Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 4 - 40 m (Ref. 9710), usually 10 - 35 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115)
Indian Ocean: East Africa to the Cocos-Keeling and Christmas islands, north to the Andaman Sea.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 12.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 48635)
Occurs in large groups on outer reef slopes (Ref. 9710). Schooling species along upper parts of drop-offs and in outer reef lagoons. Feeds at various depths to near surface in pursuit of zooplankton (Ref. 48635).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1986. Serranidae. p. 509-537. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4319)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 28.9, mean 27.7 °C (based on 610 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 97.9 [54.3, 193.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.839 [0.458, 1.458] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.167 [0.101, 0.277] g/100g; Selenium = 23.8 [13.4, 47.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 231 [77, 759] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.61 [1.07, 2.35] mg/100g (wet weight);
