scomber minutus Bloch, 1795 | synonym | senior | original | |
Equula minuta (Bloch, 1795) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Gaza minuta (Bloch, 1795) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Gazza minuata (Bloch, 1795) | synonym | senior | new | |
Zeus argentarius Forster, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | |
Gazza argentaria (Forster, 1801) | synonym | junior | new | |
Gazza equulaeformis Rüppell, 1835 | synonym | junior | original | |
! Gazza equulasformis Rüppell, 1835 | synonym | junior | original | |
! Gazza equuleformis Rüppell, 1835 | synonym | junior | original | |
Gazza tapeinosoma Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula dispar De Vis, 1884 | synonym | junior | original | |
Gazza dispar (De Vis, 1884) | synonym | junior | new | |
Gazza dentex (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula dentex Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Gazza minuta (non Bloch, 1795) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Leiognathus minuta (non Bloch, 1795) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Gazza achlamys Jordan & Starks, 1917 | accepted | senior | original | |
Gazza shettyi Jayabalan, 1986 | synonym | junior | original | |
Gazza rhombea Kimura, Yamashita & Iwatsuki, 2000 | accepted | senior | original | |
Gazza minuta (non Bloch, 1795) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Gazza achlamys (non Jordan & Starks, 1917) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Gazza squamiventralis Yamashita & Kimura, 2001 | accepted | senior | original | |
Deveximentum insidiator (Bloch, 1787) | accepted | senior | new | |
Zeus insidiator Bloch, 1787 | synonym | senior | original | |
Equula insidiator (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leiognathus insidiator (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
Secutor insidiator (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Equula insidiatrix (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Secutor insiadiator (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Secutor insidator (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Secutor insidiatur (Bloch, 1787) | synonym | senior | new | |
Deveximentum ruconius (Hamilton, 1822) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chanda ruconius Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | senior | original | |
Equula ruconius (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leiognathus ruconius (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | senior | new | |
Secutor ruconius (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Equula ruconia (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Secutor ruconeus (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | senior | new | |
Deveximentum interruptum (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula interrupta Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Secutor interruptus (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Equula profunda De Vis, 1884 | synonym | junior | original | |
Deveximentum indicium (Monkolprasit, 1973) | accepted | senior | new | |
Secutor indicius Monkolprasit, 1973 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Secutor indicus Monkolprasit, 1973 | synonym | senior | original | |
Secutor insidiator (non Bloch, 1787) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Secutor ruconius (non Hamilton, 1822) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Deveximentum hanedai (Mochizuki & Hayashi, 1989) | accepted | senior | new | |
Secutor hanedai Mochizuki & Hayashi, 1989 | synonym | senior | original | |
Deveximentum megalolepis (Mochizuki & Hayashi, 1989) | accepted | senior | new | |
Secutor megalolepis Mochizuki & Hayashi, 1989 | synonym | senior | original | |
Secutor ruconius (non Hamilton, 1822) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Deveximentum mazavasaoka (Baldwin & Sparks, 2011) | accepted | senior | new | |
Secutor mazavasaoka Baldwin & Sparks, 2011 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus mazavasaoka (Baldwin & Sparks, 2011) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Deveximentum mekranense Alavi-Yeganeh, Khajavi & Kimura, 2021 | provisionally accepted | senior | original | |
Deveximentum mekranensis Alavi-Yeganeh, Khajavi & Kimura, 2021 | synonym | senior | original | |
Equulites leuciscus (Günther, 1860) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula leuciscus Günther, 1860 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus leuciscus (Günther, 1860) | synonym | senior | new | |
Photoplagios leuciscus (Günther, 1860) | synonym | senior | new | |
Equulites novaehollandiae Staeindachner, 1879 | synonym | junior | original | |
! Equulites novae Hollandiae Steindachner, 1879 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula longispina De Vis, 1884 | ambiguous | homonym | original | |
Leiognathus vermiculatus Fowler, 1904 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus edwardsi Evermann & Seale, 1907 | synonym | junior | original | |
Liognathus hastatus Ogilby, 1912 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equulites berbis (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula berbis Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus berbis (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Scomber equula minimus Forsskål, 1775 | ambiguous | questionable | original | |
Equulites absconditus Chakrabarty & Sparks, 2010 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus oblongus (non Valenciennes, 1835) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Equulites lineolatus (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula lineolata Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus lineolatus (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Photoplagios lineolatus (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Equulites oblongus (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula oblonga Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus oblongus (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Photoplagios oblongus (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Equulites rivulatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula rivulata Temminck & Schlegel, 1845 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus rivulatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) | synonym | senior | new | |
Photoplagios rivulatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leiognathus edentulum (non Bloch, 1795) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Equulites elongatus (Günther, 1874) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula elongata Günther, 1874 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus elongatus (Günther, 1874) | synonym | senior | new | |
Equulites klunzingeri (Steindachner, 1898) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula klunzingeri Steindachner, 1898 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus klunzingeri (Steindachner, 1898) | synonym | senior | new | |
Photoplagios klunzingeri (Steindachner, 1898) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leiognathus mediterraneus Rhasis Erazi, 1943 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equulites popei (Whitley, 1932) | accepted | senior | new | |
Macilentichthys popei Whitley, 1932 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus elongatus Smith & Pope, 1906 | ambiguous | homonym | original | |
