Family Echeneidae - Remoras | ||||
Order | : | Carangiformes | ||
Class | : | Teleostei | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 3 | Species : 8 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
Environment | : | Fresh : No | Brackish : Yes | Marine : Yes | ||
Division | : | Marine | ||
Aquarium | : | none | ||
First Fossil Record | : | Tertiary | Ref. Berg, L.S. 1958 | |
Remark | : | Distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific. Elongate body, with the head flattened and bearing a sucking disc having 10-28 transverse movable lamina (disc said to have evolved from a spinous dorsal fin). Mandible jutted. Scales small and cycloid. Spines absent in dorsal and anal fins. About 18-40 soft rays each in dorsal and anal fins. No swim bladder. Branchiostegal rays 8-11. With the sucking disc, the remora hitches to larger animals such as sharks, bony fishes, turtles or mammals. Some species reportedly show considerable host specificity. They act as cleaners on their hosts and also feed on 'leftovers'. Assumed to be pelagic spawners (RF). About 1 m maximum length (reported for Echeines naucrates); the smallest species measuring 17 cm. | ||
Etymology | : | Greek, echein = to hold + Greek, nays = ship; 1594. From it suppossed power for stopping ships ( Ref. 45335). | ||
Reproductive guild | : | nonguarders | ||
Typical activity level | : | |||
Main Ref. | : | Nelson, J.S. 1984 | ||
Coordinator | : | |||
Deep Fin Classification | : | Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Acanthopterygii | Percomorphaceae | Carangaria | | | Carangiformes | | | Echeneidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination |
---|---|---|---|
Echeneis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 | accepted | senior | original |
! Echenesis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original |
Leptecheneis naucrates (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new |
! Echeneis naucratus Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original |
! Echeneis neucrates Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original |
! Echensis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original |
! Echneis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original |
Echeneis lunata Bancroft, 1831 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis vittata Rüppell, 1838 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis fasciata Gronow, 1854 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis fusca Gronow, 1854 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis chiromacer Duméril, 1858 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Echeneis scaphecrates Duméril, 1858 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Echeneis guaican Poey, 1860 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis metallica Poey, 1860 | synonym | junior | original |
Leptecheneis flaviventris Seale, 1906 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis neucratoides Zuiew, 1789 | accepted | senior | original |
Phtheirichthys lineatus (Menzies, 1791) | accepted | senior | new |
Echeneis lineata Menzies, 1791 | synonym | senior | original |
! Phtheirichthys lineata (Menzies, 1791) | synonym | senior | new |
! Phthierichthys lineatus (Menzies, 1791) | synonym | senior | new |
Echeneis tropica Euphrasen, 1791 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis apicalis Poey, 1860 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis sphyraenarum Poey, 1860 | synonym | junior | original |
Phtheirichthys multiradiatus Schultz, 1943 | synonym | junior | original |
Remora remora (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new |
Echeneis remora Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original |
Echeneis squalipeta Daldorff, 1793 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis parva Gronow, 1854 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis remoroides Bleeker, 1855 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis remeligo Duméril, 1858 | synonym | other | original |
Echeneis bourboniensis Duméril, 1858 | synonym | other | original |
Echeneis postica Poey, 1860 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis remeligo Guichenot, 1863 | synonym | junior | original |
! Echeneis remiligo Guichenot, 1863 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis borboniensis Guichenot, 1863 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis nubifera Tanaka, 1915 | synonym | junior | original |
Remora osteochir (Cuvier, 1829) | accepted | senior | new |
Echeneis osteochir Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original |
Rhombochirus osteochir (Cuvier, 1829) | synonym | senior | new |
! Echeneis osteochire (Cuvier, 1829) | synonym | senior | new |
Echeneis jacobaea Lowe, 1839 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis tetrapturorum Poey, 1860 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis pediculus Girard, 1893 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis megalodiscus Franz, 1910 | synonym | junior | original |
Remora brachyptera (Lowe, 1839) | accepted | senior | new |
Echeneis brachyptera Lowe, 1839 | synonym | senior | original |
Remoropsis brachyptera (Lowe, 1839) | synonym | senior | new |
Echeneis sexdecimlamellata Eydoux & Gervais, 1837 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis quatuordecimlaminatus Storer, 1839 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis pallida Temminck & Schlegel, 1850 | ambiguous | other | original |
Echeneis nieuhofii Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | junior | original |
Remora australis (Bennett, 1840) | accepted | senior | new |
Echeneis australis Bennett, 1840 | synonym | senior | original |
Remilegia australis (Bennett, 1840) | synonym | senior | new |
! Remora australia (Bennett, 1840) | synonym | senior | new |
Echeneis scutata Günther, 1860 | synonym | junior | original |
Remora scutata (Günther, 1860) | synonym | junior | new |
Remora remora (non Linnaeus, 1758) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
Remora albescens (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) | accepted | senior | new |
Echeneis albescens Temminck & Schlegel, 1850 | synonym | senior | original |
Remorina albescens (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) | synonym | senior | new |
Echeneis lophioides Duméril, 1858 | synonym | other | original |
Echeneis clypeata Günther, 1860 | synonym | junior | original |
Echeneis lophioides Guichenot, 1863 | synonym | junior | original |