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Lepidonotothen squamifrons (Günther, 1880)

Grey rockcod
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Lepidonotothen squamifrons   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Lepidonotothen squamifrons (Grey rockcod)
Lepidonotothen squamifrons
Picture by Wilhelms, S.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Perciformes/Notothenioidei (Icefishes) > Nototheniidae (Cod icefishes) > Nototheniinae
Etymology: Lepidonotothen: Greek, lepis = scale + Greek, noton = back + Greek, adverbial particle, then, that denotes distance or remova (Ref. 45335);  squamifrons: squamifrons from Latin squama scale, plus frons, frontis forehead for its full upper head cover of small scales (Ref. 11892).
More on author: Günther.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; benthopelagic; depth range 10 - 900 m (Ref. 11892), usually 195 - 312 m (Ref. 11892). Temperate; 45°S - 79°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 5179)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Southern Ocean: South Georgia Island and Bouvet Island. Also known from sub-Antarctic islands and Antarctic Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 27.3, range 19 - 36 cm
Max length : 55.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5179); common length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2121); max. reported age: 19 years (Ref. 5789)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 4 - 5; Dorsal soft rays (total): 36 - 37; Anal soft rays: 29 - 33. Body with 8 or 9 long dusky crossbars, cheek with two oblique dark stripes. First dorsal fin blackish (Ref. 11892).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Feeds chiefly on macrozooplankton (mainly crustaceans, cnidarians and salps) and midwater fishes.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Dewitt, H.H., P.C. Heemstra and O. Gon, 1990. Nototheniidae. p. 279-331. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 5179)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial
FAO - Fisheries: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
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Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
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Egg(s)
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Distribution
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Introductions
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
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Otoliths
Physiology
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Nutrients
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Visual pigment(s)
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Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
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Genetics
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Synonyms
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References

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 1.3 - 2.8, mean 1.7 °C (based on 21 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00468 (0.00393 - 0.00556), b=3.24 (3.19 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.52 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.08-0.12; tm=7-9; tmax=19; Fec = >10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High vulnerability (55 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 18.9 [11.9, 33.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.274 [0.173, 0.456] mg/100g; Protein = 15.9 [13.4, 18.6] %; Omega3 = 0.661 [0.365, 1.167] g/100g; Selenium = 22.1 [11.0, 43.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 32.9 [10.7, 107.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.549 [0.402, 0.742] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.