Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; freshwater; brackish; demersal; depth range 5 - 37 m (Ref. 5304). Tropical; 21°N -
Southeast Atlantic: Mauritania to south of Angola (Ref. 5304).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 10.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 27121)
Short description
Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 104 - 113; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 72 - 74. Diagnosis: flat and asymmetric body; eyes located on right side of head, except in reversed individuals; preopercle covered by skin and opercle entirely scaled; mouth small, more or less arched and inferior; dorsal and anal fins lacking spinous rays and separated from caudal fin; dorsal fin originating on upper edge of mouth; pectoral fins absent; pelvic fins asymmetrical, the one on eyed side united to anal fin; lateral line straight along each side; body covered with ctenoid scales (Ref. 57416).
Body shape (shape guide): other (see Diagnosis; Cross section: flattened.
A marine species also occurring in brackish waters and recorded from water practically free of salt in Cameroon (Ref. 6805).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Desoutter, M., 1990. Soleidae. p. 1037-1049. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5304)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
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