Equulites elongatus (non Günther, 1874) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Leiognathus elongatus (non Günther, 1874) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Macilentichthys elongatus (non Günther, 1874) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Photoplagios elongatus (non Günther, 1874) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
! Leiognathus elongatum (non Günther, 1874) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
! Leiognathus elongus (non Günther, 1874) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Equulites laterofenestra (Sparks & Chakrabarty, 2007) | accepted | senior | new | |
Photoplagios laterofenestra Sparks & Chakrabarty, 2007 | synonym | senior | original | |
Equulites aethopos Suzuki & Kimura, 2017 | accepted | senior | original | |
Equulites macrolepis Suzuki, Osmany & Kimura, 2023 | accepted | senior | original | |
Equulites ryukyuensis Kimura & Suzuki, 2023 | accepted | senior | original | |
Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier, 1829) | accepted | senior | new | |
Goomorah karah Russell, 1803 | ambiguous | other | original | |
Equula splendens Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus splendens (Cuvier, 1829) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Leognathus splendens (Cuvier, 1829) | synonym | senior | new | |
Equula gomorah Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leognathus splendens novemaculeata Klunzinger, 1880 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula ovalis De Vis, 1884 | synonym | junior | original | |
Eubleekeria ovalis (De Vis, 1884) | synonym | junior | new | |
Leiognathus ovalis (De Vis, 1884) | synonym | junior | new | |
Equula simplex De Vis, 1884 | synonym | junior | original | |
Equula argentea De Vis, 1884 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus spilotus Fowler, 1904 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus philippinus Fowler, 1918 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus devisi Whitley, 1929 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus equula (non Forsskål, 1775) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Equula caballa (non Valenciennes, 1835) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Leiognathus nuchalis (non Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Eubleekeria rapsoni (Munro, 1964) | accepted | senior | new | |
Leiognathus rapsoni Munro, 1964 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus indicus Singh & Talwar, 1978 | synonym | junior | original | |
Eubleekeria jonesi (James, 1971) | accepted | senior | new | |
Leiognathus jonesi James, 1971 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus splendens (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Eubleekeria kupanensis (Kimura & Peristiwady, 2005) | accepted | senior | new | |
Leiognathus kupanensis Kimura & Peristiwady, 2005 | synonym | senior | original | |
Nuchequula blochii (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula blochii Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus blochii (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Leiognathus blochi (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leiognathus pan Wongratana, 1988 | synonym | junior | original | |
Nuchequula pan (Wongratana, 1988) | synonym | junior | new | |
Leiognathus brevirostris (non Valenciennes, 1835) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Nuchequula nuchalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula nuchalis Temminck & Schlegel, 1845 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus nuchalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Leiognathus nucleasis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) | synonym | senior | new | |
Nuchequula gerreoides (Bleeker, 1851) | accepted | senior | new | |
Leiognathus sp. Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
Equula gerreoides Bleeker, 1851 | synonym | senior | original | |
Equula decora De Vis, 1884 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus decorus (De Vis, 1884) | synonym | junior | new | |
Nuchequula decora (De Vis, 1884) | synonym | junior | new | |
Equula brevirostris (non Valenciennes, 1835) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Leiognathus brevirostris (non Valenciennes, 1835) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Equula nuchalis (non Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Nuchequula mannusella Chakrabarty & Sparks, 2007 | accepted | senior | original | |
Nuchequula flavaxilla Kimura, Kimura & Ikejima, 2008 | accepted | senior | original | |
Nuchequula glenysae Kimura, Kimura & Ikejima, 2008 | accepted | senior | original | |
Leiognathus blochii (non Valenciennes, 1835) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Nuchequula longicornis Kimura, Kimura & Ikejima, 2008 | accepted | senior | original | |
Photopectoralis aureus (Abe & Haneda, 1972) | accepted | senior | new | |
Leiognathus aureus Abe & Haneda, 1972 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus lineolatus (non Valenciennes, 1835) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Photopectoralis bindus (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula bindus Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus bindus (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Leiognatus bindus (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leiognathus virgatus Fowler, 1904 | synonym | junior | original | |
Photopectoralis hataii (Abe & Haneda, 1972) | accepted | senior | new | |
Leiognathus hataii Abe & Haneda, 1972 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Leiognathus hatai Abe & Haneda, 1972 | synonym | senior | original | |
Photopectoralis panayensis (Kimura & Dunlap, 2003) | accepted | senior | new | |
Leiognathus panayensis Kimura & Dunlap, 2003 | synonym | senior | original | |
Karalla daura (Cuvier, 1829) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula daura Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus daura (Cuvier, 1829) | synonym | senior | new | |
Equula dacer Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | junior | original | |
Leiognathus gerroides (non Bleeker, 1851) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Karalla dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1835) | accepted | senior | new | |
Equula dussumieri Valenciennes, 1835 | synonym | senior | original | |
Leiognathus dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1835) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leiognathus equulus (non Forsskål, 1775) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Photolateralis stercorarius (Evermann & Seale, 1907) | accepted | senior | new | |
Leiognathus stercorarius Evermann & Seale, 1907 | synonym | senior | original | |
Equulites stercorarius (Evermann & Seale, 1907) | synonym | senior | new | |
Photoplagios stercorarius (Evermann & Seale, 1907) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leiognathus elongatus (non Günther, 1874) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Photolateralis moretoniensis (Ogilby, 1912) | accepted | senior | new | |
Leiognathus moretoniensis Ogilby, 1912 | synonym | senior | original | |
Equulites moretoniensis (Ogilby, 1912) | synonym | senior | new | |
Photoplagios moretoniensis (Ogilby, 1912) | synonym | senior | new | |
Leiognathus berbis (non Valenciennes, 1835) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Photolateralis antongil (Sparks, 2006) | accepted | senior | new | |
Photoplagios antongil Sparks, 2006 | synonym | senior | original | |
Equulites antongil (Sparks, 2006) | synonym | senior | new | |
Photolateralis polyfenestrus Sparks & Chakrabarty, 2019 | accepted | senior | original |